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https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/colonialism/
http://caribya.com/caribbean/sports/
http://www.chronicle.co.zw/role-of-religion-in-colonialism/
http://www.hist.cam.ac.uk/undergraduate/tripos-papers/themes-sources/themes-and-sources-2014-2016/1-colonialism
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-94-6091-606-9_2#page-1

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By doing this portfolio, I learned the role education played in shaping of civilization through its introduction from religion entities and how religion gave us a sense of belonging. We also mentioned the comparison of both Education and Religion in of society to how things were back then.

After learning about Caribbean Culture paying special attention to Education and Religion I can conclude or be of the opinion that, we as Caribbean people look to the past as it provides content for the understanding one true self. Religion and education will continue to shape our society as the times evolve, it’s one thing that can’t be taken from us therefore we will always have it too our advantage. FOUN 1101 Caribbean Civilization was an enjoyable course as it gave me a greater appreciate and understanding of Caribbean people and the society. We as Caribbean people need to know and understand who we are in order to move forward. It was truly an enlightening, thrilling experience. From the information gained through the lectures and tutorials, I was properly able to accentuate some of the residual effects of imperialism in this Caribbean and how it shapes us as Caribbean people. As a young lady that's been living in Trinidad and Tobago my entire life, I am fully seasoned and I have personally experienced each of these bullets firsthand. By attending a Catholic secondary school while being Muslim was an eyeopener to the effects of colonialism, and I was brought up playing cricket. This course helped me to gather insight into what I've been experiencing my entire life and now I fully understand and have gathered enough information to share.

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Education, Religion and Sport are three effects of imperialism that were discussed in this portfolio. All three of these factors are connected and they all incorporate and encompass Caribbean identity and regional integration. These factors were and are crucial to seasoning a Caribbean person and bringing to the light how they became just who they are. This portfolio enlightened readers of all of these factors.

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Figure 1: Picture showing my sister, Subhana, (right) and I dressed in Muslim wear for Eid in 2011.

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Colonialism is something that I've been brought up knowing about. I've always thought it was very important to know exactly how we became as we are now, in terms of Caribbean people. Before we can discuss any of the bullets, we first have to understand what is ‘Caribbean Culture’. In Unit 8 of our lecture notes gives us a perfect sense of this identify.

“Caribbean culture can be viewed as a body of learned behaviors common to the Caribbean region, and which is passed on from generation to generation.

“Cultural theorists argue that this learned behavior has a predictable form and content and functions like a template of sorts,” (Knight 6) As such this cultural template can be in place prior to the birth of an individual person and by their very location in the Caribbean; a person is thus ‘born’ into Caribbean culture.

Caribbean culture is specific to the region and has its own systems of meaning. One needs to understand that culture is never static and so there is always room for it to evolve, by its very nature, culture has a very active role as it provides the lenses through which various groups interact with and understand the world. Therefore, this portfolio will outline and discuss the colonialism effects of sport, education and religion-not in that order.

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Without Colonization, the Caribbean would be nothing as how it is now. The introduction of education into the Caribbean was crucial to the formation of Caribbean Identity. Despite how brutal the entire imperialist program was, the effects were wonderful. Today, the education system exists and is functioning, providing substantial education for all. Under the British education system, to today, the formatting and subjects are still more or less the same. There were various religious specific schools created and to today, they still exist. The strong Hinduism schooling, such as Lakshmi Girls Hindu School, the Muslim sector of education such as A.S.J.A Girls and Boys  and Roman Catholic backed St. Joseph's Convent, Port-of-Spain, all in Trinidad and Tobago. Even though I was raised Muslim, I attended a Roman Catholic School for 7 years and this indefinitely helped shaped me as a Caribbean young lady. As religion and education are intertwined, it is easy to specify the importance of it to Caribbean Culture. Even if one didn't attend a specified religious school, the many different religious institutions created throughout the years makes a young child integrated nonetheless, considering the sharing culture of Caribbean people. Sport is directly tied to both religion and education as well. Sport in the Caribbean is very integrational and is crucial to the seasoning of a Caribbean person. Whether one becomes involved in a cricket team in school or in a religious sector, they become involved nonetheless and the sport and experience is all the same. As one people of a Caribbean, it is essential to all aspects of sport, education and religion to fulfill a definition of Caribbean Identity.
In the song ‘Caribbean unity’ by Leroy Calliste better known as Black Stalin, we hear the lyrics of his chorus

“Like one race [The Caribbean man]
From the same place [The Caribbean man]
That make the same trip [The Caribbean man]
On the same ship [The Caribbean man]
So we must push one common intention
Is for a better life in the region”

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Unit 8: Caribbean Cultural Expression
How has the introduction of sport to the Caribbean affected Caribbean Identity and Regional Integration?
Along with their education and their various religions, the colonists also brought along their sports. Since this portfolio focuses specifically on the Caribbean, the main sport referred to would be cricket. At the time, cricket represented ‘the stress on fair play, physical well-being and going the extra mile’. It was a sport that the English played to reinforce discipline and rule playing. According to CLR James (1963), “even in the act of colonial sports like cricket, the Caribbean person has sought to transform it from a mode of social control into one of social protest. In this context, the playing styles and delivery of the bowling attack for example, became reflective of the clash of culture and empire that existed off the cricket pitch.”

Despite cricket promoting Caribbean identity as a people of the Caribbean, it binds us together politically. Despite the competition, a cricket game between two Caribbean nation encompasses regional and island nationalism. As CLR James (1963) said, “The Caribbean’s success in this area of sports therefore is reflective of the Caribbean region’s larger right to self-determination and cultural legitimisation. Additionally, cricket (like Caribbean music), reflected the ‘ethos’ of the Caribbean people in an effective non-verbal manner.”

Figure 2: Showing Men Playing Cricket On A Beach In Grenada

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Unit 7: Religion and Education in the Formation of Caribbean Society
What is the link between religion and education in the Caribbean?
When the colonists arrived, they indefinitely brought along their religion. Introduced to the Caribbean mixed variously, the Caribbean became more diversified due to different religions and their associated teachings. Apart from Roman Catholicism, there were other Christian faiths that influenced the early development of the region.

Among these participants in other belief systems were the Anglicans (Church of England), Moravians, Methodists, The Dutch Reformed and Lutheran churches and the Presbyterians (Church of Scotland). While they differed in terms of their teachings of the faith they still held one aspect in common. This aspect being the continued belief that Africans were not to be included within their faith communities. Changing attitudes that allowed inclusion of the Africans only emerged with the arrival of the Quakers and the Baptists.

Nowadays we see this to be different as our Caribbean People are given free will to choose which ever religious group whom they want to belong to. Most West Indians are born into the religion of their parents or families. But because of the diversified society we are grown into we are exposed to almost all through various festivals. This gives us a better understanding and appreciation for one’s culture even if we are not a part of it. This increases unity and togetherness, hence for example, the song God Bless our Nation written by Marjorie Padmore, there’s a line which states “we can boast of unity”. In additional there was also the introduction of non-Christian faiths such as Rastafarian, Hinduism and Islam to name a few. As a Muslim girl, myself, I've been a product of diversified Caribbean culture which is a result of colonization.

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Unit 7: Religion and Education in the Formation of Caribbean Society
What is the link between colonialism and education in the Caribbean?
In order to understand the importance of institutionalized education and its spread within the Caribbean one has to realize that education was a potent force for change within the colonial society.  Before emancipation organized education did not exist for the great majority of enslaved people in the Caribbean. This was so because the labour needs of the Caribbean colonies as plantation economies meant that any other activity, including religious or secular education, that attempted to compete for the time of the enslaved would be suppressed. No time was therefore to be allotted to the ‘non-productive’ activities associated with education.

Following the ending of British slavery in 1838, many of the West African-descended families sought to move beyond the confines of plantation agriculture and now officially educate themselves. While seen as a laudable activity one notes, from the outset, that although this move to education was seen as a way forward and out of the limitations of plantation slavery, it also acted as confirmation of the status quo which dictated the values that were to be striven for.

Education thus followed on from Christianity as the markers of respectability and upward mobility. The freed people were now eagerly seeking to attain these ends as well. They did this by enrolling their children in the few available church-run schools while the adults enrolled themselves in adult education facilities run by missionaries in the evenings.

One must note however that although education was now being extended to the masses, the aim of this education was to produce a docile, God fearing Caribbean person who would know his place and not upset the status quo that had the Europeans entrenched at the top.

In general, the times set for the establishment of primary schools in the Caribbean region can be established as the 1840s for the British Caribbean, the 1860s for the French Caribbean and the 1870s for the Dutch Caribbean.
However, the metropolitan bias of these subjects and the English literature, Geography and History taught to the masses, only concretized the idea of the superiority of the metropole and the inferiority and insignificance of the Caribbean colonies. As such education and religion were both fundamental building blocks for the society and for the colonial subjects.

As we can see that too this day most school with the expectation of Government Schools and International school follow a Religious base system at both primary and secondary levels. Therefore, this foundation remained with us throughout the years expanding in subject areas and equal opportunities for gender enrollment.