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I have been using this helpful site.(FYI, that's not me in this pic.)

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Research Guides: Write a Literature Review: Your First Literature Review

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Research Guides: Write a Literature Review: Your First Literature Review

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Summaries appear in an annotated bibliography.

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Great site...full of resources, submitted by teachers!

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INSPIRING Art Educators SINCE 2011

Art educators deserve support at every stage of their careers. Discover a rich K-12 visual arts curriculum, professional development, relevant resources, online graduate courses, and rigorous master's degree programs.

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INSPIRING Art Educators SINCE 2011 Art educators deserve support at every stage of their careers. Discover a rich K-12 visual arts curriculum, professional development, relevant resources, online graduate courses, and rigorous master's degree programs.

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A good way to easily add writing to art class!

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A good way to easily add writing to art class!

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This art teacher uses writing as a regular feature of her middle school art classes. Short ,daily response writing .

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Whether it's required or just something you want to try, writing can be tricky to integrate into any art lesson. I teach in a "Write-to-Learn" school, which means over the last three years I've been weaving writing components into all grade-levels. Scary, yes? Not anymore! By making some thoughtful choices about what you ask and how you ask it, writing can prompt students to think on yet another level about art. Here's how you can make writing a cornerstone of well-rounded learning in your art room...

1. Use what you've got.
Just like giving simple assessments, the back of the art is where it's at! You don't always have to bother with printing up a special worksheet or getting out extra supplies. Use the materials already within reach and have students do their quick writes on the back of their work. Fast, simple...doable.

2. No, I don't mean put their words on the wall, I mean give them a writing frame. Kids need practice before they can produce meaningful answers to open-ended questions. Give them a structure to practice with at first, and as they become better writers you can relax the frames. How about an example: I just took my fourth and fifth grade students to visit the Des Moines Art Center, and I like them to reflect on their experience. If I asked them to do just that, I would get a whole hot-mess hodge-podge of answers. Instead, I have them do something more like this...

3. Read them, all of them.
I know, I know. But really, you should. They don't all have to be 10-page research papers. Most of my writing assignments take 5 minutes to do and even less time to read and assess. I read all of them because I get a better insight into my students' thinking and level of understanding. I don't worry a ton about writing conventions, I worry more about content. Once you've read them, generate feedback, either on an individual level (if you have time) or for the whole class.
What are some easy ways you have found to make writing go smoothly in the art room?

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Tips to Make Writing More Successful in the Art Room - The Art of Ed

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Whether it's required or just something you want to try, writing can be tricky to integrate into any art lesson. I teach in a "Write-to-Learn" school, which means over the last three years I've been weaving writing components into all grade-levels. Scary, yes? Not anymore!

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Writing and Art in the elementary classroom.

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Writing and Art in the elementary classroom.

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This action research project is related to the topic I wish to explore through my action research project.

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Standards and Benchmarks related to writing.

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Standards and Benchmarks related to writing.

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The Visual Arts standards and benchmarks related to reflective and evaluative responses to works of art

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Wonderding about the educational effects of writing in the visual arts.How does writing in art class support growth in other content areas, as well as in art classes?

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Wonderding about the educational effects of writing in the visual arts.How does writing in art class support growth in other content areas, as well as in art classes?

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S.Coron 07/11/17

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S.Coron 07/10/17
Great site, includes APA style for citing sources .

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LibGuides: Literature Review: Conducting & Writing: Home

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This guide will provide research and writing tips to help students complete a literature review assignment.

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S.Coron 07/11/17
Good article. Very comprehensive and offers a great outline for starting an analytical paper about visual art.

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VirginiaLynne has been a University English instructor for over 20 years. She specializes in helping people write essays faster and easier.

All images project ideas or claims. Advertisements generally make these claims openly and even tell you the claim in the text. Works of art may be more subtle but they usually are also trying to get the viewer to believe something. How can you analyze visual images? You look at:

1. The purpose of the artist.

2. The audience.

3. The way the image was composed.

4. The historical context when it was produced and when it is viewed.

Introduction: Tell the basic facts about the art (see citing your image). Get the reader interested in the image by using one of the following methods:

Describe the image vividly so the reader can see it.

Tell about how the image was created.

Explain the purpose of the artist.

Give interesting facts about the art or artist.

Talk about a controversy or misunderstanding about the art.

Thesis: Your thesis will tell the meaning of this image (see Analyzing the Meaning of the Image)

Body: Support your thesis with three or more main ideas which support your meaning. Use questions in the pre-writing sections for ideas.

Conclusion: Try to conclude rather than just repeating your thesis. Either give a final interesting fact or try one of the following:

Compare the reception of the painting by the audience who first saw it with your own ideas, or with the way people today might interpret the picture.

Speculate on what the artist would think about the way his picture has been viewed over time.

Compare this image to other similar images.

Suggest how this piece of art fits into the works of an artist, or the ad campaign of a company.

Student Paper Visual Analysis Sample: This is not a student from my class but I think the example is pretty well done and might be helpful. It is about Jeff Soto's wood panel painting "Last Voyage"

Visual Analysis of Botticelli: Another student paper which does a nice job with using the format of explaining how the historical period and life of the artist is related to the meaning of the painting as well as discussing the visual aspects.

Don't have an art background? Don't worry. You probably know a lot more than you realize. Modern people are surrounded by images every day.

Everyone Can Analyze Images: Even if you don't know the terms of how people analyze art, you will be familiar with many of the tricks that artists use to create a reaction in the reader, such as making the most important images larger and light, and the less important ones in the background or fading darker. You can also easily recognize symbolic colors, such as: red means emergency or blood or danger; green means safe and close to nature; and blue means cool and relaxed.

Start by Looking Closely: Most Visual Analysis Papers will require a clear and vivid description of the image along with an analysis of the visual composition of the picture in order to explain how the artist put the image together to create meaning. Just describe the image you see and use the chart below to help you use the right terms.

Trust Your Own Eyes: You may want to do your own study of the image before you actually research the history of the image, so that you can write out your own thoughts without being influenced by other people.

Use Chart and Questions for Help: Start your visual analysis description by getting a good copy of the image and looking at it carefully. Look at the chart below and answer the key questions in order to help you see the different visual elements.

Although Visual Analysis Essays often focus a lot on the details of describing the image, you will also need a thesis which tells what the images mean. There are several ways to do this and your assignment may tell you which direction to go. Here are some typical ways to analyze images for meaning:

Analyzing the meaning of the image for the artist and his or her time.

Analyzing the meaning of the image for you and your time.

Analyzing the changes in the meaning of an image over the course of time.

Analyze the audience reaction to the image.

Analyze your own reaction and evaluate the effectiveness of the image.

Use the pre-writing questions below to help you analyze your images and start writing notes that will help you develop your paper ideas.

1. Claims: What claims does the image make? What type of claim is it?

Fact Claim: Is it real?

Definition Claim: What does it mean?

Cause Claim: What is the Cause? What are the effects? How are these related?

Value Claim: How important is this? How should we evaluate it?

Policy Claim: What is the solution? What should we do about it?

2. Visual Composition: How is the image arranged or composed? Which of the following aspects of composition help makes the claim? Examine:

Layout: where images are placed and what catches your attention. How visual lines draw your attention to or away from the focal point.

Balance: size of images and how they compare with one another. Is the focal point centered or offset?

Color: how color (or lack of color) draws your attention or creates a mood

Key figures: what is the main focus? How does this contribute to meaning?

Symbols: are there cultural symbols in the image? What do these mean?

Stereotypes : how does image support stereotypes or challenge them?

Exclusions: is there anything left out of the image that you expect to be there?

3. Genre: What is the genre of this image? (examples: fine art, movie, advertisement, poster, pamphlet, news photograph, graphic art etc.). How does it follow the rules of that genre or break away from them? How does that affect the meaning of the image for the audience?

4. Text: How does any text or caption work to provide meaning to the visual?

5. Appeals: How does it appeal to the audience to believe the claims? Are appeals to logic? Emotion? Character? Authority? Are any of these appeals false or deceiving?

6. Selling: Does the claim move into a sales pitch? Does it use a cultural value or common cultural symbol in a way that exploits that image?

7. Story: What story does this image convey? How does this story help the claim or appeal to the audience?

To get ready to analyze the meaning of the image for the artist and the people viewing the art, it helps to first find out the rhetorical situation. That means you need to know what the artist was trying to do at that particular point in time, and how the audience reacted. Sometimes the reaction of the audience that first saw the piece is very different from the reaction you might have. If it is, that can make an interesting paper thesis.

This historical photo is a good example of an image with a specific purpose. The photo was taken by Fridtjof Nansen along with other photos of the Russian famine. The purpose of the photo was to raise money for Russian relief. The photo was published as part of a set of postcards which were sold to raise money and then sent to raise awareness of the problem in others.

Since the text is in French, the Photograph was probably published to raise money from France and other French-speaking peoples. The text elucidates the image by saying the boys are feeding one another in the fatal final stages of hunger. It describes their skeletal limbs and swollen bellies as having come from eating grass, tree bark, straw, worms and dirt in order to survive.

While the photo undoubtedly affected the original audience, the pathos of the image also speaks to an audience today who may be completely unaware of this famine. For viewers today, the image may bring to mind the many famines in other areas around the world, as well as images of Holocaust survivors.

Answer the following questions to get ready to write an analysis of the image and the audience response. While each of the questions can have a single sentence answer, you can use that single sentence as the topic sentence of a paragraph and give examples and explanation to fill out that paragraph.

1. Who is the artist?

2. What is the purpose of this piece? Why did the artist create it?

3. Who did the artist create the image for?

4. What was going on at that time in art or in the culture that the artist was either reacting against or reflecting?

5. How did the audience in that historical moment view this work?

6. Where was it published? How would the image appeal to that audience?

7. What was the reaction to this piece of art when it first appeared? Since then?

8. Did the audience understand what the artist was trying to say with the image?How did the artist feel about the reaction of the audience?

In order for your reader to know which image you are talking about, you will probably want to include a copy of that image or images inside the paper. You will also need to make sure that in the first paragraph you include all of the information your reader needs to know, such as:

Title of the Image (underline or italics)

Artist's name

Date of work

Where it was published or the name of museum or collection it is now in.

Medium: magazine advertisement, video, oil painting, marble sculpture, chalk drawing, pencil sketch, photograph (what type of image it is and what type of art medium was used)

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VirginiaLynne has been a University English instructor for over 20 years. She specializes in helping people write essays faster and easier. All images project ideas or claims. Advertisements generally make these claims openly and even tell you the claim in the text.