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Product: Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Dry-Touch Sunscreen SPF 100

### Ingredients Present in the Product:
Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Dry-Touch Sunscreen contains several key ingredients, including:

- Avobenzone (3%) - A chemical sunscreen agent that provides broad-spectrum protection against UVA rays.

- Octocrylene (10%) - A UV filter that helps stabilize avobenzone and provides additional UVB protection.

- Oxybenzone (6%) - Another sunscreen agent that absorbs UV radiation.

- Octinoxate (7.5%) - A common ingredient in sunscreens that helps to absorb UVB rays.

- Water - Used as a base for the product.
- Alcohol Denat. - Helps with quick drying and enhancing the feel of the sunscreen on the skin.

- Glycerin - A humectant that helps to draw moisture to the skin.

- Vitamin E (Tocopheryl Acetate) - An antioxidant that helps protect skin from damage.

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Impact on the Environment:

The environmental impact of sunscreens like Neutrogena Ultra Sheer can be significant due to several factors:

1. Chemical Ingredients: Some ingredients, notably oxybenzone and octinoxate, have been found to cause coral bleaching and harm marine life when washed off in oceans and seas. These chemicals can disrupt the endocrine systems of marine organisms.

2. Packaging Waste: Like many cosmetic products, the packaging can contribute to plastic pollution if not disposed of properly.

3. Manufacturing Impact: The production processes for cosmetics often involve carbon emissions and resource extraction, contributing to environmental degradation. However, companies like Johnson & Johnson are working towards more sustainable practices and reducing their carbon footprint.

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Organization Work:

Neutrogena is a brand owned by Johnson & Johnson, a multinational corporation known for its commitment to health and hygiene products. The organization conducts rigorous testing and research to ensure product efficacy and safety. They also focus on educating consumers about skin protection and the importance of using sunscreen as part of a daily skincare routine, especially to protect against skin cancer and premature aging.

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Water (Aqua): Water is the main ingredient in most leave-in conditioners. It's the solvent that helps dissolve and distribute the other ingredients throughout the hair.

Conditioning Agents: These are the ingredients responsible for softening the hair, detangling, and adding shine. Common conditioning agents include:

Cationic surfactants: These are positively charged and bond to the negatively charged hair fibers, providing softness and reducing static.
Silicones: These smooth the hair cuticle, adding shine and reducing frizz (e.g., dimethicone, cyclopentasiloxane).
Fatty alcohols: These provide moisture and smoothness (e.g., cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol).
Humectants: These ingredients attract moisture from the environment to keep the hair hydrated. Examples include glycerin, panthenol (pro-vitamin B5), and aloe vera.

Proteins: Some leave-in conditioners contain proteins to strengthen hair, such as silk protein, keratin, or wheat protein. These help improve hair elasticity and prevent breakage.

Emollients: These soften and smooth the hair without leaving it greasy. Examples are natural oils like jojoba oil, argan oil, or shea butter.

Preservatives: Since leave-in conditioners are water-based, preservatives like phenoxyethanol or ethylhexylglycerin are added to prevent the growth of bacteria and mold.

Fragrance: Many leave-in conditioners are scented for a pleasant fragrance, though this is optional.

Acidifiers (pH Adjusters): To ensure the conditioner maintains the correct pH balance for the hair (usually slightly acidic, around 4.5–5.5), citric acid is often used to adjust the pH.

Manufacturing Process:
Mixing the Water Phase: Water is heated to a specific temperature, and humectants, preservatives, and any water-soluble ingredients are mixed in.

Emulsification: Oil-based ingredients, such as fatty alcohols, oils, and silicones, are emulsified (blended with the water phase) to form a stable product. This can be done with the help of an emulsifier, which binds the oils and water together.

Cooling and Adding Sensitive Ingredients: Once the mixture is emulsified, the product is cooled down. Proteins, fragrances, and any heat-sensitive ingredients are added at this stage to avoid degradation.

Adjusting the pH: The pH is checked and adjusted if necessary to match the ideal level for hair health.

Packaging: The finished leave-in conditioner is tested for quality and stability, then packaged in bottles or spray containers for consumer use.

The final product is a lightweight, non-greasy conditioner that helps maintain healthy hair without needing to be rinsed out.

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Product Chosen: Lip-gloss (e.g., Maybelline Baby Lips Lip Gloss)

1. Ingredients in Lip-gloss:

Water (Aqua)

Petrolatum (Petroleum Jelly) – Used as a base to create a smooth texture.

Dimethicone – A type of silicone that gives a smooth, shiny finish.

Polybutene – Helps the gloss stay in place longer.

Phenoxyethanol – A preservative that prevents bacterial growth.

Fragrance – Adds scent to the lip-gloss.

Colorants (e.g., Titanium Dioxide, Iron Oxides) – Used for color and opacity.

2. How is Lip-gloss Made?

Step 1: The base is created by mixing ingredients like petrolatum (petroleum jelly) and waxes, which provide the thick texture.

Step 2: The cosmetic-grade colorants and pigments are added to create the desired shades.

Step 3: Hydrating agents like glycerin or water are added to give the lip-gloss a smooth and moisturizing quality.

Step 4: Fragrances and preservatives are mixed in to enhance the scent and prolong shelf life.

Step 5: The mixture is thoroughly blended and placed into containers for packaging.

3. Environmental Impact of Lip-gloss:

Plastic Packaging: Most lip-gloss products are packaged in plastic containers, contributing to plastic pollution. Many plastic lip-gloss tubes are single-use and not recyclable.

Petroleum-based Ingredients: Many lip-glosses contain petroleum-based products like petrolatum and mineral oils, which are derived from non-renewable resources and contribute to environmental degradation through extraction processes.

Microplastics in Ingredients: Some lip-glosses contain microplastics or synthetic polymers that do not break down in the environment. These can end up in water systems, harming aquatic life.

Waste Production: Like many cosmetics, lip-gloss often contributes to waste because of the single-use packaging and short shelf-life of many products.

-Nathaniel Jacobs

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Product: Soap 
1. Name of the product:
Dove Soap
2. Ingredients:
The ingredients of Dove Soap is:
Sodium Laurate
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Tallowate
Stearic Acid 
Aqua 
Glycerin 
Fragrance 
Citric Acid 
Sodium Isethionate 
3. How is it made:
Soap is made through a process called saponification. This is when fats (like animal fat or vegetable oils) are mixed with an alkali (like sodium hydroxide). The mixture is heated and reacts to form soap. Additional ingredients, such as glycerin, fragrances, and moisturizers, are added later to make the soap more appealing and effective.
4. Impact of the product on the environment:
Water Pollution: When soap is washed away, the ingredients can enter the water system. Some chemicals may not break down easily, harming aquatic life.
Packaging: Soap typically comes in plastic or paper packaging, both of which can contribute to waste if not recycled properly. Plastic packaging especially can add to ocean pollution.
Production Impact: The production of soap, particularly if it uses animal fat (like tallow), may contribute to the environmental degradation associated with livestock farming, including greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation.
Sustainable Practices: Some brands (like Dove) have begun making efforts to create more sustainable packaging and use more eco-friendly ingredients.

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Lastly, research on the impact of your product on the environment.

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Think of a product you use in your everyday routine like gel, lip-gloss, soap, perfume, cologne etc.

Ensure to have the name of the product.

Research on the ingredients present in your product.

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Research on how the product is made, manufactured.