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Unfair distribution of advantage examples:

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Unfair distribution of advantage examples:

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When it comes to understanding advantages and disadvantages in American society, the books Stamped by Jason Reynolds and Ibram X Kendi and Do I Dare Disturb the Universe? From the Projects to Prep School by Charlise Lyles, highlight the unfair distribution of advantage related to poverty, unequal rights, and racism black people had to endure.

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Black people were imprisoned far more than whites even when commiting the same crime. This is an example of unfair advantage because Blacks in turn end up spending more time in prison for crimes such as theft or felony compared to whites. The author explains, "Mass incarceration of Black people, even though White people and Black people were selling and using drugs at similar rates" (Reynolds and Kendi, 205).

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The lives of white and black teenagers can be very different, especially when the factor of education comes into play. The idea of "different worlds" are explained by Lyles, by saying, "Upon graduation, we would be expected to file into two different worlds: for Hawkenites, a lifetime of legacy, wealth, and white-collar work; for most Kennard kids, a lifetime of blue-collar labor and earned wages.” (Lyles 214) With the education Lyles and her classmates at Hawken received, they were able to boost themselves into successful careers. However, with the unjust separation in race, many of her old classmates don't have as good of lives because of the almost inevitable poverty racial segregation brings.

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In metaphorical terms, racism has been compared to a drug which sets black people at an unfair disadvantage and builds up the self-esteem of other majority groups who 'consume' it. “The most addictive drug known to America. Racism. It causes wealth, an inflated sense of self, and hallucinations." (Reynolds and Kendi, 204) This metaphorical comparison between racism and drugs highlights the reason why unfair advantage is so damaging.

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Racist policies in America established by many different political leaders like Thomas Jefferson are  some of the main contributions to systemic racism. "Ignorant and hateful people had produced racist ideas, and these racist people had instituted racist policies." (Reynolds and Kendi, xiii) Unfortunately throughout history it wasn't uncommon for important historical figures to produce racist and ignorant ideas, which perpetuated systemic racism.

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Black people were categorized with unbearable terms just because of the color of their skin. These weren't terms directed to any other race. As stated by the author, "Black people were symbols, animals, ideas to be feared" (Reynolds and Kendi, 149).

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Theories were created toward Black people that they weren't intelligent or sharp, but that it was part of their heredity or that they were born with it. This wasn't the case for many which gave an excuse for white people's mistakes. The author states, "Like, the reason Black people were good wasn't because of practice and hard work, but because they were born with it" (Reynolds and Kendi 130).

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Throughout history, black people were not given the same equal rights as others. During Lincoln's last year of presidency in 1865, "he delivered his plans for reconstruction. And in that plan, he said what no president had ever said before him - that Blacks (the intelligent ones) should have the right to vote. No wonder he was shot in the back of the head." (Reynolds and Kendi, 105) The unjust and unequal behavior black people fought against for centuries was displayed when this act of terrorism against Lincoln who began to advocate for equal rights, occurred.

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Lyles was a fish out of water when she attended Hawken as she was among the privileged white people. She writes, “Stumbling, falling, and getting back up again, day after day, I struggled to meet the standards of Hawken School, even though I have been denied by virtue of race and class many of the tools necessary to ride to those standards.” (Lyles 216). Because of her background and childhood, Lyles was set back from rising to the top at Hawken, as all of the white kids had bee going to a private school their entire lives. She explains how she "struggled to meet the standards" that Hawken has set, but it was because as a black girl living in the projects, she did not have the opportunities to rise to the standards thrown in her face.

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In America, a task as simple as driving might be nothing to a white person, but to an African-American, it could mean their life.  Even as kids, they are subjected to this type of racism. Lyles writes of the dynamics between Hawken and her life back home saying, "A small pack of Hawken students notorious for Saturday-night keg parties and smoking marijuana in the woods behind the school went unpunished- But in Cleveland, kids in my neighborhood were arrested for drug possession and held in stark, cold juvenile detention centers for months" (Lyles 240). White people have more privilege to do more things than black people, and this is because of the racism in our country.