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Dracula was written by Bram Stoker in late 1800s and published on May 26, 1897. This was during the Realism movement (late 1800s to 1900). In literature, realism is where the author tries to represent common everyday occurrences and people in a non idealized way. Authors main goals in realism movement was to show their readers the real world. The realism movement was against its predecessor the romanticism movement.

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Bram Stoker's Dracula is a part of the Gothic and horror with emphasis on vampire literature primarily and can also be classified as invasion literature. Gothic fiction can be defined as a stylistic writing characterized by its elements of gloom, fear, horror, and death, as well as its more romantic elements including nature, individuality, and high emotion such as suspense. Horror literature is created by the author with the intent to frighten, scare, disgust, or startle their readers by causing feelings of terror and suspense. A lot of times the central theme of a horrific literary work could be interpreted as the fears of society.

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Dracula takes place in Transylvania and England in the 1890s during the time span of one year; May 3 to Nov. 6. Count Dracula wishes to go to England and buy a house so he can continue getting the "nourishment" to stay alive--this "nourishment" is the blood of strong men and beautiful women. Before Count Dracula can go to England and but the house he must meet with a business man-Jonathan Harker- at his castle in Transylvania. However, while Jonathan Harker is with the Count He begins to notice some strange things about Count Dracula and his castle. Later, after Count Dracula has come to England Jonathan Harker, his fiancee Mina, and a few friends find out who Count Dracula is and what his actual intentions of being in England are about. So Jonathan Harker, Mina, and friends set out to foil Count Dracula's plans and to destroy him once and for all.

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Jonathan Harker writes in his journal about his time at Count Dracula's castle and throughout the time in England spent plotting against Count Dracula. Tells of his experiences and point of view about what has happened and plans of what is going to happen.

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Doctor John Seward writes in first part of book primarily about one of his patients in the metal hospital- Reinfield- who is under the influence of Count Dracula. For the latter part of the book Seward writes of the days experiences and what is to come like Johnathan Harker.

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Wilhelmina "Mina" Murray's (Harker's) Journal

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Wilhelmina "Mina" Murray's (Harker's) Journal

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Mina Murray who becomes Mina Harker for the first portion of book writes letters back and forth with her best friend Lucy Westenra, and writes in er journal about the current days events. For the second portion of the book Mina writes only in her journal about the current days events and what she fears will come in days coming.

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Letters, newspaper clippings, Telegraphs, and Memorandums (notes) 

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Letters, newspaper clippings, Telegraphs, and Memorandums (notes) 

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The other characters narrate for brief portions throughout the book. Lucy Westenra wrote letters back and forth with Mina, in her diary, and wrote a single memorandum. Professor Abraham Van Helsing writes a few memorandums towards the end of the book, and sends a few letters and telegraphs to other characters. Arthur Holmwood and Quincy Morris both send only a few letters and telegraphs. There are also a few newspaper clippings read and kept in the diaries of John Seward and Mina.

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A Transylvanian nobleman who purchased a house in London. Also is a Vampire. "...a tall old man, clean shaven save for a long white moustache, and clad in black from head to foot, without a single speck of colour about him anywhere...saying in excellent English, but with a strange intonation:---" (Stoker 20). " his face was a strong--a very strong---aquiline, with high bridge of the thin nose and peculiarly arched nostrils; with lofty domed forehead, and hair growing scantily round the temples, but profusely elsewhere. His eyebrows were very massive, almost meeting over the nose, and with bushy hair that seemed to curl in its own profusion. The mouth, so far as I could see it under the heavy moustache, was fixed and rather cruel-looking, with peculiarly sharp white teeth; these protruded over the lips, whose remarkable ruddiness showed astonishing vitality in a man of his years. For the rest, his ears were pale and at the tops extremely pointed; the chin was broad and strong, and the cheeks firm though thin. The general effect was one of extraordinary pallor" (Stoker 22-23). "...the Count turned his face, and the hellish look that I had heard described seemed to leap into it. His eyes flamed red with devilish passion; the great nostrils of the white aquiline nose opened wide and quivered at the edge; and the white sharp teeth, behind the full lips of the blood dripping mouth, champed together like those of a wild beast" (Stoker 300).

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Solicitor sent to do business with Count Dracula. Mina's fiance, a prisoner in Dracula's castle at beginning of the book. "...the quiet, business-like gentleman..." (Stoker 240). Practically an average British middle-class business man.

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School teacher and Jonathan's fiancee. She is intelligent and independent socially and financially, but she is not sexually independent; still fulfills some of the stereotypical women roles during that time period, she is independent so that she can "be able to be useful to Jonathan" (Stoker 61) after they married. She is rarely described physically. However, she is described as having a "man's brain" (Stoker 251). She is always thinking about how brave the men are.

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19 yr old aristocrat, Mina's best friend, Arthur's fiancee, Count Dracula's first victim. "'...an honest-hearted girl...'" (Stoker 66). "Lucy was looking sweetly pretty in her white lawn frock; she has got a beautiful colour since she has been here" (Stoker 72). "Lucy is so sweet sensitive that she feels influences more acutely than other people do...Lucy was full of pity..." (Stoker 98). "Lucy is full of quite joy..." (Stoker 107).

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Lucy's suitor and fiance, he inherits title of Lord Godalming from his recently deceased father. Also a wealthy aristocrat. "...the tall, curly-haired man..." (Stoker 62). "'He is so young and strong and of blood so pure that we need not defibrinate it'" (Stoker 136). "In an instant the poor dear fellow was overwhelmed with grief. It seemed to me that all that he had of late been suffering in silence found a vent at once. He grew quite hysterical, and raising his open hands, beat his palms together in a perfect agony of grief. He stood up and then sat down again, and the tears rained down his cheeks...cried like a wearied child, whilst he shook with emotion" (Stoker 246).

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One of Lucy's suitors, former student of Van Helsing, owns and works at a mental hospital. He is intelligent and clear of mind, and at the heart a friendly romantic. "He is an excellent parti, being handsome, well off, and of good birth. He is a doctor and really clever. Just fancy! He is only nine-and-twenty, and he has an immense lunatic asylum all under his own care...he is one of the most resolute men...and yet the most calm. He seems absolutely imperturbable...He has a curious habit of looking one straight in the face, as if trying to read one's thoughts" (Stoker 62) (parti is french for a match or a "catch").

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Dutch doctor, lawyer, and professor; John Seward's former teacher. He tends to be very much of an overachiever. He is an expert in multiple topics including medicine, superstitions, and religion. he is non-native English speaker and has numerous quirks. " professor Van Helsing, of Amsterdam, who knows as much about obscure diseases as any one in the world...He is a seemingly arbitrary man, but this is because he knows what he is talking about better than any one else. He is a philosopher and a metaphysician, and one of the most advanced scientists of his day; and he has, /i believe, an absolutely open mind. This with an iron nerve, a temper of the ice-brook, an indomitable resolution, self-command and toleration exalted from virtues to blessings, and the kindliest and truest heart that beats--these form his equipment for the noble work that he is doing for mankind--work both in theory and practice, for his views are as wide as his all-embracing sympathy" (Stoker 124-125) (ice-brook means tempered in cold running water or strong).

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American cowboy, explorer, one of Lucy's suitors. "He is such a nice fellow, an American from Texas, and he looks so young and so fresh that it seems almost impossible that he has been so many places and has had such adventures...Mr. Morris telling stories...Mr. Morris doesn't always speak slang--that is to say, he never does so to strangers or before them, for he is really well educated and has exquisite manners...he said such funny things...he has to invent it all, for it fits exactly into whatever else he has to say...looked as happy and jolly as he could..." (Stoker 65).

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Patient at Seward's insane asylum who has come under the influence of Count Dracula. He is described as a lunatic and madman. "He is so quaint in his ideas, and so unlike the normal lunatic...R. M. Reinfield, aetat 59. -- Sanguine temperament; great physical strength; morbidly excitable; periods of gloom ending in some fixed idea which I cannot make out. I presume that the sanguine temperament itself and the disturbing influence end in a mentally-accomplished finish; a possibly dangerous man, probably dangerous if unselfish" (Stoker 68).

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The Weird Sisters A.K.A. Count Dracula's Wives

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The Weird Sisters A.K.A. Count Dracula's Wives

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Three siren like vampire women who serve Dracula. "In the moonlight opposite were three young women, ladies by their dress and manner...they threw no shadow on the floor...Two were dark, and had high aquiline noses, like the Count, and great dark, piercing eyes, that seemed to be almost red when contrasted with the pale yellow moon. The other was fair, as fair as can be, with great wavy masses of golden hair and eyes like pale sapphires...All three had brilliant white teeth, that shone like pearls against the ruby of their voluptuous lips. There was something about them that made me uneasy, some longing and at the same time some deadly fear...They whispered together, and then they all three laughed--such silvery, musical laugh, but as hard as though the sound could never have come through the softness of human lips. It was like the intolerable, tingling sweetness of water-glasses when played on by a cunning hand" (Stoker 42-43).

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Dracula is in the format of an epistolary. an epistolary is a novel written as a series of documents; common form is letters, and other forms are diary entire, newspaper clippings, and other documents. Epistolary is derived from Latin and Greek word meaning letter. The epistolary format adds a greater sense of realism to the story due to the fact that it mimics the workings of real life. It also has the ability to demonstrate the differing points of view without having to use an omniscient (all-knowing) narrator.

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Throughout the entire book Count Dracula never narrates because the story is from the view of the protagonists. There are multiple narrators to display differing viewpoints and to mimic real life

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Dracula is written in an epistolary format. There are several different documents used to tell the story in Dracula. The main documents are the three diaries: belonging to Dr. Seward, Mina Murray/Harker, and Jonathan Harker. The other documents are a mix of letters and telegrams sent between characters,  memorandums or notes written by Lucy and Van Helsing, and newspaper clippings pasted in diaries by Mina and Dr. Seward.

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Dracula is mainly told by Mina Murray/Harker, Dr. Seward, and Jonathan Harker. occasionally the story is told from Lucy Westenra's POV and Van Helsing's POV. Rarely do we see the story told in Arthur and Quincy's POVs. The story is never told in Count Dracula's POV; this is because the story is told from the protagonists POV and not the antagonist's POV. If we were to get both protagonists and antagonist's POVs the story could become confusing because each seek different goals, and each have different POVs of what happened, what is happening, and what should happen.

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Dracula was written in England during the late 1800s by Bram Stoker a British native. The story takes place in England as well. So throughout the entire book the language is British English spoken and written by native Brits (i.e. British language and accents).

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There is three exceptions in the book where we do not see the story in British accent and language. The first exception: Dr. Van Helsing speaks British English; however he is a native Dutch, so he speaks with a Dutch accent. Van Helsing also speaks fluent french, so there is a few instances of french language in Dracula.

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The second exception: Quincy P. Morris is an American from Texas; therefore when he speaks it is American English with a Texan accent with American and Texas idioms. it is also stated that Quincy uses slang words, but Quincy rarely almost never uses slang words when he talks.

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The third exception: Count Dracula is Transylvanian so he speaks in British English with Transylvanian accent. He is also a vampire so his accent is going to be a bit different than normal Transylvanian accent.

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Dracula is written in an epistolary format told by multiple narrators., and it is a Gothic, Horror genre. Dracula is written in lengthy chapters; 27 chapters in total and 400 pages. the pace tends to be slow and drag on when the story is simply narration of past events in the story. the pace does speed up when the story comes into action and dialogue. The genre also helps speed up pace because it is written in a way that is supposed to leave readers with suspense and fear; typically during action scenes.

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During the narration the pace is slow and the book seems more boring. In these moments the important information is played out for the readers; almost like a plan of action. Allows the readers to focus more on the characters and their emotions, thoughts, motives,etc. The slower pace is where readers connect to the characters and learn the important details which piece the whole story together.

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The pace is faster during the action scenes and dialogue; this is intended to focus more on the readers.toying with their emotions and leaving them with suspense and fear for what is to come. Overall the action and dialogue is written more for the enjoyment of the readers and to leave them wanting to read more.

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The Message Behind The Story Relating To Its Pace

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The Message Behind The Story Relating To Its Pace

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Typically the message will more commonly be revealed to the readers in the slower paced narratives of the book and not in the faster paced action. when the message is revealed it is easier to understand in slower pace narratives. The slower pace narratives more easily go beyond the surface of the story, and the surface of the minds of the readers.

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Western Culture and Exotic Unfamiliar East 

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Western Culture and Exotic Unfamiliar East 

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One of the biggest dynamic tensions layed out by Bram Stoker throughout Dracula is extending out from the familiar and known western culture to the mysterious unknown East. On the first page of the novel Jonathan Harker makes a brief statement hinting at this dynamic tension. "The impression I had was that we were leaving the West and entering the East..." (Stoker 5). This brief statement hints at how The West and East are very different and sets this up for the rest of the book in its other elements such as setting, character, etc.

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Both Dracula and Twilight are about Vampires, both stories vampires have goals in mind of what they want. In Dracula, Count Dracula's goal is to spread the vampire "disease" among the world. In Twilight, Edward Cullen's goal is to win over the heart of Bella. in both stories there are similar traits to vampires: pale, sharp teeth, red eyes, cold body temperature, etc. The main difference between the two stories is the goals of the protagonists. In Dracula, the protagonists main goal is to destroy Count Dracula and rid the world of his danger. In Twilight, the main goal of the protagonist is to fall in love with the vampire and spend eternity with him. Between both stories there is several similarities and differences.

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Both Bram Stoker's Dracula and the Brothers Grimm Fairy Tales are both similar in genre of horror and have similar aspects within their stories. There is elements of gore, fear, suspense, and adventure in both. As well as similar aspect of telling a message while also entertaining the readers.

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Both Dracula and Harry Potter have similar story aspects and plot points. Both stories follow the hero cycle, have the protagonists goal to destroy/overcome the antagonist, and in the end the protagonist wins. There are also similar aspects in story like the elements of fear, suspense, supernatural, gor, etc. As well as parts of the story are narration, while others are action and dialogue.

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at the very end of the book there is a final note written in Jonathan Harker's journal. In this note we see Jonathan looking back from seven years in the future on his friends and his own journey of destroying Dracula. He is recalling that time and recollecting his thoughts on it. There are feelings of disbelief that what happened did happen, remorse, and Nostalgia. I have felt these same feelings many times before looking back on my childhood memories and high school memories; wondering where the time has gone and how it all happened so fast. As well as thinking and knowing that if I had to do life all over again that I would not change a single thing about it.

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during the moment of Jonathan Harker's epiphany he writes, "When I found that I was a prisoner a sort of wild feeling came over me" (Stoker 32). This feeling of imprisonment and wildness Jonathan feels is due to the fact he feels trapped in the unknown becoming known to him. The wild feeling is due to the fact that he wants to escape the prison he's in. I feel like a prisoner in a room filled with people because i feel trapped and like there is no way out; claustrophobia. I also sometimes feel as though my mind is imprisoned when I am not allowed to think freely and creatively. when I feel imprisoned my natural instinct is to find a way out.

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When Lucy receives three proposals she is overwhelmed and is not entirely sure what to do. She is also clearly confused on how relationships work and to exist in one. Similarly, I Have never had a relationship before and would not know how to be and act in one. I am also not sure of how a relationship should play out/ be cohesive. I Like Lucy have never experienced Love.

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Dynamic Tension between East and West Relating to the characters

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Dynamic Tension between East and West Relating to the characters

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The protagonists: Jonathan, Mina, Seward, Van Helsing, Quincy, and Arthur which parallels to the West, and the antagonist: Dracula is parallel to the East. Dracula exotic and unknown like the East and the protagonists are friendly and familiar like the the West in this time period. The dynamic tension between the West and the East shows how many people during this time period wanted to stay in the West because that is what they knew, and they didn't want to head East for fear of what they would find; fear of the unknown.

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Dynamic Tension of East and West Relating To The Setting

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Dynamic Tension of East and West Relating To The Setting

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The two main settings of the book are Count Dracula's Castle in the forests of Transylvania and Urban England. The two settings are highly contrasted creating the dynamic tension in setting, which in turn creates tension in mood. Count Dracula's castle in Transylvania is dark and brooding; unwelcoming, and frightening. The mood created here is more tense and suspenseful and creates faster pace. Urban England is light, and airy; welcoming and whirling with people. The mood here is more upbeat and calming; complete opposite of mood at the castle. The two contrast highly and show how in each it is a comfort to some characters and unnerving to others. Brings to light dynamic tension of the characters.

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There are 4 main reoccurring motifs/symbols: the crucifix, garlic, the wooden stake, and Human Blood. The crucifix and garlic are both superstitions to ward off vampires and in this story actually work. These images are used to reveal weakness in the Count Dracula that the protagonists may use against him. The wooden stake is another superstition that is that only a wooden stake to the heart may kill a vampire; obviously this reoccurring because it must be used to kill Lucy after she turns, the wives of Count Dracula, and Count Dracula himself. Finally the Human Blood is the only nourishment that keeps Count Dracula alive. It reveals the symbolism of Dracula who represents death must be kept alive by the blood a.k.a. the lives of those who are still breathing. The superstitious items are also symbolism for preventing or bringing death to death. There is irony in these motifs/symbols in that Death lives by taking the lives of the living and how there is superstitions that death may die by the hand of the living. There is also a prevalent Epiphany of Jonathan Harker when he realizes the truth about Count Dracula and the eminent danger Jonathan is in. As well as some foreshadowing in the dialogue of characters during their planning of destroying Count Dracula of the coming events of what happens to them and to Count Dracula. There is also some parallels between the characters, as well as parallels between the goals of the protagonists and antagonists. Both seek to bring destruction, but the antagonist seeks the destruction on the world; whereas the protagonists seek the destruction on the antagonist.