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Boyle-Baise, M. & Zevin, J. (2014). Young citizens of the world: Teaching elementary
social studies through civic engagement. New York: Routledge.
California Department of  Education.(2017).California History-Social Science Framework. Retrieved  from https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/hs/cf/documents/hssfwchapter6.pdf
Noguera, P. & Cohen, R.(2007). Educators in the War on Terrorism. In Westheimer, J.(Ed.), Pledging allegiance: The politics of patriotism in America’s schools(25-34). New York: Teacher’s College Press.

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Boyle-Baise and Zevin (2014) note that service learning is one of the  best  methods  for  reinforcing democratic  dispositions in  the  classroom.  Students learn through service and the learning is directly  related to the curriculum.  Implementation is also more feasible since there is a correlation with the curriculum.

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Informed  Through Multiple Perspectives 

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Informed  Through Multiple Perspectives 

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Social  studies education must   expose students  to  multiple  perspectives in order  to  develop  accurate knowledge  about  historical  events.   In addition, the Teaching Tolerance's Social  Justice  Standards  emphasize   the importance of recognizing and embracing diversity.  Social studies education offers multiple opportunities to expose students to analyzing the perspectives of different groups of people.

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Informed  About How Our  Democracy/Govenment Works

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Informed  About How Our  Democracy/Govenment Works

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If  we expect  students  to  become  engaged in  social issues  it is  critical that  they  understand  how  our  government  works.   Social studies education should include enhancing student understanding of government.  In Westheirmer (2007), Noguera and Cohen assert assert that it is understood that ignorant citizens would be unable to to elect good leaders. Thus, it is our duty as educators to promote critical thinking among our students.

The California History-Social Science Framework  asks for  third grade students to  develop an  understanding  of citizenship, civic engagement, the  basic structure of  government, and  the  lives  of  famous national  and local  Americans who took  risks  to secure freedoms.

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Social  studies  education  should   include  an emphasis  on  big  ideas and  offer reasons  for  learning  about   historic  events (Boyle-Baise & Zevin, 2014).    Knowledge about past events   can assist students in  understanding current issues and conflicts.  Knowledge about past injustices is specially important for minority students.

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What  do  you believe social  studies  education  should  be?

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What  do  you believe social  studies  education  should  be?

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I  believe  social   studies  education  should empower students  to be  informed and engaged  participants of  our  democracy.