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The Neolithic Revolution Begins (10,000 BCE)

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The Neolithic Revolution Begins (10,000 BCE)

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The Neolithic Revolution was when people first learned to farm and raise animals instead of hunting and gathering. This happened around 10,000 years ago and allowed people to settle in one place. It led to the growth of villages and the start of organized societies.

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The first wheel was invented around 3500 BCE in Mesopotamia and was initially used for pottery making. It later revolutionized transportation and trade by being adapted for carts and chariots. This invention marked a pivotal moment in technological and societal advancement.

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Gunpowder is invented (9th century CE, China)

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Gunpowder is invented (9th century CE, China)

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Gunpowder was invented in China during the 9th century. It was made from a mixture of saltpeter, charcoal, and sulfur. This powerful substance changed warfare forever by allowing for the creation of explosives and guns.

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Invention of the printing press (1440, by Johannes Gutenberg)

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Invention of the printing press (1440, by Johannes Gutenberg)

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In 1440, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press, a machine that made it easier to copy books and other writings. Before this, books had to be copied by hand, which took a long time. Gutenberg's invention helped spread ideas and knowledge much faster and made books more affordable.

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Invention of the printing press (1440, by Johannes Gutenberg)

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Columbus "discovers" the Americas (1492)

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Columbus "discovers" the Americas (1492)

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In 1492, Christopher Columbus set sail from Spain and reached the Americas, thinking he had found a new route to Asia. This event is often called the "discovery" of the Americas, even though people had already been living there for thousands of years. His journey marked the beginning of European exploration and colonization of the New World.

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The Protestant Reformation began in 1517 when Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church by posting his Ninety-Five Theses. It led to the establishment of Protestant denominations and significant religious, political, and cultural changes across Europe. This movement questioned church authority and emphasized personal faith and scripture.

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The Council of Trent, held between 1545 and 1563, was a major gathering of the Catholic Church in response to the Protestant Reformation. It aimed to reform church practices, clarify Catholic doctrines, and strengthen discipline among clergy. The council solidified key teachings and played a pivotal role in the Counter-Reformation.

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The steam engine is invented (1698 by Thomas Savery; advanced by James Watt, 1760s)

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The steam engine is invented (1698 by Thomas Savery; advanced by James Watt, 1760s)

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The steam engine was invented in 1698 by Thomas Savery to pump water out of mines. Later, in the 1760s, James Watt made important improvements to the design, making it more powerful and efficient. Watt's version of the steam engine became a key invention that helped power factories and trains during the Industrial Revolution.

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The Agricultural Revolution begins (British Agricultural Revolution, 17th-19th centuries)

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The Agricultural Revolution begins (British Agricultural Revolution, 17th-19th centuries)

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The British Agricultural Revolution began in the 17th century and lasted into the 19th century. During this time, new farming tools and techniques, like crop rotation and better plows, helped farmers grow more food. This made farming more efficient and led to a big increase in food production, which allowed populations to grow.

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The American Revolution begins (1775–1783)

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The American Revolution begins (1775–1783)

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The American Revolution began in 1775 when the American colonies decided to fight for their independence from Britain. The colonists were upset about high taxes and having no say in British decisions that affected them. After years of battles, the colonies won the war in 1783 and became the United States of America.

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The American Revolution begins (1775–1783)

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The French Revolution begins (1789–1799)

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The French Revolution begins (1789–1799)

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The French Revolution started in 1789 when the people of France were unhappy with the king, high taxes, and the unfair treatment of common people. They wanted more rights and a say in their government. The revolution led to the end of the monarchy and big changes in France, including the rise of new leaders like Napoleon.

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The French Revolution begins (1789–1799)

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The Haitian Revolution begins (1791–1804)

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The Haitian Revolution begins (1791–1804)

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The Haitian Revolution began in 1791 when enslaved people in Haiti, which was a French colony, fought for their freedom. Led by figures like Toussaint Louverture, they battled against French forces and eventually won in 1804, making Haiti the first country to be founded by formerly enslaved people and the first independent nation in the Caribbean.

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The Industrial Revolution begins (late 18th century)

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The Industrial Revolution begins (late 18th century)

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The Industrial Revolution began in the late 18th century when new machines and factories started changing how things were made. Instead of people making things by hand, machines could now do the work much faster. This led to big changes in how people lived and worked, with many moving to cities to work in factories.

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The Maxim Gun (machine gun) is invented (1884)

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The Maxim Gun (machine gun) is invented (1884)

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In 1884, the Maxim Gun was invented. It was the first machine gun, which meant it could fire many bullets in a short amount of time. This made it very different from regular guns, which had to be fired one shot at a time. The Maxim Gun changed how battles were fought because it was more powerful and efficient.

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The Internal combustion engine is invented (late 19th century, perfected by Nikolaus Otto, 1876)

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The Internal combustion engine is invented (late 19th century, perfected by Nikolaus Otto, 1876)

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The internal combustion engine was invented in the late 19th century and was perfected by a man named Nikolaus Otto in 1876. This engine works by burning fuel, like gasoline, to create power. It changed how machines and vehicles worked, making them faster and more efficient. Because of this invention, cars, motorcycles, and many other machines became possible, helping people travel and transport goods in new ways.

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The Russian Revolution began in 1917. It was a time when many people in Russia were unhappy with their government, which was ruled by a king called the Tsar. The people wanted more rights and a say in how their country was run. Because of this anger, they joined together to change the government and create a new system. The revolution led to a lot of changes in Russia and eventually changed the country's leadership.

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The Chinese Revolution begins (1927–1949)

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The Chinese Revolution begins (1927–1949)

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The Chinese Revolution started in 1927 and lasted until 1949. During this time, many people in China were unhappy with how the country was being run. There were two main groups: the Nationalists, who wanted a strong government, and the Communists, who wanted to share land and resources with everyone. The two groups fought against each other, and this struggle led to big changes in China. By 1949, the Communists won, and they set up a new government, changing the way China was ruled

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Plastic is invented (first synthetic plastic, Bakelite, invented in 1907)

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Plastic is invented (first synthetic plastic, Bakelite, invented in 1907)

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The first synthetic plastic, called Bakelite, was invented in 1907. Bakelite was a new type of material made from chemicals that could be shaped into many different forms. It was strong, lightweight, and could be used to make a lot of everyday items, like dishes, buttons, and electrical parts. This invention was important because it marked the beginning of the use of plastic in many products we use today, making our lives easier and allowing for new designs and inventions

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The Green Revolution begins (1940s–1960s)

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The Green Revolution begins (1940s–1960s)

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The Green Revolution began in the 1940s and lasted into the 1960s. It was a time when scientists worked to improve farming by creating new ways to grow crops. They developed better seeds, fertilizers, and farming tools, which helped farmers grow more food to feed the growing population. The Green Revolution helped reduce hunger in many parts of the world by making farming more efficient and productive.

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The Cuban Revolution began in 1953 and lasted until 1959. During this time, many people in Cuba were unhappy with their government, which was led by a dictator named Fulgencio Batista. A young leader named Fidel Castro and his followers wanted to change the way the country was run and give more power to the people. They fought against Batista's forces in a long struggle, and by 1959, they succeeded in overthrowing the government. This led to big changes in Cuba, including new laws and policies under Castro's leadership.

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Neil Armstrong steps onto the surface of the moon (1969)

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Neil Armstrong steps onto the surface of the moon (1969)

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In 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first person to step onto the surface of the moon. He was part of a space mission called Apollo 11. When he landed on the moon, he said the famous words, "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." His journey was a huge achievement for space exploration and showed that humans could travel beyond Earth. Armstrong's steps on the moon inspired many people and made history

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The Syrian Civil War begins (Islamist Uprising, 1976–1982)

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The Syrian Civil War begins (Islamist Uprising, 1976–1982)

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The Syrian Civil War, also known as the Islamist Uprising, began between 1976 and 1982. During this time, some groups in Syria were unhappy with the government, which was led by President Hafez al-Assad. These groups, mostly Islamist rebels, wanted to change the government and fought against Assad's forces. The conflict led to violence and unrest across the country. Though this early uprising ended in 1982, it set the stage for future struggles in Syria.

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The Digital Revolution begins (late 20th century)

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The Digital Revolution begins (late 20th century)

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The Digital Revolution began in the late 20th century. It was a time when technology started to change quickly, especially with the invention of computers, the internet, and digital devices like smartphones. People could now communicate, share information, and work in ways that weren’t possible before. The Digital Revolution transformed how we live, making information easier to access and changing how businesses and people around the world connect.