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Latest US news, world news, sports, business, opinion, analysis and reviews from the Guardian, the world's leading liberal voice

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World Food Day: Must-Watch Documentaries

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World Food Day: Must-Watch Documentaries

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World Food Day [Al Jazeera]

Every day, one in nine people around the world go hungry. That's more than 820 million people who do not have enough food to support a healthy, productive lifestyle - despite the fact that the world produces enough food to feed every single one of us.

On October 16, 1945, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) was established. The organisation's logo is a blade of wheat and its Latin motto, "fiat panis", translates to "let there be bread"; an apt representation of the work the FAO has undertaken since its inception, with the lead focus of eliminating world hunger.

For almost four decades, October 16 has been celebrated to raise awareness of the FAO's main working areas, including building sustainable agriculture and fishery industries, eliminating poverty, implementing inclusive agriculture foundations and the aforementioned goal of reducing, and eventually abolishing malnutrition, food insecurity and hunger.

To mark World Food Day, Al Jazeera looks back at some of our most memorable food-related documentaries, from the celebration of the intrinsically-linked relationship between food and culture to the problems with inflation on the most basic of foodstuffs and the politics of food in the heart of conflict zones.

A Taste of Conflict: The Politics of Food in Jerusalem

The ancient city of Jerusalem is sacred to three different faiths: For Jews, it is the site of their first holy temple, for Christians, it is the scene of Jesus Christ's death and resurrection and for Muslims, it is the location of the Prophet Muhammad's ascent to heaven.

A site of vast historical and religious significance, this beautiful city is also a tragic one - fought over for centuries and coveted by millions who have never set foot in it. It is at the heart of the ongoing and seemingly unsolvable Israeli-Palestinian conflict and everything there is overshadowed by politics.

In the struggle for the soul of a city, even food - a marker of identity, an expression of history, culture, and values - plays a part, and the roots of certain foods are fiercely debated. For Palestinians, denied a state and with a national identity which is constantly undermined, food plays an even greater role in defining who they are.

Part of our Street Food series, this film looks into whether food really can help to bridge political and religious divides.

South Korea: Kimchi Crazy

Each night BJ Fitness Fairy eats enough for three people in front of a webcam watched by thousands of viewers. She is one of thousands who are a part of this culinary e-commerce mania.

Critics say this bizarre trend is a symptom of widespread unhappiness and a rise of one-person households in South Korea. They believe it's also a consequence of the government's fanatic push to use food as a band-aid after decades of conflict and colonisation.

But the country's love of food is also changing gender stereotypes. Cooking shows are inspiring men to enter the kitchen.

Al Jazeera's 101 East gets a taste of South Korea's dietary craze and poses the question: has the country's love of food transformed into an unhealthy obsession?

Hungry for Change: New York's Food Insecurity Crisis

Food is at the core of human survival - it can be at the heart of a family's traditions and the key to a nation's cultural identity.

It has also been the source of war, conflict and devastation. Natural disasters can wipe out the food supply of an entire country.

But what happens when you live in the largest economy in the world, where food is ever abundant and yet you may still go to bed at night hungry?

In this film, we follow a 19-year-old homeless Nigerian immigrant on a journey through New York City to reveal what it means to be truly food insecure in the land of plenty.

India: The Republic of Hunger

In 2012, more than 40 percent of India's 61 million children were considered malnourished, prompting then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to declare the problem a "national shame".

A report from the same year revealed that levels were twice that of sub-Saharan Africa, making every third malnourished child in the world an Indian.

India has one of the fastest-growing economies in the world and runs one of the largest child feeding programmes. But critics say only a fraction of aid reaches the needy.

In this film, 101 East travels to India and asks what the country is doing to feed its millions.

Ghana: Food for Thought

According to the World Food Programme (WFP), in 2014 four out of 10 children under the age of five in northern Ghana were chronically malnourished, meaning they would not be able to meet their full growth potential. Some of them, to put it even more starkly, will die for lack of food.

This is why, despite its sunnier long-term economical prospects - mostly revolving around the discovery of oil in 2010 - Ghana still receives tens of millions of dollars worth of food aid from the international community.

But while these generous annual donations, from the WFP and others, are carefully calculated to provide sustenance to all those in dire need, somehow they never prove to be enough.

So what happens to all the food that is donated? Are the deficits merely the consequence of some bureaucratic hold-up in the supply chain or are there more sinister forces at work?

In this Africa Investigates film, Ghanaian journalist Anas Aremeyaw Anas sets out in search of the answers and unveils a truly shocking tale of theft and corruption.

Istanbul: Turkish Cuisine at a Crossroads

Istanbul sits at the point of intersection between Europe and Asia and its food has been heavily influenced by its rich history and traditions: the palace food from the Ottoman times, the Armenian and Greek influences and that from Anatolia.

Although Istanbul is often visited for its past, it's very much a modern metropolis. In a buzzing city with 14 million inhabitants, the food scene is also booming. Twenty-five percent of the city's population is employed one way or another in the food business and many young people are creating opportunities for themselves from its rich gastronomic history.

Part of our AJEats series, this film explores how food became such a strong part of the culture, and what the future holds for Istanbul's food lovers in a world of fast food and mass production.

Egypt: On the Breadline

Bread is a matter of life and death in Egypt. It's a recognised staple in the diets of most Egyptians and its demand and supply have major social and political implications.

The former Nasser, Sadat and Mubarak governments all grappled with decreasing production and increased demand - and the Sisi government has pledged to end corruption as a whole, including in the wheat industry. So, in 2014, it introduced a smart card-based subsidy programme aimed at helping those most in need.

The government claims that the new programme has helped to save three-quarters of a million dollars a year. Critics say it has simply increased fraud by enabling bakers to falsify receipts and request far more subsidised flour than they actually sell, costing the country millions of dollars a year.

How is Egypt's wheat problem likely to play out for those most affected by it? This 2016 Al Jazeera World film investigates the state of Egypt as it sits on the breadline.

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World Food Day: Must-Watch Documentaries

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Every day, one in nine people around the world go hungry. That's more than 820 million people who do not have enough food to support a healthy, productive lifestyle - despite the fact that the world produces enough food to feed every single one of us.

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The colossal African solar farm that could power Europe

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The colossal African solar farm that could power Europe

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We visit a vast power plant at the door to the Moroccan desert that is helping to define the energy future of the world.
The minibus crosses the vast plateau on a newly paved road. Cracked fields stretch away towards the Moroccan desert to the south. Yet the barren landscape is no longer quite as desolate as it once was. This year it became home to one of the world's biggest solar power plants.

Hundreds of curved mirrors, each as big as a bus, are ranked in rows covering 1,400,000 sq m (15m sq ft) of desert, an area the size of 200 football fields. The massive complex sits on a sun-blasted site at the foot of the High Atlas mountains, 10km (6 miles) from Ouarzazate - a city nicknamed the door to the desert. With around 330 days of sunshine a year, it's an ideal location.

As well as meeting domestic needs, Morocco hopes one day to export solar energy to Europe. This is a plant that could help define Africa's - and the world's - energy future.

Of course, on the day I visit the sky is covered in clouds. "No electricity will be produced today," says Rachid Bayed at the Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy (Masen), which is responsible for implementing the flagship project.

An occasional off day is not a concern, however. After many years of false starts, solar power is coming of age as countries in the sun finally embrace their most abundant source of clean energy. The Moroccan site is one of several across Africa and similar plants are being built in the Middle East - in Jordan, Dubai and Saudi Arabia. The falling cost of solar power has made it a viable alternative to oil even in the most oil-rich parts of the world.

Noor 1, the first phase of the Moroccan plant, has already surpassed expectations in terms of the amount of energy it has produced. It is an encouraging result in line with Morocco's goal to reduce its fossil fuel bill by focusing on renewables while still meeting growing energy needs that are increasing by about 7% per year. Morocco's stable government and economy has helped it secure funding: the European Union contributed 60% of the cost for the Ouarzazate project, for example.

The country plans to generate 14% of its energy from solar by 2020 and by adding other renewable sources like wind and water into the mix, it is aiming to produce 52% of its own energy by 2030. This puts Morocco more or less in line with countries like the UK, which wants to generate 30% of its electricity from renewables by the end of the decade, and the US, where President Obama set a target of 20% by 2030. (Trump has threatened to dump renewables, but his actions may not have a huge impact. Many policies are controlled by individual states and big companies have already started to switch to cleaner and cheaper alternatives.)

Due to the lack sun on the day I visit, the hundreds of mirrors stand still and silent. The team keeps a close eye on weather forecasts to predict output for the following day, allowing other sources of energy to take over when it is overcast.

But normally the reflectors can be heard as they move together to follow the Sun like a giant field of sunflowers. The mirrors focus the Sun's energy onto a synthetic oil that flows through a network of pipes. Reaching temperatures up to 350C (662F), the hot oil is used to produce high-pressure water vapour that drives a turbine-powered generator. "It's the same classic process used with fossil fuels, except that we are using the Sun's heat as the source," says Bayed.

The plant keeps generating energy after sunset, when electricity demands peak. Some of the day's energy is stored in reservoirs of superhot molten salts made of sodium and potassium nitrates, which keeps production going for up to three hours. In the next phase of the plant, production will continue for up to eight hours after sunset.

As well as boosting Morocco's power production, the Ouarzazate project is helping the local economy. Around 2,000 workers were hired during the initial two years of construction, many of them Moroccan. Roads built to provide access to the plant have also connected nearby villages, helping children get to school. Water brought in for the site has been piped beyond the complex, hooking up 33 villages to the water grid.

Masen has also helped farmers in the area by teaching them sustainable practices. Heading towards the mountains, I visit the Berber village of Asseghmou, 30 miles (48 kilometres) north of Ouarzazate, where a small farm has now changed the way it raises ewes. Most farmers here rely on their intuition alone but they are being introduced to more reliable techniques -such as simply separating animals in their pens - which are improving yields. Masen also provided 25 farms with sheep for breeding purposes. "I now have better food security," says Chaoui, who runs a local farm. And his almond tree is thriving thanks to cultivation tips.

Even so, some locals have concerns. Abdellatif, who lives in the city of Zagora about 75 miles (120 kilometres) further south, where there are high rates of unemployment, thinks that the plant should focus on creating permanent jobs. He has friends who were hired to work there but they were only on contract for a few months. Once fully operational, the station will only require about 50 to 100 employees so the job boom may end. "The components of the plant are manufactured abroad but it would be better to produce them locally to generate ongoing work for residents," he says.

A bigger issue is that the solar plant draws a massive amount of water for cleaning and cooling from the local El Mansour Eddahbi dam. In recent years, water scarcity has been a problem in the semi-desert region and there are water cuts. Agricultural land further south in the Draa valley depends on water from the dam, which is occasionally released into the otherwise-dry river. But Mustapha Sellam, the site manager, claims that the water used by the complex amounts to 0.5% of the dam's supply, which is negligible compared to its capacity.

Still, the plant's consumption is enough to make a difference to struggling farmers. So the plant is making improvements to reduce the amount of water it uses. Instead of relying on water to clean the mirrors, pressurised air is used. And whereas Noor 1 uses water to cool the steam produced by the generators, so that it can be turned back into water and reused to produce more electricity, a dry cooling system that uses air will be installed.

These new sections of the plant are currently being built. Noor 2 will be similar to the first phase, but Noor 3 will experiment with a different design. Instead of ranks of mirrors it will capture and store the Sun's energy with a single large tower, which is thought to be more efficient.

Seven thousand flat mirrors surrounding the tower will all track and reflect the sun's rays towards a receiver at the top, requiring much less space than existing arrangement of mirrors. Molten salts filling the interior of the tower will capture and store heat directly, doing away with the need for hot oil.

Similar systems are already used in South Africa, Spain and a few sites in the US, such as California's Mojave desert and Nevada. But at 86ft (26m) tall, Ouarzazate's recently erected structure is the highest of its kind in the world.

Other plants in Morocco are already underway. Next year construction will begin at two sites in the south-west, near Laayoune and Boujdour, with plants near Tata and Midelt to follow.

The success of these plants in Morocco - and those in South Africa - may encourage other African countries to turn to solar power. South Africa is already one of the world's top 10 producers of solar power and Rwanda is home to east Africa's first solar plant, which opened in 2014. Large plants are being planned for Ghana and Uganda.

Africa's sunshine could eventually make the continent a supplier of energy to the rest of the world. Sellam has high hopes for Noor. "Our main goal is to become energy-independent but if one day we are producing a surplus we could supply other countries too," he says. Imagine recharging your electric car in Berlin with electricity produced in Morocco.

With the clouds set to lift in Ouarzazate, Africa is busy planning for a sunny day.
If you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called "If You Only Read 6 Things This Week". A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Earth, Culture, Capital, Travel and Autos, delivered to your inbox every Friday.

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The colossal African solar farm that could power Europe

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We visit a vast power plant at the door to the Moroccan desert that is helping to define the energy future of the world.

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Consumer acceptance of technology-based food innovations: Lessons for the future of nutrigenomics

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Consumer acceptance of technology-based food innovations: Lessons for the future of nutrigenomics

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Abstract

Determinants of consumer adoption of innovations have been studied from different angles and from the perspectives of various disciplines. In the food area, the literature is dominated by a focus on consumer concern. This paper reviews previous research into acceptance of technology-based innovation from both inside and outside the food domain, extracts key learnings from this literature and integrates them into a new conceptual framework for consumer acceptance of technology-based food innovations. The framework distinguishes 'distal' and 'proximal' determinants of acceptance. Distal factors (characteristics of the innovation, the consumer and the social system) influence consumers' intention to accept an innovation through proximal factors (perceived cost/benefit considerations, perceptions of risk and uncertainty, social norm and perceived behavioural control). The framework's application as a tool to anticipate consumer reaction to future innovations is illustrated for an actual technology-based innovation in food science, nutrigenomics (the interaction between nutrition and human genetics).

View full text

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Consumer acceptance of technology-based food innovations: Lessons for the future of nutrigenomics

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Determinants of consumer adoption of innovations have been studied from different angles and from the perspectives of various disciplines. In the food area, the literature is dominated by a focus on consumer concern.

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Welcome back to Instagram. Sign in to check out what your friends, family & interests have been capturing & sharing around the world.

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Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

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Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

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Always forget to buy something every time in the supermarket? Write them down!

Can't remember what you've done when preparing weekly report? TickTick can help!

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Always forget to buy something every time in the supermarket? Write them down! Can't remember what you've done when preparing weekly report? TickTick can help! Want to learn some new skills? Build your schedule easily with TickTick!

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Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

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Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

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Microsoft To Do is a task management app to help you stay organized and manage your day-to-day. You can use Microsoft To Do to make shopping lists or task lists, take notes, record collections, plan an event, or set reminders to increase your productivity and focus on what matters to you. Microsoft To Do makes it easy to stay organized and manage your life.

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By installing Microsoft To Do, you agree to the Microsoft Terms of Use: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=842575

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Microsoft To Do: List, Task & Reminder - Apps on Google Play

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Microsoft To Do is a task management app to help you stay organized and manage your day-to-day. You can use Microsoft To Do to make shopping lists or task lists, take notes, record collections, plan an event, or set reminders to increase your productivity and focus on what matters to you.

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100 Wallpapers With Motivational Quotes. Available for download in high resolution.

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Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

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Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

# data[].attributes.headline
Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

# data[].attributes.subject
Tools and applications that help you get things done and increase your productivity

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Stay Focused - App Block & Website Block is a Self Control, Productivity and App Usage tracker app which helps you focus by restricting the usage of blocked apps or blocked sites or overall phone based on Daily / Hourly Usage Limit / Limit on Number of launches / Specified Time Intervals and Limit on Screen Unlocks.
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Stay Focused - App Block & Website Block is a easy to use productivity app that works as a App Usage Tracker, App Blocker and Website Blocker. In addition to being a phone usage tracker and app blocker you can:

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Permissions required:
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PRIVACY:
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Email us at gaurav@innoxapps.com in case of any issues, bugs, suggestions or to help translate

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Stay Focused - App Block & Website Block - Apps on Google Play

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Stay Focused - App Block & Website Block is a Self Control, Productivity and App Usage tracker app which helps you focus by restricting the usage of blocked apps or blocked sites or overall phone based on Daily / Hourly Usage Limit / Limit on Number of launches / Specified Time Intervals and Limit on Screen Unlocks.

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Hi. My name is Chris Hintsala and I want to help you learn English in the easiest and most natural way. Study with me and post your answers so I can correct them. Learn English Efficiently so you can Communicate Easily. Go from 0 English to Speaking quickly!