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Thomas Dwight is known as the father of forensic anthropology. Forensic anthropology is the study of human skeletal remains for law enforcement agencies.

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Eduard Piotrowski examined the origin, shape, direction, and distributions of blood stains. He published articles on blood stain patterns which led to the foundation of blood spatter analysis.

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DNA phenotyping is a method that uses biological evidence found at crimes scenes to predict a persons appearance. This was first done in 2017.

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Henry H. Goddard was a British police officer and was the first person to use physical analysis on a bullet and solve a murder case.

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Edmond Locard was a forensic criminologist who became known as "Sherlock Holmes" and formulated the basic principle of forensic science, "every contact leaves a trace"

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Fortunato Fidelis was an Italian surgeon who studied diseases and laid the foundation to modern pathology. He closely studied the human body and the effects of diseases.

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Mathieu Orfila is known as the father of toxicology. He developed several methods for detecting poison. He also helped develop tests to help reveal the presence of blood, and was one of the first people to use a microscope to asses blood and semen.

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Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the first to discover chemical elements such as barium, manganese, and tungsten. He also developed a chemical test that allowed for the detection of arsenic in corpses.

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John Hick found that hair specimens can be useful in forensic science. Hair is class evidence and can help criminal investigators determine the innocence or guilt of a person.

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Kary B. Mullis created the PCR technique. This technique allowed for the amplification of DNA fragments found in crime scenes. This technique was also useful in detecting certain illnesses or viruses.

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Alec Jeffreys was a geneticists who developed a technique for DNA fingerprinting. This technique allowed for the detailed examination of a persons genetic code. This discovery helped forensic analysts differentiate between individuals.

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HO Albrecht was a German chemist who discovered that mixing hydrogen peroxide and luminol can reveal traces of blood that are not visible with the naked eye. This helped forensic analysts reveal any hidden blood stains at a crime scene.

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In 1915, Leone Lattes discovered a way to restore dry blood to its natural form by using an isotonic solution created with sodium chloride and distilled water. This procedure allowed forensic analysts to determine the blood type of a dry blood stain.

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In 1901, Karl Landsteiner discovered the different blood groups A, B, AB, and O. He discovered that mixing different peoples blood caused blood cells to clump up. This discovery provided a way for forensic scientists to compare blood evidence at a crime scene to any possible suspects.

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Sir Francis Galton was the first person to develop a fingerprinting system in 1892. The creation of this system is what started the forensic science field of study. Galton determined that every fingerprint was unique and consisted of either loops, whirls, or arches.