# data[].attributes.body
Behaviorists such as B.F Skinner believe children learn language through imitation, reinforcement, and stimulus. Children will most likely copy words and sentences said by their parents, or guardians for imitation. Reinforcement when a child correctly says a word or phrase can be provided as praise, shining all the attention on them for their accomplishment.

# data[].attributes.body
"...child language researchers noticed that parents typically reinforce their children for the meaning of their utterances, not for grammatical correctness." (pg. 61).

# data[].attributes.body
This is a theory proposed by linguist, Noam Chomsky. He believed that children are born with an inborn ability to learn language. He argued that the brain has a special mechanism that helps children learn language naturally (LAD). According to Chomsky, all human languages share basic structures (universal grammar) and everyone is born with the ability to recognize and apply these patterns.

# data[].attributes.body
"As Chomsky pondered the complex intricacies of children's development of grammar. he concluded that language acquisition could only be accounted for by an innate, biological language acquisition device (LAD) or system." (pg. 61)

# data[].attributes.body
This theory suggests that language is developed through social interaction making communication essential for learning. Children can be influenced by their caregivers through interactions with one another. A child can talk about something with their mother and she will then expand the idea being said modeling adult usage. An overall good form of scaffolding.

# data[].attributes.body
"Interactionalists assert that caregivers play a critical role in language acquisition." (pg. 63).

"Interactions do not necessarily lead to immediate understanding. Rudimentary understandings must be developed and refined over time, often through misunderstandings." (pg. 63).

# data[].attributes.body
This perspective sees second language learning as a conditioned behavior similar to learning a first language through practice and reinforcement. Through repeated exposure and reinforcement such as pattern drills practicing sentence structure, learners will develop automatic language patterns. Such practices including imitation and repetition will help children memorize.

# data[].attributes.body
"For behaviorists, the processes involved in second or foreign language learning consisted of imitation, repetition, and reinforcement of grammatical structures." (pg. 65)

# data[].attributes.body
Overall, Krashen believes that language is best acquired naturally through understanding and meaningful interaction rather than going through constant memorization and drills.

Short summaries of each hypothesis:

The Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis: Language can be acquired naturally through meaningful interactions and communication. Acquisition is more effective for fluency rather than learning.

The Monitor Hypothesis: Language learners use their conscious knowledge of grammar and rules to check and correct their speech or writing. However, this "monitor" acts as a tool rather than the main way language is acquired.

The Natural Order Hypothesis: Language structures are learned in a predictable sequence such as simple grammar before the more complex grammar This order cannot be changed by instruction.

The Input Hypothesis: Learners acquire language when exposed to comprehensible input that is language slightly beyond their current level or i+1. Exposure to a slightly challenging language is the best way to acquire a second language.

The Affective Filter Hypothesis: Emotions like anxiety, motivation, confidence, and self-esteem affect language learning. Teachers and environments that reduce anxiety and encourage confidence help learners acquire language more effectively.

# data[].attributes.body
"Krashen summarizes the five hypotheses in a single claim: People acquire second languages when they obtain comprehensible input and when their affective filters are low enough to allow the input in." (pg. 67-68).