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1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war
2. https://aoav.org.uk/2019/social-and-cultural-effects-syria/
3. https://izajolp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40173-017-0082-4
4. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/eu-not-paying-money-to-turkish-govt-but-supporting-refugees/2416454
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey
6. https://env-health.org/IMG/pdf/150220_factsheet_air_and_health_turkey_en_final.pdf
7. https://www.undp.org
8. https://www.femise.org/en/slideshow-en/the-long-term-impact-of-syrian-refugees-on-turkish-economy-fem43-05-report/
9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_in_Turkey
10. https://archpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13690-021-00745-7#:~:text=In%20Europe%2C%20Germany%20is%20one,17%2C18%2C19%5D

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- After refugees settle down in Germany, they send their children to receive German education. This is a cultural impact and it’s relates to social and political impact. For Germany, some children from different cultures come here to be educated, and Germany also has some influence on Syrian culture. For Syrian children, they are learning a new culture. Communication between the two cultures allowed them to have a social impact. Secondly, Germany's openness to Syrian refugees is a change of German policy. Therefore, this is relates to social and political impact.
- After arriving in Germany, most Syrian refugees still speak their native language, and some stick to their Syrian religion. This will indirectly have a cultural impact on Germany and it’s relates to social impact, because it is a new culture for Germany. Syrians have also been known to spread their culture and religion. In the communication between the two cultures, social influence has been produced. Because it may change Germany's stereotypical influence on Syria.
- In the camps, some of the Syrian refugees make their own food, which is also a cultural influence because they introduce The Germans to Syrian food. At the same time, Syrian refugees are being influenced by German culture. This relates to social impact because this imperceptible the relationship between Germans and Syrian refugees, and they get to know each other through such exchanges.
- In an INSA poll, 61 percent of respondents said they were less satisfied with accepting refugees after the attacks. This is also a cultural impact and it’s relates to social and demographic impact, which shows the conflict between the two cultures. Part of the reason why Germans can't accept Syrian refugees is cultural differences. Part of the reason for the conflict between Germans and Syrians is the problem of resources in Germany, so it has to do with the demographic impact of Syrian refugees coming to Germany.
- Most Syrian refugees live in camps, which means they won't have a big impact on Germany's economy. Instead, Germany needs to use some of the money to help Syrian refugees. This is a cultural impact and it’s relates to economic impact, because the arrival of Syrian refugees has affected Germany's economy to a certain extent. For example, Germany needs to spend some money to support Syrian refugees.

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- Every year the number of refugees accepted in Germany increases, which means that more and more shelters will be set up for them. Obviously, this will affect the original environment of Germany. Because first of all you need space to build shelters, and second of all the materials are basically wood, which means Germany has to cut down a lot of wood to build shelters. Indirectly affecting the ecological environment of Germany.
- Germany has a population of 83 million, and the increasing number of refugees will make the country crowded, especially in certain areas. If this continues, it will be a big problem for Germany's environment. Because first of all, the refugees need basic supplies like water and food. In the long run, Germany will have fewer resources, which will also indirectly affect the ecological environment of Germany. This increases the chances of natural disasters such as sandstorms in Germany.
- The conditions in the camps are very primitive, so much rubbish and excrement cannot be disposed of in a timely manner. It will pollute the air environment and the land. It will also cause certain damage to the physical health of refugees..

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- From January 2015 to July 2015, the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees received 42,100 asylum applications. By the end of 2015, the number had reached 158,657. 96% of asylum applications are approved. Germany set up a shelter for the refugees. This is a physical settlement Activity, because the arrival of refugees has changed the original topography and architecture of Germany. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war
- German police forces announced on October 22, 2015, that they had foiled a planned attack by a right-wing extremist group on the Bamberg refugee home. They also say there were nearly 600 attacks on the homes of refugees in 2015, a sharp rise from 2014. This is a cultural and environmental settlement because it shows that part of Germany is not welcoming to refugees, even Shanghai refugees. This is a clash of two cultures, but it also has an impact on the environment while organizing the destruction of refugee homes. It also defines Syrian refugees as not "German residents." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war
- Similarly, 19-39,000 members (depending on estimates) of the right-wing Pegida movement in Germany rallied in Dresden on October 19, 2015, against accepting refugees. Between 14 and 20,000 others held a counter-rally in the city. It's also cultural settlement, because it shows the clash of the two cultures, and obviously the German culture is not willing to accept refugees from Syria. This is a demonstration of power and thinking within Germany. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war

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Cost:
- At the start of the war, Syrian refugees made their way to Europe by water. This means they lose most of their possessions and homes, and some are even separated from their families.
- Due to a large number of refugees, some small countries are not in a position to help refugees, or some countries have a lot of uncertainty. That means refugees can't get steady help in some countries
- Eighty percent of the refugees chose to travel by water, illustrating the dangers they may face in the process.
- After the refugees arrive in the country, they cannot leave the camp. It means they can't find a way to make money and educate their children.
Racial discrimination exists in some EU countries, and refugees need to face the problem of discrimination
Benefits:
- Germany is home to 300,000 Syrian refugees, and 96% of asylum applications are approved. This shows that Germany is willing to help and accept Syrian refugees. Refugees can get better help in Germany.
- Germany is a military power and refugees will be protected in Germany. They will be safer than before, and they will get the basic security of life.
- German Chancellor Angela Merkel has said: "There is no upper limit to the basic right of asylum for political persecutors; This also applies to the refugees who come to us from the hell of civil war. The German government has strong sympathy for refugees, which shows that refugees' lives will be respected in Germany and Germany will try its best to help them.
- Germany is a powerful country in economy and education. Refugees can get a better education and have better development prospects in Germany.
- Many have got jobs as doctors – according to the German Medical Association, Syrians now make up the largest group among foreign doctors, with 4,970 employed throughout the country last year. As of April 2021, about 27% of Syrians in Germany were of working age.

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Syrians in Germany: Refugee standing for German parliament

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Choice:
- Between 2015 and 2019 alone, more than 1,622,954 Syrian refugees registered as asylum seekers.
- Syrian refugees are making their way to Germany as a last resort.
Incentive:
- Fleeing violence
- To get a better life
- Better living environment
- There are many refugees because their children chose to flee to Germany, where some of the children of refugees can get an education. In Syria, schools were bombed.
- The Syrian economy deteriorated rapidly during the war, so people did not have a steady income. But in Germany, people can actively look for work.
- No life-threatening.
- Germany is a very powerful country, so as long as Germany doesn't start a war, there's basically no war. Therefore, refugees in Germany can be assured that they will never experience war again.

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-         Syrian refugees can only apply for temporary protected status in Turkey, which means Syrians are "foreigners" to Turkey. This is a cultural impact, it has social and political implications because it shows Turkey's policy towards Syrian refugees, and while Turkey is willing to accept Syrian refugees, Turkey's current policy still does not recognize Syrian refugees as Turkish. It has an impact on the demographics of Turkey, but more on the cultures of both countries. Secondly, the social impact is that Syrian refugees will think Turkey will not accept them for a long time, so many refugees choose to go to other countries. As a result, many Syrian refugees see Turkey as a temporary place, while many more choose to live in countries such as Germany, where policies are more open to Syrian refugees.

-        The total value-added impact of the Syrian refugee occupation on the Turkish economy was estimated at 27.2 billion lire, or 1.96 percent of Turkey's total GDP, as of the end of 2017. It's the cultural impact, and it has to do with the economic impact. As can be seen from this figure, the arrival of Syrian refugees has not only had a negative impact on Turkey, but also increased Turkey's GDP, which means that the employment rate in Turkey is higher than before, because refugees are working in Turkey. Money spent by refugees in Turkey can also help Turkey's economy. Some refugees use their own money to buy things in Turkey. It's also about social impact. Because Syrian refugees are working in Turkey, communicating with Turks. This will have an impact on the cultures of both countries. On the other hand, as more and more refugees are employed, some people in Turkey are losing their jobs. This has resulted in cultural conflicts and negative social effects.https://www.femise.org/en/slideshow-en/the-long-term-impact-of-syrian-refugees-on-turkish-economy-fem43-05-report/

-        As many as 300,000 Syrian refugees living in Turkey could be granted citizenship under the policy change. It's a cultural impact and it’s relates to demographic impact. Because this data shows that some of the Syrian refugees have become Turkish. Since Syrian refugees have become Turkish citizens, which means they need to learn Turkish culture, Turkish culture has influenced Syrian refugees. This is relates to social and political impact. Because it proves that Turkey's policy is open to Syrian refugees. It also makes other countries think Turkey is a very compassionate country. So it also has a positive impact on Turkey's reputation.  This also relates to Historical impact, because it’s records how the policy has changed in Turkey.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_in_Turkey

-        The Turkish government said this week it had started deportation proceedings against at least seven Syrian nationals accused of eating bananas in a "provocative" way while taking part in the TikTok video challenge It shows the Turkish government's attitude towards Syrian refugees, but also the clash of two cultures. This relates to social and poitical impact. First, the Turkish government sees the Syrian refugee video as provocative and therefore a clash of cultures. It proves that Turkey and Syria have different views. Secondly, Turkey's expulsion of refugees is a policy impact, which also has social impact. One could see a rift between the Syrian and Turkish governments, even though Turkey hosts more than 60 percent of the refugees. Therefore, this is a cultural impact.

-        Turkey currently helps more than 695,000 children and is expected to help more than 700,000 children stay in education until the beginning of 2022. Some 20,000 Syrian refugee children and young people have also taken part in accelerated Learning programmed, thanks to EU funding, to help them make up for lost school years. This relates to historical, political and social impact.  First of all, the fact that Syrian refugees can be educated in Turkey will have a cultural impact on Syrian refugees. Because Syrian children learn Turkish culture. Secondly, this is a change in policy. Turkey has made a change for the better because of the number of Syrian refugees, allowing Syrian children to receive Turkish education. In the end, this decision may go down in history as a record of Syrian children being accepted into Turkey, the majority of Syrian refugees starting to study Turkish culture, and a change in Turkish education policy. To sum up, this is a cultural influence.

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- As the number of refugees increases, the environment in some parts of Turkey is suffering. The first is that the space becomes crowded, and as more and more refugees arrive in Turkey, the size of Turkey becomes crowded. It's an environmental impact because some of the shelters are taking over the natural environment, damaging the natural environment and making Turkey crowded.
- The arrival of Syrian refugees is draining Turkey's resources and causing more serious environmental impacts. Most of the materials used to build shelters are wood, which causes people to cut down trees, affecting the original forest environment. In the long run, it may cause natural environmental disasters such as sandstorms. Second, Syrian refugees start fires and pollute water supplies. This has a big impact on the air environment in Syria.  According to the European Environment Agency (EEA), 97.2 percent of the urban population in Turkey is exposed to unhealthy levels of particulate matter (PM10)7. Ankara has PM yearly average concentrations of 58 ug/m3, and Istanbul 48ug/m3.  Syrian refugees are also responsible for some of the pollution.  https://env-health.org/IMG/pdf/150220_factsheet_air_and_health_turkey_en_final.pdf
- “One of the biggest environmental challenges has been the additional generation of waste. Waste volumes have increased by 21.5% in Southeast Turkey since the arrival of refugees. Another big problem is the lack of potable water in this region, which is among the driest in the country.” (Crisisandenvironment) This means that the arrival of Syrian refugees has caused water shortages and drought in Turkey. Thus, this is a environmental impact.  https://crisisandenvironment.com/turkey/#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20biggest%20environmental,the%20driest%20in%20the%20country

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- Syrian refugees face discrimination in Turkey, where the number of refugees in a single workplace cannot exceed 10% even after the reform and opening of the Labour market in January 2016.But many more refugee jobs are informal.  This is a cultural settlement activity, because it defines Turkish society and the political rights of residents in terms of employment.
- Under Turkish law, Syrian refugees cannot apply for resettlement, only temporary protected status. Registering for temporary protected status gives access to state services, such as health and education, as well as the right to apply for work permits in certain geographical areas and professions. This means the refugees are not real Turks, but refugees from Syria. This is a cultural settlement activity, because it shows that Turkish law does not give refugees the right to be Turkish.
- According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, as of August 2017, a total of 163 refugees were allegedly killed, including 15 women and 31 children. Physical abuse and public humiliation by soldiers have also been reported. This is a cultural settlement activity, because this is the Turkish people's disrespect for the lives of Syrian refugees and the cultural conflict between Turkey and Syria.  It also represents an invisible form of Turkish oppression of Syrian refugees. This has caused some Syrian refugees to fear Turkish soldiers.
- As refugees continued to pour into their country, Turkey reportedly hosted 63.4 percent of the world's refugees by 2018. This brings the total number of registered refugees in Turkey to 3,564,919. However, compared with the increase in refugee numbers, benefits for them have not increased that much, with only 712,218 people granted residence permits, and by 2017, only 56,024 work permits were granted to Syrians. This is a cultural settlement activity, because it shows the attitude of the Turkish government/policy towards Syrian refugees.
- Despite Turkey's efforts to help the refugees, only 24 percent of Syrian children have access to education outside the camps. This is a cultural settlement activity, because it shows how tolerant and receptive Turkish society is to Syrian teenagers

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Cost:
- Refugees can face life problems in their new country, such as not having a place to live and not having money to eat. Although neighbouring countries provided some assistance to the refugees, due to the large number of refugees, some refugees still did not have food or shelter.  Only about 10% live in formal camps. In Lebanon, 85 per cent pay rent, 71 per cent live in residential buildings (ordinary apartments or micro-apartments designed for building doormen/supervisors), 12 per cent in non-residential buildings (construction sites, garages, shops) and 17 per cent in informal tent settlements; A quarter of the houses are overcrowded (less than 4.5 square metres per person).  In southern Turkey, 96 percent of refugees living outside camps pay rent, 62 percent live in rented apartments, 28 percent live in unfinished buildings or garages, and 1 percent live in tents.
- People leave their familiar surroundings, such as losing friends.
- More than 440,000 internally displaced people have returned to their homes to find their families. This means many refugees are separated from their families as they flee to other countries
- Receive the discrimination
Benefits:
- In 2016, the EU and Turkey made an agreement to stop irregular refugee flows and improve the conditions of Syrian refugees in Turkey. The bloc pledged €6 billion ($7 billion) aid for the refugees in the country and disbursed €4 billion, according to EU figures. So Syrian refugees can get money to help them in Turkey. They will receive some compensation in Turkey.
- Turkey has applied with many countries to accept refugees, which means that Turkey is willing to help refugees. Therefore, Syrian refugees in Turkey will not receive too much discrimination and discrimination. Instead, they will get a safe and stable living environment, without the risk of life.
- In 2019, the number of Syrians registered under temporary protection was more than 3.57 million. More than 680,000 Syrian school-aged refugees are enrolled in formal education, and more than 33,000 Syrian students are attending institutions of tertiary education (3RP Turkey Country Chapter 2020). This means that many Syrian refugee children can receive education in Turkey. During the war in Syria, some schools were bombed, and students couldn't go to school. So going to school in Turkey is a good thing for Syrian refugees.
- The World Bank classifies Turkey as an upper-middle income country in terms of the country's per capita GDP. The CIA World Factbook adds Turkey to its list of developed countries (DCs) due to the country's status as a founding member of the OECD. Turkey's growing economy means Syrian refugees have more opportunities to find work and earn money in Turkey, and they have more prospects than they did in Syria.
- As people adjust to a new environment, they have hope for their families. Some refugees want their families to go to Turkey.

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Idomeni - Syrian migrants react to EU-Turkey deal | Editor's Pick | 8 March 16

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-In Syria, the lack of support for the Syrian government and leadership led to the Syrian civil war. People's reason is because the Syrian government is destroying Syria, so they are attacking the government because they are unhappy with the Syrian government and trying to save Syria. Chemical weapons have been used in warfare, as well as in massive explosions. It's a cultural and environmental settlement because of the invisible destruction of Syria's ecology during the war, which led to many deaths.  The damage to Syria's architecture and landscape was devastating. We can also see divisions within Syria, and cultural clashes within Syria. https://izajolp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40173-017-0082-4
-During the Syrian civil war, many civilization sites were used for fighting, so many civilization sites were destroyed by war. It was an environmental settlement because the war destroyed many cultural sites and ancient natural landscapes. https://izajolp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40173-017-0082-4
-During the war, there was gender inequality and Syrian refugees lived in single-parent families. This has led to a very high incidence of domestic violence against women. It was a cultural settlement because it defined the Syrian women as not being respected during the war. https://izajolp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40173-017-0082-4
-The conflict in Syria's civil war has led to the death of many civilians, some of whom have lost their families, some of whom have lost their places to live. Eventually, these people became refugees. It's a cultural settlement because it shows that civilians will not be protected during the war, which creates an invisible pressure for refugees to leave Syria faster. https://izajolp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40173-017-0082-4
-There are a lot of countries involved in the Syrian civil war, supporting their own groups, some of them even directly involved in the fighting. America provides weapons and armed forces. It's a cultural and environmental settlement because it shows the clash of cultures, not just in the Syrian civil war, but the clash of cultures in multiple countries. In terms of the environment, the participation of more countries makes the war more intense, and in such an environment, more and more environments will be destroyed by war. https://izajolp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40173-017-0082-4

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- In 2021, only six percent of children were educated in Syria. The reason is that most of the children choose to flee Syria to get their education in other countries, such as Turkey. Another group of children are afraid to go to school because of the destruction of the city by the rebels and the bombing of the city by the government, making school a very unsafe option. That would mean a dramatic decline in the level of literacy in Syria. More exaggeratingly, if the war continues, Syrian culture will probably not survive. This is a cultural impact because there is no way for the children to be educated during the war, and in the long-term Syria's culture will decline. Because children cannot go to school in Syria because of the war, Syrian culture is being taught by very few children. Over time, fewer and fewer people learn Syrian culture. This is related to Political impact, because of the war between the government and the rebels, children are not going to school, which is affecting cultural development in Syria. This is also related to environment impact because the war would affect the local environment, many schools were bombed, so students could not go to school, which indirectly led to the cultural decline. This is also relates to demographic impact, because the use of nuclear bombs in war will cause a decrease in population and many people will be killed in the war. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_civil_war
- Some of the children of Syrian refugees have access to Turkish education, which has a refugee cultural impact. The refugees were educated in different cultures. This is a cultural impact and it’s relates to social impact. Because more refugees from Syria are fleeing for Turkey after being told they can get an education in Turkey or other countries. This has led to fewer and fewer people receiving Syrian education. It's also a cultural change, and it's clear that Syrian teenagers have changed their culture. Syrian refugees has social contact with turkey, therefore this is a cultural impact.
- The acceptance of Syrian refugees by different countries also has a cultural impact on the country, thinking that Syrian refugees have their own culture, when they go to a new country, their culture will be transmitted, but they will also change. Language and culture are the most direct influences. This is a cultural impact and it’s relates to social impact, because Syrian refugees may speak different languages from other countries, which makes them understand the language and culture of Syrians, but Syrian refugees also adopt their culture.
- Syrians have their own religious beliefs, and refugees are no exception. So, when they flee to a new country, their religious culture spreads. This is a cultural impact and it’s relates to social impact.  Because Religion in Syria is different from other countries, as war-affected refugees flee, their religious culture spreads around the world through human contact. Not only will others learn about Syrian culture, but the refugees will learn a new culture. Thus, it has caused cultural influence on other countries, even cultural conflict.

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-The first is the Syrian war, which not only has a great impact on the world economy, world development and world population, but also has a huge impact on the environment. The decade of war has had a major impact on the environment due to the extensive use of explosive weapons, the damage caused to oil refineries (soil pollution, pollution and subsequent reliance on highly polluting temporary refineries) and the mismanagement of oil. The most important thing is air pollution. As the war has been going on, the local air has been in a polluted state. https://aoav.org.uk/2019/social-and-cultural-effects-syria/
-The Syrian government has dropped chemical weapons, artillery shells on cities, which has affected the air quality in Syria and caused massive pollution
-The construction of large, displaced persons camps for Syrian refugees could cause significant damage to the environment. It takes up space in the natural environment to some extent. As refugees live in poor conditions, they use and pollute water, use up wood for fuel, and poach animals for food, often damaging parks, nature reserves and World Heritage sites. These effects make host countries less willing to accept more refugees. https://aoav.org.uk/2019/social-and-cultural-effects-syria/
-The potential environmental impact of refugees. Competition for natural resources such as fuelwood, building materials, freshwater and wild food is a major problem. If environmental degradation or conflict between refugees and residents is not addressed. This is because the number of Syrian refugees is so high that host countries cannot provide adequate resources for them. It also means countries are using more resources than usual to feed the refugees, including fresh water, food and shelter materials. These are potential environmental problems.
-During the war, 109,393 sites were destroyed, which means that in Syria, parts of buildings were destroyed and can no longer be used or repaired. This is a significant loss for the environment.
-More than 300,000 innocent civilians have been killed during the Syrian war, which has indirectly affected the environment. There is also a fear of the environment. Syria is no longer a safe place to live.
-This has created obvious environmental problems for some countries due to the excessive number of refugees. Lack of space. More and more refugees occupy more and more space, which undoubtedly leads to the occupation of native people's original living space. This environmental problem can trigger a clash of cultures.
-The impact of the Syrian conflict on wastewater management included: Increased pollution load from wastewater discharges; the incremental pollution load of wastewater generated by displaced population is estimated to be around 40,000 tons of BOD5 per year, equivalent to around 34% of BOD5 load at the national level.

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Syrian Refugee Camp 2, Joub Jannine, Lebanon

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Cost:
Explicit:
-Due to the war, most of the refugees chose to abandon their property and houses and fled penniless to neighboring countries.
-The refugees' means of escape are boats, so they need basic tickets
-The old people's pension was canceled during the war.
Implicit:
-Most are children, women, or the elderly, which means people will be forced to separate from their families.
-As Syria's civil war continues to rage on, refugees are at risk of escaping.
-Not familiar with local laws, environment, and terrain
-Some refugees died trying to escape. In January 2019, the United Nations said 15 displaced Syrian children, 13 of them under the age of 1, had died due to cold weather and inadequate medical care. In addition, days of strong winds, heavy rain and snow, and subsequent flooding resulted in the death of at least one child and the destruction of more than 360 sites in Lebanon hosting 11,300 refugees.
-Some habits in life need to be changed, such as customs, food, language
-In the new environment, people may be discriminated against, including racial, national, and religious discrimination.
-Refugees miss their families, which can lead to psychological problems.
-It will take some time to get used to the new environment
-The challenges of the new environment

Benefits:
Explicit:
- Refugees will find basic jobs in their new countries, from which they will be paid.
Implicit:
-Although only 10 percent of the refugees are living in formal military camps, their living conditions have improved compared to those during the Syrian war.
-The refugees are being protected by other countries, which means the Syrian civil war will not affect their safety.
-Have a safe and stable living environment.
-Refugees fleeing countries that have been at war for years have benefited both their own safety and their mental health.
-Although the refugees cannot find ideal jobs in their new countries and earn little, they are given hope of survival. Because they are accepted in the new country, there is hope for development.
-The lives of refugees are respected in their new countries.
-Children can receive education, which means they will have a better future.
-They don't need to worry about life-threatening, which helps their mental health
-Organizations like the World Security Organization accept refugees and work with countries like Turkey to help them. This means that many countries in the world are willing to help refugees and refugees will not face deportation problems in other countries. Refugees can get help from many countries around the world.

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Syrian Refugee Camp 2, Joub Jannine, Lebanon

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Syrian Refugee Camp, Choice and Incentive

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Syrian Refugee Camp, Choice and Incentive

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Choice:
| Some 6.8 million Syrians have become refugees and asylum seekers because of the war. Another 6.7 million people are internally displaced in Syria. That means a total of 13.5 million Syrians have been forcibly displaced, more than half of the country's population. Nearly 11.1 million people in Syria are in need of humanitarian assistance. Some have no choice but to migrate to neighboring countries, such as Turkey, which hosts 3.7m refugees. Some choose to stay in Syria.
Incentive(s):
-Escape violence and war
-To find humanitarianism, and pacifism in other counties. (Turkey or other countries next to Syria)
-To survive, this includes a better living environment, a country with better economic capacity, and a country with more development prospects
-80% of the population lived in poverty, on less than $1.9 a day
-Over 606,000 people have been killed
-2.4 million children were out of the school
-Without the most basic living conditions, including daily drinking water
- People in Syria want a better future for their children. Their children cannot have a good future because of the ongoing war in Syria.

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| Supporting questions：
1. Who is Bashar al-Assad?
2. Why did they start the war?
3. Which country supports the government?
4. Which country supports the private army?
5. What effect has the war had on Syria?
6. How did the war affect the economy in Syria?
7. Who became a refugee during the war?
8. What happened to refugees?
| New supporting questions:
- Why don't people support Bashar al-Assad?
- Where did the refugees go?
-How many people have become refugees during the war?
- Which countries have accepted refugees?
- How are refugees affecting the economies of these countries?
- How do refugees affect the cultures of these countries?
-What did the refugees do in the meantime?

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Intro: Syria Conflict Documentary | 10 Years of War in Syria

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Background:
|-The Syrian civil war is a power struggle against the Syrian government led by Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and led by the Syrian Arab Republic. The unrest in Syria began on March 15, 2011, as part of the wider Arab Spring protests of 2011, after protests calling for Assad's ouster were violently suppressed. It escalated into armed conflict because some people were very disappointed with the Syrian government. The war is currently being fought by several factions, including the Syrian Armed Forces and their domestic and international Allies, a loose coalition of mostly Sunni opposition rebel groups like the Free Syrian Army, Salafi jihadist groups including the Nusra Front and Tahrir Al-Sham, A hybrid of the Kurdish-Arab Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

|-The peak of the war was around 2015; Since then, violence in the country has decreased, but the situation remains a crisis. Some foreign countries, such as Iran, Russia, Turkey and the United States, are either directly involved in the conflict or providing support to one faction or another. Iran, Russia and Hezbollah support the Syrian Arab Republic and the Syrian armed forces militarily, with Russia carrying out airstrikes and other military operations since September 2015. The US-led international coalition was formed in 2014 with the declared goal of fighting Islamic State in Iraq and Lebanon. It has carried out airstrikes mainly against the Islamic State, but some against government and pro-government targets. They have also deployed special forces and artillery units to fight the Islamic State on the ground.

|-Since 2015, the United States has provided material, financial and logistical support to the autonomous government in northern and eastern Syria and its armed wing, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). The conflict has created a major refugee crisis, with millions fleeing mainly to neighboring Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. This was the beginning of the refugee crisis. More and more people felt that their country was not safe. Several peace initiatives have been launched during the war, including THE U.N.-led Syria peace talks in Geneva in March 2017, but fighting continues.

|-Socioeconomic inequality increased significantly during the later years of Hafez Assad's free-market policies, and under Bashar al-Assad. These policies focused on services and benefited minorities of the country's population, mainly those associated with the government, as well as members of the Sunni merchant class in Damascus and Aleppo. In 2010, Syria's nominal PER capita GDP was only $2,834, comparable to sub-saharan African countries such as Nigeria and much lower than neighboring Lebanon, with an annual growth rate of 3.39 percent, lower than most developing countries. The country also faces particularly high youth unemployment.