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How does age affect female fertility? And what role does AMH play?

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Kuidas sõltuvad sündimus ja suremus riigi arengutasemest?

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Kuidas sõltuvad sündimus ja suremus riigi arengutasemest?

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Kuidas mõjutab riigi sündimust ema vanus (esimese) lapse saamisel?

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Kuidas mõjutab riigi sündimust ema vanus (esimese) lapse saamisel?

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Late or delayed pregnancy is very common among the working class women around the world today. Most women get married at an early age but go for years without getting their first pregnancy. While some delayed pregnancies are a result of medical conditions, the majority of delayed pregnancy in women is a personal choice. Education is one of the leading causes of delayed pregnancy since women would want to concentrate on their schooling before they can get their first baby. Women who have jobs that involve a lot of traveling or jobs that consume a lot of their time will probably delay their pregnancy until the job becomes more flexible. Society and social class have also influenced the age a woman gets married and by extension get their first baby. In some countries, a woman's mean age at first birth is as high as 31 years. Some of the countries with the greatest mother's average age at birth include Greece, Australia, South Korea, Japan, and Italy among others.

Greece

Greece is considered the 19th best country in the world to give birth, according to Save the Children. Traditional conservative family values are still unyielding in Greece just like in other Mediterranean countries. Gender inequality in Greece is still very high especially in employment while divorce rate remains low. Fertility levels in women continue to dwindle while most women delay pregnancy until late in their life. With an average of 31.20 years, Greece has the highest average age of attaining the first motherhood. The highest average age is attributed to lack of proper and formal childcare, inflexible working environment and social transformation. These challenges facing women have forced them to make a choice between family and work, but with the crisis in the country, most women settle for work.

Australia

Australia bureau of statistics shows that most women in Australia wait until late in life to become mothers. The number of first mothers aged between 25 and 45 continues to increase every year in the country. In fact, first-time mothers over the age of 40 are more common than teenage mothers. Most women in Australia have their first pregnancy at an average age of 30.50 years. The delay or late pregnancy is attributed to education, employment opportunities, and economic status. As they become empowered, women have considered babies as hindrances in their pursuit of a career, education, and other interests.

South Korea, Japan, Italy

Conservative working environment, inflexible working conditions, and education are holding women in South Korea, Japan, and Italy from becoming mothers. Most women in these countries join motherhood at an average age of 30.30 years. In South Korea, a pregnant woman is considered a burden in some workplaces because someone will have to carry out her duties in her absence. In Italy, apart from the inflexible working conditions, a change in social lifestyle has considerably contributed to delayed motherhood. Most young women see babies as a hindrance to reaching certain social levels.

Most mothers who delay their motherhood have been able to achieve a lot of success in career and education compared to early moms. Their average education levels are higher compared to their age-mates who gave birth at an early age. The older mothers have a lot of time to care for their babies since they have a very little distraction. However, pregnancy risks increase with age with most premature births and Down syndrome common among older mothers.

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Countries With The Oldest Average Mother's Age At First Birth

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Late or delayed pregnancy is very common among the working class women around the world today. Most women get married at an early age but go for years without getting their first pregnancy. While some delayed pregnancies are a result of medical conditions, the majority of delayed pregnancy in women is a personal choice.

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1) sündide arv 1000 elaniku kohta
2) keskmine elussündinud laste arv naise kohta

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1) viljakas eas naiste arv
2) religioon
3) meditsiin
4) väärtushinnangud
5) majanduslikud võimalused
6) turvatunne
7) haridus

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Mille poolest erinevad surma põhjused arenenud riikides ja arengumaades?

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Mille poolest erinevad surma põhjused arenenud riikides ja arengumaades?

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1) surmade arv 1000 elaniku kohta
2) keskmine oodatav eluiga

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Millega seletad seda, et Saksamaa ja Etioopia suremuse üldkordaja on sarnane?

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Millega seletad seda, et Saksamaa ja Etioopia suremuse üldkordaja on sarnane?

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Population pyramids: Powerful predictors of the future - Kim Preshoff

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The truth about women who don't have kids

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Are women who don't want to have kids creating a hellscape for America? Here's the truth about our nation's most stubborn citizens.

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Kuidas mõjutab sündimust teatud vanusgrupis olevate naiste arv riigis?

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Kuidas mõjutab sündimust teatud vanusgrupis olevate naiste arv riigis?

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Low Birth Rates: What Does it Mean?

With a global population of over 7 billion people that continues to rise, it may seem odd to consider that there are countries that experience very low birth rates, and whose populations are actually stagnant or even declining as a result. In reality, however, there are numerous countries, especially across parts of Europe and East Asia, where low birth rates have caused a major decrease in population.

The birth rate, also known as the crude birth rate, evaluates the figure of live births that occur during a given year for every 1,000 members of the population estimated during the same year. Natural change, then, is determined is by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate, leaving a change in population that is not due to immigration or emigration.

Germany and Bosnia are two such European countries characterized by exceptionally low birth rates. As mentioned, low birth rates affect not only countries in Europe, as East Asia has also experienced low rates within such countries as Japan and South Korea.

The major factors that contribute to this trend are high costs of living, increased opportunities for women, and other factors such as an aging population. The economic structure could suffer if such trends are continued, as older, retired populations grow larger than younger, employed producers. We will see how costs are affecting birth rates globally, as well as how this factor can cause economies to become damaged.

Economic Causes

One of the factors that has the potential to foster low birth rates in a country is the cost of raising a child there. Many parents expect the fact that the educational needs of their children are requisites that must be met in order to secure their offspring's future. Striving to equip the next generation with the knowledge necessary to become a well-rounded individual and contribute to the greater good of society as a whole can prove to be an expensive endeavor. Simply put, the better educated a person is, the greater their chances of success in life will be. For this reason, couples lacking the finances to ensure the pedagogic needs of their children may avoid becoming pregnant altogether.

Economic Consequences

As we continue to see a decrease in the populations of many countries with low birth rates, there is increasing concern for the future economic growth of a country. One troubling consideration arises from the realization that fewer people will be able to join the workforce in coming years. Without adequate numbers of people to fill positions within certain occupations, then a decrease in the overall productive capacity of a country is likely to occur. Additionally, low birth rates mean a smaller younger population relative to the elderly. Within the framework of social welfare programs common among many developed countries, this will mean the less numerous working young will be strained to support the financial needs of a relatively larger population of elderly retirees.

Prospects for the Future

While it seems that the dense, yet still growing, global population will increasingly strain our resources, there are still countries experiencing unique problems caused by the exact opposite. Each country on this planet is a vital part to the world as a whole, and a steady population is essential for the ideas, visions, and dreams of those countries' peoples to live on. With the proper attention directed towards problems they face because of low birth rates, the situation can be mended for a brighter future.

The numbers in the graph below are from the World Bank.

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Lowest Birth Rates In The World By Country

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With a global population of over 7 billion people that continues to rise, it may seem odd to consider that there are countries that experience very low birth rates, and whose populations are actually stagnant or even declining as a result.