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No unit involved for strain

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Experiment to determine Young's Modulus of a wire.

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Experiment to determine Young's Modulus of a wire.

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1) The initial length of the copper wire is measured using metre rule and recorded. The
2) The apparatus is set up as shown in diagram.
3) The load is added gradually and the extension for each added mass is measured and recorded.
4) The weight (force) of the mass is recorded using spring balance and is recorded.
5) The stress is obtained from formula force/area.
6) The strain is obtained from formula extension/initial length
7) A graph of stress against strain is plotted and the Young's modulus is obtained from the gradient of the graph.

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The plastic limit occurs when the material reaches the maximum plastic deformation known also as the breaking point.

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The maximum extent to which a solid may be stretched without permanent alteration of size or shape

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Elastic potential energy = Work done (Area under graph)

Elastic potential energy relates to the elastic part of the graph (up to the elastic limit)

So we can only consider the force-extension graph up to the elastic limit

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Stress is the measure of the force required to cause deformation.

Strain is the measure of the degree of deformation.

The ratio of stress to strain is known as Young's modulus. Elastic modulus defines the amount of force required per unit deformation.

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F=kx

It states that, extension is directly proportional to the applied force.This applies to an object's deformation only before the elastic limit; from then on it deforms plastically and no longer follows this law.