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Overall comment:

You all demonstrated exceptional group participation. Each of you actively contributed to the discussion, presenting well-thought-out perspectives and engaging with each other constructively. The dialogue among you was vibrant and interactive, fostering a collaborative learning environment.

I was impressed by how each member explored the topic from multiple angles, considering both common and less common causes of disturbances in fluid volume and osmolarity. You effectively used scientific reasoning to support your points, discussing various medical conditions and their impact on fluid balance, alongside dehydration.

Well done!

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Nurul Ayunie binti Mohd Hidayat (Ayunie)

In my opinion, dehydration may be the major cause of disturbances in fluid volume and osmolarity, but not necessarily the most common cause in every context. Apart from dehydration, various medical conditions such as kidney disease, heart failure, and liver cirrhosis can lead to fluid volume and osmolarity disturbances. These conditions often cause fluid retention and altered osmolarity due to impaired organ function.

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IFAH INSYIRAH BINTI ABDUL MUIN (Ifah)

I would agree with the statement that dehydration is a common cause of disturbances in fluid volume and osmolarity. Dehydration occurs when there is a loss of body fluid that can disrupt the balance of electrolytes and overall fluid levels in the body. Thus, it will lead to a change in osmolarity. Babies and young children have a higher risk of becoming dehydrated than adults especially when they get sick. Severely dehydrated babies have a sunken fontanel (soft spot on top of the baby's head). Other than that older people can also easily dehydrated so they need to keep up with their fluid intake.

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Name: Noor Farzana Atiqah Binti Ismayuddin (Zana)

I agree with this statement as the disturbance in the fluid volume and osmolarity can trigger various physiological responses and symptoms such as thirst, fatigue, headaches, dizziness and in severe cases, in can lead to organ dysfunction. To maintain the proper hydration is really a crucial part to preserve the normal fluid in the body. The dehydration is causes by the water loss in the body, either through sweating, diarrhea, vomiting, or inadequate fluid intake. There are several physiological changes that occur during dehydration including decreased total body water, increased osmolarity, shifts in fluid distribution, electrolyte imbalances and hormonal responses. The physiological changes can disrupt the normal balance of fluid volume and osmolarity. As I want to add, the kidneys also play a central role in this fluid volume and osmolarity during dehydration.

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NURULAIMA NABILA (Aima)

In my view, dehydration might not be the most common cause for disturbance in body fluid. Disturbances in body fluid balance can arise not only from water loss but also from excessive water intake, which can disrupt the body's osmolarity. This condition is known as Fluid Overload or Hypervolemia. Hypervolemia occurs when there is an excess of fluid in the body. Hypervolemia disturbs fluid balance by diluting the body's sodium and other electrolytes, potentially causing cellular swelling, including in cerebral cells. Additionally, it can precipitate hypertension and other associated complications. This is my opinion, if you think that there might be any misconception, we can discuss this issue further.

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Nur Syuhada Atiqah Binti Mohd Rizuan (syud)

Water makes up 50-60% of body weight and plays a vital role in the structure of cells, the structure of organ tissues, participation in metabolic activities, and the maintenance of essential bodily functions. Therefore, dehydration has a significant effect on the body. If the body loses 10% of its water, it will suffer from medical conditions. Losing 20-25% of body water can be fatal. I agree that dehydration is the most common cause of disturbances in fluid volume and osmolarity. Disturbances in fluid volume directly lead to dehydration by reducing total body water and increasing blood osmolarity. When we talk about disturbances in fluid volume, we are referring to deficient fluid volume (also known as hypovolemia).

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In fact, dehydration is a significant cause of fluid volume and osmolarity disturbances. However, I could disagree with the statement that it is ''the most common cause" because severe blood loss can significantly reduce fluid volume, causing a more immediate and critical disturbance than dehydration, which typically progresses gradually. While dehydration can be treated with fluid intake, blood loss requires medical intervention, such as blood transfusions, to restore volume. Just my opinion what about others?