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In Trinidad and Tobago, one of our main industries and source of income is the Oil and gas industry, However, this industry can have negative impacts on the environment. This industry can pose many problems such as being deadly to marine life as offshore rigs tend to have occasional oil spills which can kill or endanger the lives of animals and destroy their habitats while also affecting the livelihood of fishermen as they cannot fish because the waters are contaminated. Another example of the negative impacts of the oil and gas industry is that oil and gas production are among the main culprits of air pollution, when fossil fuels are burnt they release toxic gases which can trigger respiratory problems such as asthma, different types of cancers etc.

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The oil and Gas Industry:
When drilling for oil and gas, many things can occur that can be harmful to the environment
Example:

The spilling of the oil and gas into the ocean while drilling kills the species and animals that live in the sea as they consume these chemicals which are not made for them to comsume.

Another example:

When drilling in specific areas, habitats that are there will be disrupted as they will be destroyed by the drilling. This also causes lose of animal life.

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Facturies largely contribute to water pollution and air pollution. They illegally dump gases, chemicals and contaminate water. These factories harm our environment killing marine and wild life along with fauna. The pollution overtime changes the chemical composition and the living organisms it can support.
*Our factories are not only to blame*
The products that are produce adds to our cardon footprint if not properly disposed. Our country not having proper waste management protocals for example: the dumbing of garbage into landfills.

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Facturies largely contribute to water pollution and air pollution. They illegally dump gases, chemicals and contaminate water. These factories harm our environment killing marine and wild life along with fauna. The pollution overtime changes the chemical composition and the living organisms it can support.
*Our factories are not only to blame*
The products that are produce adds our cardon footprint if not properly disposed. Our country not having proper waste management protocals for example: the dumbing of garbage into landfills.

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The Tourism Industry

While tourism has many positive impacts on the economy such as bringing in revenue, it also has many negative impacts such as pollution(noise, plastic, sewage) which can lead to destruction of animal habitats and natural landmarks. While tourists may be touring the island or visiting certain destinations they may simply, unknowingly drop their litter in the wrong place, polluting our environment.

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Effects of the petroleum industry on the environment

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Effects of the petroleum industry on the environment

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Petroleum has many uses in our economy, natural gas and crude oil are both raw material sources and primary energy that enable common activities daily Worldwide.
The supply continues to grow over the past years and continues to be a main aspect as a “Need” in the human population.
What the consumer population needs to keep noted is that the natural gas and crude oil generate toxic waste during the extraction, refinement and transportation process such as nitrogen and sulfur compounds and spilled oil which can pollute water, air and soil at harmful levels to life.
It is known that fossil fuel extraction is one of the biggest causes of the build up is carbon compounds in the earth’s biosphere.
Example of the negative effect of the petroleum industry:
- *oil spills*
Oil spills are known killers of wildlife
There was in fact a known occurrence of the explosion of BP’s deep water horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 which killed around 1 million coastal and offshore seabirds, 5000 marine mammals and 1000 sea turtles.
Yes, petroleum is a common source In our economy for contract activities and regulation of the economy, but to be able to save the environment and preserve our economy, we should conserve and minimize waste impacts of petroleum products to effectively achieve better environmental sustainability

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Although Crude Oil and Natural gas have benefits, There are also many more downfalls from this for example :

1. Drilling for Oil can disrupt and destroy habitats in wildlife and some species can be majorly impacted

2. Spilling of Oil can be deadly to animals and in some cases kill off species, making them extinct. For example the explosion of a deepwater horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, the spill covered 68,000 square miles of the sea surface and killed 1 million  coastal and offshore bird species, 5,000  marine animals and 1,000  sea turtles.

3. The Oil and Gas industry causes Air pollution which in turn causes many harmful health problems to humans. Breathing in burnt fossil fuel can trigger respiratory problems such as asthma, cardiovascular diseases and even cancer. It can also cause defects in the birth of children.

4. These emissions contribute to climate change. This burning of oil, coal and gas release carbon dioxide into the air and it can trap unwanted heat in the Earth's atmosphere and is contributing to the drasticall  high surface and sea temperatures. This can cause severe weather, droughts, floods, heat waves and more severe wildfires.

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Although the tourism industry contributes to our economy and increases our popularity due to our various unique bio-diversities, it includes many negative impacts on our country. One of these impacts are littering. When tourist visit different locations in the country, many of them carry various items, most of them are known to be bottled waters and snack packs. During these tours, perhaps, a walk to the waterfall, many of them tend to throw their garbage, polluting the environment. Along with tours to the reefs, many tourist tend to break of corals and keep them as souvenirs. By doing this they damage the corals which impacts many creatures that live there.

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Agriculture has been in use for hundreds of years but as it is useful and beneficial to users, it also has its negative effects.

-Agriculture raises the carbon dioxide levels a great amount.
-Animal waste contains harmful pathogens, eg. Giardia duodenalis, which can cause diseases or infections.
-Fertilizers contain harmful elements which badly effects air and water quality.
-Raises the level of greenhouse gases.
-Deforestation occurs when humans feel that they need more place for their crops and with no trees, places that  were once forests can potentially become deserts.

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Oil Industry's Impact on the Environment.

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Oil Industry's Impact on the Environment.

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Formerly state owned Oil company, Petrotrin, was one of our country's main sources of revenue and provided us with  commodities from cooking gas to gas for our vehicles. However, though the Oil industry has its many useful benefits, its impact on the environment has not been carefully taken in to consideration.
Through the years, numerous oil spills have occurred, when drilling for oil, which have poisoned and destroyed marine wildlife, depleting coastal ecosystems in the process.
Air pollution also takes place, when petroleum refineries release harmful air pollutants, an example being hydrocarbons, that contribute to the pollution.
The quality of air we breathe and our oceans have been greatly polluted and wildlife been endangered and put at risk, due to man's impact.

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most products are usually packaged in non-biodegradable plastics and when humans litter these plastics emit toxic chemical gases which can cause depletion in our ozone layer due to greenhouse gases

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The manufacturing industry in our country causes many negative impacts in our environment, for example, factories contribute to water pollution when they illegally dump contaminated water, chemicals, gases or even radioactive materials into major waterways which causes damage not only to the marine life but also to the environment as a whole. This also affects the quality of the water that we receive in our homes as well as the condition of the seafood we purchase as they may be contaminated from the waste.

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Steel and iron production has a number of impacts on the environment. This includes air emmissions, wastewater contaminants, hazardous wastes and solid wastes.The air emmissions would widely contribute to the greenhouse effect. The waste water contaminants and harzadous waste would be lead into streams, rivers and seas which would then make its way into our drinking water system allowing harmful substances to enter our bodies.

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Farmers use pesticides to kill any pests such as caterpillars or flies from infecting and rotting their food. These harmful pesticides are excessively sprayed and residue of it runs off into the sea from a nearby stream. This causes some of the water to become polluted and causes marine animals to die.
Large cattle farms that have streams close by their cattle cause sewage run-off to occur, which is very dangerous for marine animal life as it is poisonous and not hygienic. The very animals we eat from the sea can ingest these harmful toxins and can affect us as well.

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The agriculture industry is important but there can also be negative impacts that it can have in the environment. Some of such are deforestation - they are degrading the land to convert it to agricultural land. Habitat fragmentation also occurs  this is where large and contiguous habitats are broken up into several smaller habitats after a certain period of time. Climate change also links with deforestation. Climate change occurs because of  the build up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and if we continue  to cut down trees we are getting rid of the main tool that can diminish the excessive build up of carbon dioxide.

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The oil and gas industry- when drilling and pumping  oil, sometimes oil spills occur which causes water pollution and harm to animals.

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An industry that produces and supplies mineral fertilizers, industrial gases and nitrogen chemicals. These products are created and manufactured on land at the Point Lisas Industrial Estate. It’s run-offs goes directly to the major water courses, such as, rivers, swamps and seas. It’s by-products, such as, ammonia creates a negative impact in the environment, people and the animals within its natural habitat. Exposure to these chemicals are longstanding, such as, bronchiolar and alveolar edema. The gases which are continuously emitted into the atmosphere causes air pollution, another factor that depletes the ozone layer causing global warming.

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Point Lisas Industrial Estate- a natural gas to liquids processing facility. The burning of natural gas produces an insignificant amount of sulfur, mercury and carbon dioxide which when released into the atmosphere causes climate change and global warming.

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The oil and gas industry- when manufacturing the crude oil, chemicals are released into the atmosphere causing air pollution.

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PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Refining petroleum can lead to severe air pollution. It releases toxins in the air that are severe to the ecosystem as well as our health. Some of the toxins in petroleum can lead to cancer (carcinogenic) and many other diseases as well. The burning of these gases can increases global warming. The ozone layer that acts as a blanket around the earth also becomes thinner and thinner as these gases are let off into the air. Ozone layer depletion can lead to skin cancer. The ozone layer is very important as it protects the earth from all the harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun.

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Okay girls , I want each student to drop a post in here giving me an example of an industry in Trinidad that causes negative impacts in the environment and briefly  explaining how the consequence is caused. You can get creative and add photos or videos in here !