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Grades K-2
- Segmenting words into individual sounds and blending sounds to form words
- Learning the relationships between sound and letters
- Confusing letters that sound and/or look similar

Grades 3-8
- Reading and spelling multisyllabic words, often leaving out entire syllables as well as
single sounds
- Mixing up common sight words (e.g., where, there, what, then)
- Slow rate of reading related to word recognition and fluency requiring extended time on tasks involving reading and writing

Source: Hook, P., & Carreker, S. (n.d.). Teaching Students with Dyslexia: How to Recognize Early Warning Signs, Provide Effective Intervention, and Unlock Student Achievement. Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.lexialearning.com/sites/default/files/resources/Core5_and_Dyslexia_Product_White_Paper.pdf

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Allowing students to take breaks is necessary for them when trying to learn how to read with dyslexia.

Source: Middle-schooler teaches future teachers about dyslexia. Understood. (n.d.). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.understood.org/en/articles/video-middle-schooler-teaches-future-teachers-about-dyslexia

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Middle-Schooler Teaches Future Teachers About Dyslexia

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Ella Griffith-Tager is only 11 years old. But she's already making an impact on the lives of future students with dyslexia. Ella's mom, Miriam Tager, is a professor who teaches graduate students in education. Watching Ella struggle gave Tager a new understanding of reading challenges.

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What I Wish Teachers Knew About Dyslexia

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What I Wish Teachers Knew About Dyslexia

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"Dyslexics require more time and effort to process language information"

Tips from students:
- Being able to go to a separate room and be able to take their time, not rush them to keep up with the class.
- Audio books can be very helpful for students with dyslexia
- Don't call on students to read aloud to the class
- Don't grade on spelling; instead grade them on what they wrote about
- DO NOT tell students to try harder, they are doing the best that they can
Source: YouTube. (2015, October 5). What I wish teachers knew about dyslexia. YouTube. Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=303uulbfR3I

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What I Wish Teachers Knew About Dyslexia

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The Dyslexia Buddy Network & Embracing Dyslexia Present: What I Wish Teachers Knew About Dyslexia. This film was also created to give our kids a voice. Visit: DyslexiaBuddyNetwork.com & EmbracingDyslexia.com

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"Dyslexia is a language-based learning disability. Dyslexia refers to a cluster of symptoms, which result in people having difficulties with specific language skills, particularly reading. Dyslexia affects individuals throughout their lives; however, its impact can change at different stages in a person’s life."

Source: Dyslexia in the classroom: What every teacher needs to know. International Dyslexia Association. (2017, January 6). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-in-the-classroom/

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Students with dyslexia usually experience difficulties with other language skills, such as spelling, writing, and pronouncing words.

The core difficulty involves word recognition and reading fluency, spelling, and writing. Some individuals with dyslexia manage to learn early reading and spelling tasks, especially with excellent instruction, but later experience their most debilitating problems when more complex language skills are required, such as grammar, understanding textbook material, and writing essays.

Source: Dyslexia in the classroom: What every teacher needs to know. International Dyslexia Association. (2017, January 6). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-in-the-classroom/

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It is a myth that individuals with dyslexia “read backwards.” Their spelling can look quite jumbled at times not because they read or see words backwards, but because students have trouble remembering letter symbols for sounds and letter patterns in words.

Dyslexia is not a disease and, therefore, there is no cure.

Individuals with dyslexia do not have a lower level of intelligence. In fact, more often than not, the complete opposite is true.

Source: Dyslexia in the classroom: What every teacher needs to know. International Dyslexia Association. (2017, January 6). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-in-the-classroom/

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- Learning to speak
- Learning letters and their sounds
- Organizing written and spoken language
- Memorizing number facts
- Reading quickly enough to comprehend
- Keeping up with and comprehending longer reading assignments
- Spelling
- Learning a foreign language
- Correctly doing math operations

Source: Dyslexia in the classroom: What every teacher needs to know. International Dyslexia Association. (2017, January 6). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-in-the-classroom/

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An estimated 40 million people in the US have dyslexia, but only about 2 million people know that they have it.

Even the brightest students in other subjects than reading and writing can have dyslexia.

Source: YouTube. (2017, March 23). Life of a dyslexic | 2017 documentary. YouTube. Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=87dtTYBT54E&t=4s

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No. They are trying very hard, sometimes twice as hard, to understand what they need to read or write.

Source: YouTube. (2012, September 12). Dyslexia - short film. YouTube. Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SaQfuxODpog

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Get rid of pictures if you're going to test reading.

Each child can read for awhile, can fake it for awhile.

Source: Barton, S. (n.d.). Bright solutions: Reading Mistakes. Bright Solutions | Free On-Line Videos. Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.dys-add.com/videos/dyslexiaSymptomsSolutions_Part03.html

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A comprehensive evaluation typically includes intellectual and academic achievement testing, as well as an assessment of the critical underlying language skills that are closely linked to dyslexia.

These include receptive (listening) and expressive language skills, phonological skills including phonemic awareness, and also a student’s ability to rapidly name letters and names. A student’s ability to read lists of words in isolation, as well as words in context, should also be assessed.

Source: Dyslexia in the classroom: What every teacher needs to know. International Dyslexia Association. (2017, January 6). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-in-the-classroom/

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Dyslexia Legislation varies state by state.
- Minnesota has 8 bills
- North Dakota has 5 bills
- Wisconsin has 2 bills

Source: International Dyslexia Association. (n.d.). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/

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While dyslexia can make reading more difficult, with the right instruction, almost all individuals with dyslexia can learn to read. Many people with dyslexia have gone on to accomplish great things. Among the many dyslexia success stories are Thomas Edison, Stephen Spielberg, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Charles Schwab.

Source: Dyslexia at a glance. International Dyslexia Association. (2022, September 12). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-at-a-glance/

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1. Difficulty recognizing the individual sounds in spoken words (phonemes). The ability to recognize and play with speech sounds is called phonemic awareness.

2. Difficulty sounding out written words (decoding) and recognizing familiar word parts.

3. Difficulty understanding what is being read. Limited vocabulary and background knowledge contribute to lower levels of reading comprehension.

4. Limited English language skills.

5. Limited experience with print and books.

6. Difficulty developing and maintaining the motivation to read.

7. Whole-class reading instruction that is not evidence-based, explicit, and systematic.

8. Instruction that doesn’t meet an individual child’s needs. For example, a child with dyslexia may need additional step-by-step explicit instruction, provided in a carefully planned sequence

Source: Why some kids struggle | reading rockets. (n.d.). Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.readingrockets.org/helping/struggle

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"Dyslexia is an inherited condition that makes it extremely difficult to read, write, and spell in your native language - despite at least average intelligence."

Facts:
- Dyslexia can range from mild to severe
- Dyslexia can affect spoken language, written language, and language comprehension

Source: YouTube. (2015, October 5). What I wish teachers knew about dyslexia. YouTube. Retrieved February 27, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=303uulbfR3I

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What I Wish Teachers Knew About Dyslexia

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The Dyslexia Buddy Network & Embracing Dyslexia Present: What I Wish Teachers Knew About Dyslexia. This film was also created to give our kids a voice. Visit: DyslexiaBuddyNetwork.com & EmbracingDyslexia.com