# data[].attributes.body
Guantánamo

# data[].attributes.body
*1917
†1963
-35th president of the United States
-youngest (44y/o) and first catholic president
-presidency: 1961-1963
-short presidency but many important problems (cuban crisis, berlin wall ("Ich bin ein Berliner"-JFK),...)
-22nd Nov 1963: he got shot during his election campaign in Dallas
-the culprit (Lee Harvey Oswald) got shot two days later
-JFK was one of the most adored presidents of the USA; the assassination shook the USA and plunged the populatoin into deep grief

# data[].attributes.body
- *1929
- killed in 1968 by a white racist
- American Christian minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the Civil Rights Movement from 1955
- inspired by his Christian beliefs
- best known for advancing civil rights and fighting against racism without violence
- got the Nobel Peace Prize
-  made a speech about his dreams and visions of a society in which every individual is respected whatever its skincolour is (title of the speech: "I have a dream")
- emboldens many people (especially black people) to take a stand for civil rights
- supported the Montgomery bus boycott

# data[].attributes.body
- she is a famous black civil - rights activists
- 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama: Bus was separate for white and black people, but there was a middle row which seats had to be clear if a white person wanted to sit there -> this happened to Parks, but she didn’t give the white man her seat, so she got arrested
-MLK organized Montgomery Bus Boykott (first black civil rights movement) against separation
- Rosa became target of threats and constant calls but also one of the most important warrior of black history
- 1983: Part of  Michigan Women’s Hall of Fame

# data[].attributes.body
The American Dream
The American Dream was the dream of moving to America and living the dream. It is the idea of the possibility to reach every goal.

# data[].attributes.body
- First manned landing on the 20th of July 1969
- American mission called "Apollo 11"
- First step on the moon by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
- in the following 3 years after Apollo 11 there were 5 more successful manned moon landings

# data[].attributes.body
creationism: belief that god created the world like it stands in genesis (1. moses)
- until mid of the 19th century the creationism was usual but since then the evolution was established as a scientific fact
- until now this controversy is a big theological debate in America and is part of the cultural war

# data[].attributes.body
- streetculture and art movement
- includes Rap, Beatbox,  Breakdance, Graffiti
- genre of popular music
- developed in the US by inner-city African Americans and Latino Americans
=> in the Bronx of New York
City in the 1970s
=> poor district
->people want to express their opinions with that - won't be heard
- typical instruments: turntables, DJ mixer, drum machine, music sequencer, synthesizer
- famous artists: Beyoncé, Lil Wayne, Tupac, Wiz Khalifa

# data[].attributes.body
-American white supremacist hate group from South America
-target: African Americans and the people protecting them, Republicans (North Americans)
-Anti immigration, anti-communism, anti-catholicism, antisemitism, anti-Islam, anti-LGBTQ+
-3 different Klans ("eras")
-first Clan 1860s-1872, founded in Tennessee on December 24
-Second 1915-1944 in Georgia (about 3 to 6 million members - > peak?)
-1946 until now (about 5thousand members)

# data[].attributes.body
On the 11th September of 2001, two planes flew into the Twin Towers and a third one into Pentagon. 2977 people were killed.

There are three main groups accused for carrying out the attack:

Al-Qaida:
- It's a radical islamic terrorist organization which leader was Osama Bin Laden (Most wanted terrorist after 9/11 attacks)
- People claim that they attacked the USA to show strength and stop America of having influence on the Middle East

American government:
- Many people say that the American government did 9/11, especially George Bush, the former President of the USA. It's said that USA did the attack to legally attack Iraq, resulting in hijacking of oil and other resources

Jewish businessmen:
- A man named Larry Silverstein owned the Twin Towers, which he had insured against terrorist attacks 6 weeks prior to the attack. After this he had a very big revenue in insurance returns. Weirdly enough Larry S. came to WTC everyday but suddenly had an appointment at his doctor at the tragic day.

# data[].attributes.body
- the Roaring Twenties refer to the decade of the 1920s, which was the aftermath of the First World War
- they were mostly celebrated in America but additionally in parts of France (especially Paris) and Germany (especially Berlin)
-  this decade was also widely influenced by:

Ernest Hemingway

-> author of "the man and the  sea"

Zelda and F. Scott Fitzgerald

-> author of "the Great Gatsby"
and

Getrude Stein

-> a novelist, poet, playwright and        art collector
- but besides them, are the Roaring Twenties most known for:

the growth of cities, which occurred together with the rise of a consumer culture, as a result of the industrial and economical growth

Jazz ( -> which led to the name "Jazz Age)

Bootleggers

raccoon coats

flappers

bathtub gin

flagpole sitters

marathon sitters

and remarkably big, overwhelming parties

- additionally, were the Roaring Twenties the time of the "Harlem Renaissance", a social, cultural and artistic movement, lead by African-American authors and artists
- as well, started the "First-wave feminism" to gain followers

# data[].attributes.body
- American politician and attorney
- served as the 44th president of the USA ( 2009 - 2017 )
Obama's life:
- born in Honolula, Hawaii
- graduated from Columbia University 1983
- was community organizer, civil rights attorney and academic, teaching at the University of Chicago Law School ( 1992 - 2004 )
- after that he turned to elective politics, received national attention -> was nominated for president

- won Nobel Peace Prize in 2009
- increased US troop levels in Afghanistan
- reduced nuclear weapons
- was reelected