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First Aid is the immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly taken ill before professional medical help becomes available.

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1. Calm – Able to stay relaxed and think clearly, even in emergencies.

2. Focused – Pays attention to what needs to be done and avoids distractions.

3. Observant – Notices important details about the injured person and the environment.

4. Compassionate – Shows care and concern for the person who is hurt.

5. Respectful – Treats the injured person with dignity and kindness.

6. Confident – Trusts their own knowledge and skills to take action.

7. Quick but Careful – Acts fast when needed, but always in a safe and thoughtful way.

8. Knowledgeable – Has the right information and knows the steps to give proper first aid.

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RICE is a basic first aid technique used to treat sprains, strains, and other minor muscle injuries.

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RICE stands for:

R – Rest: Stop any activity that could worsen the injury. Let the affected area rest.

I – Ice: Apply a cold compress or ice pack wrapped in a towel to reduce swelling.

C – Compression: Use an elastic bandage to wrap the injured area (not too tight) to help reduce swelling.

E – Elevation: Raise the injured part above heart level to minimize swelling and pain.

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DRABC is a systematic approach used when encountering a collapsed or unconscious person. It ensures safety and proper assessment before giving CPR or further aid.

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DRABC stands for:

D – Danger: Ensure the area is safe for you and the victim.

R – Response: Tap the shoulders and ask loudly, “Are you okay?”

A – Airway: Gently tilt the head back and lift the chin to open the airway.

B – Breathing: Look, listen, and feel for breathing for no more than 10 seconds.

C – Circulation: Check for signs of circulation like movement, coughing, or pulse. If absent, call emergency services and begin CPR if trained.

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Instructions:

1. Form groups of 4–5 students.

1 injured victim (with either a sprain or unconscious condition)

1–2 responders (first aiders)

1–2 observers (to evaluate using a checklist)

2. Create two scenarios per group:

Scenario A: A classmate sprained their ankle during P.E.

Apply RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Scenario B: A person collapsed and is unresponsive.

Apply DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation

3. Perform the simulation one scenario at a time.

4. Rotate roles so each student gets to experience being a first aider.

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At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. identify the steps of the RICE and DRABC first aid procedures;

b. demonstrate the proper application of the RICE and DRABC during simulation activity; and

c. value the importance of first aid knowledge by showing readiness to help during emergency situation.