# data[].attributes.body
"Whatever definition of propaganda we choose to use - or, indeed, whether we need more or less propaganda - we have been living in the age of propaganda".

# data[].attributes.body
"Edges are now dangerously blurred between what happens online (the lawless place we call the internet) and what occurs in the mainstream media."

# data[].attributes.body
"How is propaganda changing in a world populated by the internet, social media, advertising and the press? Have the news media freed citizens from the tyranny of oppressive governments? Can propaganda still be identified as such, given the preponderance of communications methods and sophistication of the originators? In the age of Facebook and Twitter, is everyone a propagandist?"

# data[].attributes.body
"The media was seen by the military as part of the problem rather than the solution."

# data[].attributes.body
"Governments have attempted to influence the media through what, in the US, the Pentagon has termed 'perception management' – a euphemism for propaganda. In terms of military – media relations, one of the consequences of the increasing sophistication of the military's media operations in the aftermath of the Vietnam Was is the accusation of 'spin' or manipulation."

# data[].attributes.body
Under Are We All Propagandists Now?

"In the past governments could largely control the coverage and shape the narrative.  But the 21st century's new media have brought a host of new questions...Edges are now dnagerously blurred between what happens online (the lawless place we call the internet) and what occurs in the mainstream media."
Pg. 198

# data[].attributes.body
""Spearheading the electronic propaganda campaign were converted C-130 US cargo planes form the Commando Solo fleet, transmitting a mixture of Arabic and Western music and spoken announcements to the troops and citizens of Iraq, urging them not to fight and explaining how to surrender" (Welch, 193).

# data[].attributes.body
"What is truly vicious is not propaganda but a monopoly of it. Perhaps more focus should be placed on the intention behind the propaganda and not exclusively on the propaganda itself." (Welch, 200).

# data[].attributes.body
"These concepts were second nature in US military thinking by 2003, together with repeated assertions that 'purely military considerations' should prevail in war, and that the purpose of the US Armed Forces was to 'fight and win the nation's wars'." (Welch, 191)

# data[].attributes.body
"In the 20th century, the advent of total war changed forever the relationship between the media, old-style diplomacy and the need for secrecy; the new media had the power to shape public opinion, a power that gave politicians reason to fear them"- (Welch 190)

# data[].attributes.body
"The rise of professional military communicators from 2001 created a situation whereby the media were seen by the military as part of the problem rather than the solution."- (welch 1994)

# data[].attributes.headline
Alyssa Cuozzo                       "At the time of the Gulf War in 1991, the military were firmly in control of the media, but by 2003 and the invasion of Iraq, power had shifted to politicians who were now in control of state-media relations and the information environment".  (Welch, 194) 

# data[].attributes.subject
Alyssa Cuozzo                       "At the time of the Gulf War in 1991, the military were firmly in control of the media, but by 2003 and the invasion of Iraq, power had shifted to politicians who were now in control of state-media relations and the information environment".  (Welch, 194) 

# data[].attributes.body
"In today's conflicts, governments have attempted to influence the media through what, in the United States, the Pentagon has termed 'perception management'- a euphemism for propaganda" (Welch, 194).

# data[].attributes.body
"With politics conducted on social media sites and with no judicial rules appearing to operate, it is almost inevitable that standards and values that underpin 'civilised' behavior in the real world do not always apply. It is now possible to 'google' any accusations made against individuals, governments and companies without the need to verify the facts." (Welch, 198)

# data[].attributes.body
"Part of the problem lay in a widespread absence, in the United States, of serious debate about the war and the reasons for war. In the post 9/11 atmosphere, the public was generally underinformed  about the circumstances of Iraq, and the media did not initaite debate- there was a sense in which it was deeemed unpatriotic to question or scrutinise" (Welch 195)

# data[].attributes.body
Terrorism's aim "is to generate sufficient fear to persuade leaders --or to persuade public opinion to press its leaders - to accede to their demands."