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Lausanne Conference

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Occupation Of Constantinople

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The treaty named The Armistice Of Mudros is known for ending hostilities between the Ottoman forces and the allied powers, but it is also credited with giving the allied powers nearly full control of the Ottoman capital of Constantinople. During this occupation, the turkish people had to go through harsh conditions and brutality forced upon them by the allied military forces in Constantinople. Most notable of these, was the British attempt to dissolve their form of parliment. They did this as a way to remove nationalists from the political scene but the operation became too messy and afterword the accidental deaths of ten students directly led to the complete destruction of the Ottoman government and started the revolution. Like the students, many others had reportedly resisted the elimination of the nationalistist people and had been killed for doing so. The total death toll is unknown. After having to fight another war and suffer another large amount of casualties, the Ottoman political system was finally revolutionized into modern day turkey, but only after losing immense territory and power in the world scope and again increasing tensions between them and the allies. This is all a direct effect from losing the world war, and while Germany and Austria-Hungary suffered great losses, theirs can't compare to the destruction of an entire government.

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To start, following their defeat, the Ottomans were forced to sign a treaty with the allied powers called the Lausanne Treaty which imposed heavy tariffs on all trade coming to and leaving their country. It also removed strategic trade restrictions that had previously been established as to safeguard the economy. Worst of all, the treaty forced the Ottoman and later Turkish government to pay off their immense debts owed to all allied powers(some had been building up long before the war even started). Unable to comply with any of these requests, the Turkish government needed a way to compromise which the Lausanne Conference was called to action for. At this conference Turkey did in fact decide on a new economic plan to get the country out of debt and bankruptcy in reasonable time. However, because of standing restrictions in the Lausanne Treaty, the economic plan could not go into effect for 5 years (which ended up being 1928, and during the world's great depression). In those 5 years, Turkey's economy competely crumbled only to be led into depression and it was all due to the unnecessary requests and meddling of the allied powers.

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The Ottoman Empire was the biggest loser territoriality of WW1. They lost more territory then what Germany and Austria-Hungary lost combined. The Ottoman Empire lost what is now Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Iraq, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Yemen and a large part of Saudi Arabia . They also lost the eastern part of actual Turkey, given to Armenia, and their last territories in Europe, given to Greece and only keeping the area around Istanbul.

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Socially the Ottoman Empire was ripped to shreds. By the end of the war the Ottoman people were left in a feeling of desolation and despair after seeing all the sacrifice that was made (Ottoman suffered the most civilian deaths of any country in the war [4,200,000]) and the little bit of gain they got from it. The church life in the Empire was greatly affected as well, many people stopped attending church and war-time poets started blaming Germany for bringing them into the war as well.  Along with the anger towards the Germans the younger generations were also growing angrier and angrier towards their elders who sent them to the front lines. Lastly the fact of the war affecting them in general. Being in the front lines terrified most soldiers because of the constant fear that they would be bombarded by artillery or that they had the possibility of going blind from a mustard gas attack.