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Total Response signals can be used to check for understanding, allows students to prepare and respond in a non-threatening way

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Using visuals and vocabulary strategies to help us meet our teaching objectives effectively

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A chance to share ideas and point-of-view with each other

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Research shows that student engagement increases attention which increases student achievement! Physical movement
gets their attention which increases engagement leading to improved achievement.

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Research shows it's a meta cognitive strategy that has impact on all students' performance. Ells especially as they monitor their own thinking and how to ask for help.

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A chance to share ideas and point-of view with each other

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For strategies, they provide a process the students can always use when learning new material. Visuals are permanent and can be built upon as they move through the topic.

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Students need at least 6 exposures to a word before they can understand the meaning. Reduces a lot of the problems. Percentile gain of 19 points over students who don't participate in discussions.

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1.  Visuals increases comprehensible input, so students are able to understand the content and learn more effectively.
Ex: Photos, maps, drawings, movie clips, concrete objects, graphic organizers, Point and Talk
2.  Develop vocabulary - introduce and display at least 2 new words per lesson
Ex: Scanning, Marzano's 6 step Process, Sentence Stems

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Providing students with question frames such as "Can I please have more information " as substitutes for "I don't know" and by explaining procedure, modeling, give them thinking time, ask a partner, and an answer is always an expectation.

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Actively engaging students in structured conversations. Provide sentence stems. Encourage, support and repetition. Authentic context.

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Examples of TRS-
four corners
thumbs down, thumbs up!
signal for multiple choice questions

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Speaking in complete sentences helps ELLs use new academic vocabulary and learn new concepts while thinking and speaking in complete sentences. This will eventually help them to develop their own thoughts in learning.

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Getting them to say when they don't know.

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Provide students with sentence stems to help them form a structured response.
Begin this expectation at the start of the school year!

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Randomize and rotate when calling on students.

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Involve everyone so there is equal participation and equal engagement so you can assess everyones understanding. Learning increases when students are focused and on task during instruction. Rotating maintains accountability and preparedness.

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Use popsicle sticks, index cards, Kagan's Numbered Heads Together strategy or computer randomizing program

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Why have students speak in complete sentences?

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Why have students speak in complete sentences?

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Research shows that when students use language multiple times in multiple contexts, they can learn content language more accurately. It is also proven that there is a strong relationship with oral language proficiency and written language proficiency. When students hear complete and correct grammatical structures, they are able to elaborate In their own speech and writing because it has become habit.

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For popsicle sticks, you could use a double bucket and put the "used" sticks in the outside bucket and pull from the inside bucket. But keep the kids who have answered on their toes by pulling occasionally from the outside bucket.

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This came from page 13 from the book!

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Structure reading and writing activities so that students gain a deep understanding of content concepts

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clear purpose for reading and writing

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Summarization Frames
Resfriction Illustration
Definition
Problem Solution
guide for reading
RAFT