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Mouse, Chinchilla, Gerbil, Beaver, Murids, Coypu, Cavia, Gopher, Lemming, Dormouse, Paca, Hutia, New World Porcupine

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Rodentia is random mating because different species mate with the same species. They are very close and it never really changes.

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The type of isolation that Rodetia is placed into geographical isolation. You can tell because all these different species are in all spread out in certain areas. Not many of the species share similar locations. They're all found in certain places.

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The evolution of rodentia is convergent evolution. You can tell because all of the species are different, but share near the same traits. For example a squirrel and a beaver they are separate, but share a lot of the same things. This is why they are put into the spot of rodentia.

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Within Rodentia the type of speciation is gradual. You can tell this because over time more and more species developed and broke into even more different types of those certain species.

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These three animals a rat, hamster, and squirrel share homologous proteins. Many species share these proteins. They know this because they like to use protein electrophoresis to find out more about these proteins.They also share hepatic lipids. Since these animals share proteins, lipids and certain carbohydrates you can tell they are related nearly.

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The DNA in hamsters, rats, and squirrels are nearly related. Not completely though. Since they are near related this is why they are classified by a lot of things like kingdom, phylum, class, or order. Evolution is shown through my three examples because you can see that some of these animals since they have different, but similar DNA, they can survive differently and some have better survival and reproduction rates. For example they'll have high rates of reproduction, but the brown rat an reproduce the most in a litter which is 14 unlike the others which only reproduce in litters of 13 or for a squirrel three. For survival rates again the brown rat is higher then the other animals.

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The embryology in rodents are similar. They are all reproduced sexually and when born are live young. You can tell already that rodents look very similar, but when young they look similar too. Through the stages they start really small and then at the end of the birth they are completely ready and ready to survive. For example through growth in embryology rodents start to grow small ears or small legs, things like that. Using my three exemplary animals in earlier stages they are all nearly the same. They are produced the same ways, they look similar. the characteristics are near the same within small masses, small ears, little limbs, everything is just smaller, except for their tail length, Their bodies and the way they work are the same including their incisors.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7H2mEQYIWc

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The anatomy in rodents are really similar. They all have the same body parts. but especially the same teeth. They're teeth all grow the same with the incisors. They have nearly the same muscles. Within the terms of physiology their bodies are nearly the same. All rodent's functions are pretty closely related. They act the same with functions for example eating, how they move or reproduce. They use mostly the same of everything. But this is also shown in my three examples because the anatomy of the animals as described in embryology is they all look the same. They all have the same characteristics and they all function the same. This is most likely why all rodents are nearly classified the same.

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This is the karyotype of the rodentia taxonomic group.

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This is a phylogenetic tree which helps shows how closely related these rodent species are. You can see that they are all close together , but are organized into different species.

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Darwin's two theories of evolution are shown by my three example's because with in descent of modification. it shows that all theses changes keep being passed down through each example's offspring. The adaptations continue through each species down every part of the line. Within natural selection these genes, mutations, or modifications, really anything you can see that some of the examples survive or reproduce a lot better because some of them have better advantages. When comparing these three examples.

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This fossil is 50 million years old.

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Taxonomy alone shows us how species relate. They can show how closely related they actually are. By giving us information about how they are connected we can see what point they are different like the families, genus, or species are different. This is unlike the kingdom, phylum, class, and order are all alike.

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Kingdom- Animalia
Phylum- Chorodate
Class- Mammalia
Order- Rodentia
Family- Cricetidae
Genus- Mesocricetus
Species- M. aucatus

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Kingdom- Animalia
Phylum- Chrodate
Class- Mammalia
Order- Rodentia
Family- Sqiuridae
Genus- Sciurus
Species- S. carolinensis

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Kingdom-Animalia
Phylum- Chordate
Class- Mammalia
Order- Rodentia
Family- Muridae
Genus- Rottus
Species-Rottus Norvegicus

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Golden Hamsters are found in Turkey and Syria. They live in kind of deserted area. Some characteristics include their cheeks being able to be expanded to consume more food, they're smaller animals with short tails. They use scent to mark where they've been. They behavior is very defensive. They separate with age. So after a few weeks from birth they are not together anymore.

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Eastern Gray Squirrels are found in the U.S. This includes the east parts. They can also be found in other countries also. They are usually up in trees. Some physical characteristics include very furry tails, these tails are also longer, they have smaller ears, they stand on their back legs, they have white fur on their stomachs and gray fur everywhere else. They run around and are very up to date with what is happening.

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Brown Rats have longer tails. They are found in warmer places. Brown rats live almost everywhere, they do not live in one spot, they're scattered around the world. They also have smaller ears, small legs, brown fur, and their mass is smaller. Their behavior includes finding food mostly anywhere. travelling around to find mates and things like food. They reproduce with other rats.

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Within the Rodentia group some characteristics that are shared include shorter limbs, longer tails, small animals and they are usually smaller. Some internal characteristics are single incisors, the teeth don't ever stop growing. Some behavioral and habitat characteristics include living in any kind of areas. They can withstand warm and cold temperatures. They find food mostly anywhere, they eat lots of things. They also reproduce sexually with another rodent. They are mammals so  they give birth to living young.