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https://kidshelpline.com.au/teens/issues/bullying
https://bullyingnoway.gov.au/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_bullying
https://www.education.vic.gov.au/about/programs/bullystoppers/Pages/what.aspx
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/bullies.html

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https://www.ncab.org.au is the link to the National Centre Against Bullying. This website is an information and support page for parents, friends and children being bullied, focusing on all three types of bullying, as well as cyberbullying. The website aims to provide education to both children and adults about bullying, and how it can be dealt with. Anybody can use the website, as it is intended both for preventing and stopping bullying. This website could assist a young person by helping them identifying their situation as bullying, by giving tips on how to deal with it, and by being able to be showed to their parents to gain their support.

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Actions the victim could take to stay safe

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Actions the victim could take to stay safe

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In this clip, the bystanders eventually begin to help the victim- however, this doesn't always happen in real life. Here are two things the victim could do to keep themselves safe.
1) Walk away
They could just turn around, ignore the bullies and leave the area. Often, this actually works surprisingly well. It's not a long-term solution (ignoring something doesn't usually make it go away), but in the moment it can make the victim immediately safer and more secure.
2) Tell the bully to stop
This will not always work, but often telling the bully in an assertive manner that you don't like it and they need to stop can have a profound effect. It can take them off guard and make them wary of confronting you again, as it is a lot easier to bully somebody who doesn't fight back.

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In this scenario, the victim would probably be feeling scared, embarrassed and alone. The bullies have actually taken to physical violence, and everybody around seems to be taking their side, even joining in on videoing the bullying as it's happening. As the story progresses, this would change. By the end of the clip, she would be feeling relieved and more supported, and maybe now strong enough to turn her anger into bravery.

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This clip has a fairly simple story. In what appears to be a schoolyard, three girls are verbally bullying and videoing one other. Around the yard, other kids start videoing the bullying and laughing. The girl being bullied goes to stop them, but the leader of the three girls pushes her over and keeps videoing. However, one of the girls who was watching gets up and stands in between the victim and the bullies. At first she is alone, but then others see and join her- and in the end, the victim gets up and face the bully, and even appears to reconcile with her.

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Bystanders can help greatly in a situation where another person is being bullied. Here are some ways this can be displayed.
1) Intervene
Step in. If the situation is safe for you to do so, interrupt the bully, tell them to stop, and walk away with the victim. If they want to talk about it, let them, but otherwise try to distract them from it and make them feel better. This is a great act of solidarity and can help to deter further bullying in the future.
2) Tell somebody
If the situation doesn't feel safe for you to step in directly, go find a teacher or another trusted adult, and tell them what's going on. Let them know who's involved, what's happening and bring them to the spot. They have a much better chance of stopping it and making sure the bully is held accountable. They will also be able to make sure the victim gets the support they need.

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What are bystanders... and why do they matter?

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What are bystanders... and why do they matter?

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Bystanders are the people who see or are within close proximity of bullying when it occurs. Often, they are not involved in any way- but sometimes they are. Bystanders might laugh, clap, take photos or join in on the bullying, and these are all behaviours that have a huge negative detriment on the person/group being bullied. However, it's not always like this. Bystanders might stay silent, or simply walk away, which can be taken either way by the person being bullied, although often it shows opposition to the bully. Alternatively, the bystander might show active solidarity to the victim, and this is greatly beneficial. Essentially, the actions of bystanders is always observed by both the bully and the victim, and impacts on the behaviour and feelings of both. A bystander helping the victim could make the bully back off and the victim feel safe, while a bystander supporting the bully would encourage them and make the victim feel alone and helpless.

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Verbal bullying includes teasing, name-calling, shouting, verbal harassment,  being rude, mean and/or toxic to a person or groups verbally. This type of bullying often intersects with social bullying, and is used by a person or group to belittle, criticise and denounce their victims.  

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Physical bullying is punching, pinching, kicking, poking, shoving, slapping, tripping or any other form of repeated  physical violence. In these scenarios, a person or group of people use their superior physical power to intentionally harm another person or group of people.

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Social bullying is lying, rumours and gossip-spreading. A person/group may also be intentionally excluded, or "frozen-out" by another person or group. This subcategory of bullying includes cyberbullying, where the bullying occurs online, on social media or through text.

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Bullying is defined by the repeated, ongoing, intentional misuse of power by an individual or group to cause harm toward another person or group. Bullying can be social, physical or verbal.