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There were many political conflicts between the church and the rulers. Like when King Henry IV was excommunicated from the church because of political conflicts with Pope Gregory VII.

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Heresy is the "belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious  (especially Christian) doctrine." A heretic is "a person who differs in opinion from established religious dogma especially : a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church who refuses to acknowledge or accept a revealed truth The church regards them as heretics."

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The Spanish Inquisition was when Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand used a Roman Catholic court called the Inquisition against Jews and Muslims who claimed to have converted to Christianity. It was terrible and very harsh. They would call in judges call inquisitors who sometimes tortured people to find out whether or not they really converted. Thousands of people were burned at the stake for heresy. There were many punishments if found guilty including prison, fines, and sometimes death. New inquisitions started in other places like Rome to condemn those who's ideas were dangerous.

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The Church had many problems and abused their power in many ways. If anyone tried to bring about change that contradicted the Church they would excommunicate them and would often hang/burn them for heresy. They also had problems with selling indulgences which were basically a get out of jail free card from all of your sins, a ticket to heaven. They would sell them to make money for the Church and to become more wealthy.

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The reformation art was more realistic and 3D

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Art from the middle ages was unrealistic and did not look real. Babies or children were just adults down sized.

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The ancient cathedrals and churches were gorgeous works of art.

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The Church slowly grew in their power and importance. At one point they were the biggest land owner in Europe and the popes arguably had more power than the monarchs.