# data[].attributes.headline
Legal and Ethical issues in the use of ICT

# data[].attributes.subject
Legal and Ethical issues in the use of ICT

# data[].attributes.body
Hacking Ethics: The Bangladesh Bank Heist

# data[].attributes.body
Welcome, everyone, to our discussion on Hacking Ethics: The Bangladesh Bank Heist. Today, we’ll explore the fine line between ethical and unethical hacking, particularly focusing on the $81 million stolen from Bangladesh Bank. Let’s consider the motivations behind such acts and the lessons we can learn to improve cybersecurity. I’m excited to hear your thoughts—let’s get started!

# data[].attributes.body
The 2016 Bangladesh Bank Heist showed how hackers could break into even the strict security systems of a big bank and steal $81 million. If they can do this to a bank, it’s clear that regular people are even easier targets for these criminals, which is why strong cybersecurity is so important for everyone.

# data[].attributes.body
I’m sharing a YouTube video link that shows how a girl simply posts pictures on social media, not realizing that a hacker is quietly gathering information from her posts. By the end, the hacker has enough details to access her bank account. This video shows how smart hackers have become and reminds us to be careful about what we share online.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Be careful what you share on social media

# data[].attributes.body
After studying this case study, we all know that the Bangladesh Bank Heist occurred in 2016 at the Bangladesh Central Bank in Dhaka, where approximately $81 million was stolen. This entire heist was pre-planned and exploited vulnerabilities in the SWIFT messaging network. This case is an eye-opener for all of us towards cybercrime.The type of cybercrime committed in this case involved hacking and malware attacks.This incident highlights the importance of cybersecurity and self-awareness.

# data[].attributes.body
The video shared by Arshi is a good example not only of hacking but also of internet addiction. In today's digital era, the increasing use of the internet attracts youngsters, often leading to addiction. This video provides an overview of various types of hacking and their consequences, creating awareness about cybersecurity and emphasizing the importance of responsible hacking practices.

# data[].attributes.body
Hacking can be a serious threat to our personal and financial information.

The Bangladesh bank heist is one of the most infamous instance of a cyberattack involving nation-state-level hackers. In this attack, cybercriminals, presumed to be North Korean managed to steal $81 million from the Bangladesh Central bank's account at the federal Reserve bank of New York. This attack is one of the largest financial heists in history. This attack exhibits that malicious actors can operate from anywhere in the world. Whether you are an individual or an organization understanding how important is cybersecurity is fundamental.

# data[].attributes.body
This Bangladesh Bank heist case is truly an eye opener worldwide. Most of the people around the world keep their savings in their bank accounts for domestic or business expenses but these hackers with their criminal mind hack the bank. The hackers actual initial plan was to hack $1 billion but could only get $81 million as many of their requests were declined, but $81 million is also not a small amount. And on top of this it is believed now that North Korea supported these type of hackers to get their revenge from other countries who disagreed to their launching of missile tests against the inclination of other countries.

# data[].attributes.body
Hacker groups like Lazarus, allegedly backed by North Korea, have become notorious for cyberattacks targeting financial institutions and governments. Their infamous heists, such as the Bangladesh Bank hack, highlight the growing threat of state-sponsored cybercrime. Other groups like Fancy Bear (Russia) and APT10 (China) focus on espionage and intellectual property theft. These attacks emphasize the need for stronger global cybersecurity measures and ethical hacking practices to defend against politically and financially motivated cyber threats.

# data[].attributes.body
The Lazarus Group’s Bangladesh Bank Heist was a carefully timed attack that took advantage of different time zones. By starting the hack just before the weekend in Bangladesh, they delayed detection. Funds in New York were transferred during U.S. business hours, and the money was quickly laundered through the Philippines due to its looser regulations. This strategic timing across three time zones let the group move millions before the bank noticed.

# data[].attributes.body
Hacking has been a world-wide cause, leading to many illegal practices in cyberspace. One of them, as above mentioned is a very sensitive and thought provoking cases in the history of hacking.

# data[].attributes.body
There have been instances when we ourselves have leaked our certain data to someone we trust with whole heart, even without knowing their intentions. We share OTPs, receive calls from frauds who thug us by plastering our minds with their eye opening schemes and then voila! Our data is gone, the money we saved in our accounts is vanished because of one small mistake.

# data[].attributes.body
Rachel rightly said that we often share our personal details with certain banks, hospitals, and other organizations, trusting them to keep our information safe. For example, in 2015, Anthem, a large health insurance company, suffered a massive data breach where hackers stole the personal and medical information of 79 million people. This happened because of a phishing attack, where hackers tricked employees into giving up sensitive information. Later, in 2018, Anthem had to pay a $16 million fine for not properly protecting this data, showing how important it is to safeguard our personal information.

# data[].attributes.body
Adding to what Arshi said, hackers can be categorized on the bases on their intentions and method of hacking as:

Black Hat Hackers are malicious actors who exploit vulnerabilities for personal gain or to cause harm to an individual.

White Hat Hackers are Ethical hackers who use their skills to improve security by identifying and fixing problems faced by the victims.

Grey Hat Hackers violate ethical standards but do not have malicious intent.

Hacktivists are hackers motivated by political or social causes, they raise awareness against injustice towards an individual or an incident.

# data[].attributes.body
The Bangladesh money heist case reminds me of the recent cyberhacking that occurred in 2022

Gang type :Ransomware-as-a-Service

Year of origin :2020

Attacks : Ransomware attack on Costa Rica's government in the year 2022

The impact : This gang called Conti, has been involved in high-profile ransomware attacks on the Government of Costa Rica utilizing a double-extortion strategy that demands ransom for both decryption and non-disclosure of stolen data. This stolen data can be used against the country which could be exceptionally dangerous for the strategic planning and development of Costa Rica.

# data[].attributes.body
This study covered by BBC is about the MoD data breach in which the personal information of an unknown number of serving UK military personnel has been accessed.This data breach highlights the growing need for stronger cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive information, especially in defense sectors where threats are increasing.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
MoD data breach: UK armed forces’ personal details accessed in hack

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The details of serving Army, RAF and Navy personnel are involved, the BBC understands.

# data[].attributes.body
The identity of who conducted the breach remains unknown. There are concerns due to increasing cyber threats against the UK, but no specific group or individual has been publicly identified as responsible for this attack.

# data[].attributes.body
Adding to the MoD breach case shared by arshi, even well resourced organizations like the UK Ministry of Defence are endangered to cyber attacks, also highlighting the evolving nature of cyber threats.

Also this breach may have occurred due to vulnerabilities in the supply chain or third party services. It is necessary for an organization to assess and secure all third party access points and make sure that contractors, service providers and other partners stick to the same cybersecurity standards.

# data[].attributes.body
The 2016 Bangladesh Bank heist is nothing less than a great lesson to everyone. The lesson that teaches us that how easy it is to break into a system. If a bank and it's system can be hacked and an amount of $81can be taken out then how easy it is to hack in to a comman man's details. There are some places where cyber hacking is done on a large scale but it is neglected by the government. However these things should be taken into consideration as at some it is a serious issue and hackers don't even leave the official government system.

# data[].attributes.body
Adding to the video shared by Arshi. As the video was an eye opening on how easy it is to collect you details bits by bits and cracking into your system. And also we can learn what not to do on social media as now a days people use social media more and share unwanted information which some hackers are waiting for.

# data[].attributes.body
Just as arshi shared about the MoD data breach, a recent incident that i heard of, i would like to share. It is about the Car rental company called Avis which suffered a data breach impacting nearly 300,000 customers after an unauthorised third party accessed a business application. Avis said the attacker breached the company’s business application between August 3 and August 6, 2024, and was detected on August 5, 2024.

This data breach shows that even multinational companies and agencies world wide are facing cyberattacks. To eradicate them stricter laws and punishments for the hacker should be implemented.

# data[].attributes.body
Even we as youth having easy access to social networking sites we should restrain from uploading sensitive information in any aspect. This could prevent data breach. In case of muti million dollar companies, i think speacial efforts should be put in keeping the consumer identity discreet. Such small measures may help in preventing cyberattacks and cyber crimes.

# data[].attributes.body
I'd like to share two links that offer in-depth insights into the Bangladesh Bank heist. The first link is a podcast from BBC World Service, which provides a comprehensive analysis, and the second link is an eye-catching trailer for the documentary 'Billion Dollar Heist', which is available in its entirety on Jio Cinema.

Links:

https://youtube.com/watch?v=mCX-Px7H4h4&si=PwoDQkk8dV7JfbGm

https://youtu.be/4zv56MUXgw8?si=wBIsf-0dt63mFwWd

# data[].attributes.body
The article shared by Arshi on the MoD data breach serves as a reminder that even a simple mistake can result in major data exposure, and insufficient security measures can allow unauthorised access.

Unfortunately, this is not the only incident, as numerous similar cases have occurred. One case that comes to mind is India's Aadhaar data breach, which was one of the largest data breaches in 2018. It reportedly leaked sensitive information, including names, bank details, and private biometric data, of nearly every registered Indian citizen.These incidents make us aware about cyber threats, highlighting the importance of ensuring national security, data protection, and, most crucially, public trust.

# data[].attributes.body
The other day I read about a new term "Quishing" which is a form of phishing attack that uses QR codes instead of text-based links in emails, digital platforms or on physical items. Quishing is a social engineering technique used by scammers and cybercriminals to trick you into providing personal information or downloading malware onto your device.

# data[].attributes.body
I, also read an incident related to quishing.

A women in Australia visited a cafe. After ordering what she needed she tried to pay through a QR stuck at the cafe. When she scanned the QR code, she was redirect to a fraudulent website that mimics exactly like the banks online portal. She entered all her credentials on the portal and unknowingly gave all her bank information to the hackers.

# data[].attributes.body
Here are examples of 'quishing' scams, where fake QR codes are used to trick users into visiting malicious sites that capture their personal information. These attacks show how hackers exploit QR codes to disguise phishing links.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
5 Examples of Real-World QR Code Attacks

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
QR codes have become an essential part of our daily lives, making things like checking menus, getting discounts, and verifying product authenticity easier. However, their increasing popularity has also made them a target for cybercriminals.

# data[].attributes.body
After reading what Ayesha , Nikita and Arshi shared above it is very obvious that hacking can be done in any way possible for the hackers and common people can be hacked very easily through such incidents. I think it should be a necessity to know and understand cybersecurity for each and everyone using digital devices to keep them safe from this malicious hacking activities.

# data[].attributes.body
I feel that this case has various cybercrimes involved, such as software piracy, malware, money laundering, SWIFT system manipulation, and many more. However, hacking lies at the core.

# data[].attributes.body
Hacking involves some ethics that guide not only hackers but professionals, cybersecurity, and organizations. Ethically, it involves informed consent of each individual, neutrality, confidentiality, transparency, and responsibility. As per my research, I found out that there are three major types of hacking: 1) White-Hat Hacking: legal and authorized 2) Grey-Hat Hacking: semi-authorised and sometimes unethical. 3) Black-Hat Hacking: Unauthorised & illegal. Also, hacking concerns with regards to ICT pose serious threats to various organisations by using different types of hacking, such as ransomware, SQL injection, and phishing emails, and now the hackers are threatening people through cloud computing and artificial intelligence.

# data[].attributes.body
I'm sharing two amazing trailers - one for a movie and one for a documentary. Both are based on AI hacking and how big companies steal our data. You can stream both on Netflix.

https://youtu.be/KEfeMPGj-Dw?si=CnN1iy0RP19i2bvQ

https://youtu.be/iX8GxLP1FHo

# data[].attributes.body
Yes, the movie CTRL mentioned by Nikita, is one of the best examples of how AI can also lead to hacking. There are instances when these hackers use AI as s source to fetch data. As they try playing through your mind, they play with your internal storage of your devices and reside there to capture any minute detail they need just to blackmail us, or just retrieve all the important data they require

# data[].attributes.body
One related real life insident occurred in 2019. The hackers used AI deepfake technology to clone a CEO’s voice, tricking a UK energy executive into transferring €220,000 to a fake supplier. The AI replicated the CEO's accent and intonation, making the call highly convincing. This incident highlighted the dangers of AI in social engineering and the need for stronger cybersecurity and verification methods.

# data[].attributes.body
This article shows that hackers can use AI with modified HDMI cables to steal data like passwords. This method can involve AI analyzing screen patterns or keystrokes over HDMI connections, which the cables capture and send back to hackers. With AI, they quickly process the data and identify sensitive information.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How are hackers using AI and HDMI cables to steal your passwords

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
AI and deep learning algorithms used by hackers to steal sensitive information via HDMI cables decoded with electromagnetic frequencies.

# data[].attributes.body
This article highlights increasing concerns of two-factor authentication (2FA), a security measure to safeguard online accounts. 2FA is increasingly being evaded by hackers using social engineering techniques.

2FA is used to make account more secure by requiring one time password (OTP) which is sent through email or phone number. However hackers are able to bypass this security layer by infecting phone with malicious software that seize the OTP.

Also Cyber criminals manipulate victims by calling them and pretending to be from trusted service and trick them into revealing OTP sent to their phone.

The article stresses that while 2FA remains an important security measure it is not foolproof. Therefore users need to remain more cautious and adopt more advance security to stay protected.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Cybersecurity experts warn of hackers bypassing two-factor authentication, urging vigilance and caution to safeguard digital accounts.

# data[].attributes.body
As Bushra talked about 2 factor authentication, a simple question that came to my mind was how does 2FA protect against phishing and cyberattacks?

Two-factor authentication or 2FA increases protection against phishing attacks by second verification step after entering a password. It basically checks twice . Even if a user becomes a victim to a phishing scam and states their password, the attacker is unable to get into the account without the second factor, such as a code sent to the user's mobile device or an authentication app. Usually confidential apps like banking and finance use OTP's which is nothing but a one time password. This additional layer makes it difficult for cybercriminals to explore the account or stolen passwords , as they would need access to both the password and the second factor to actually get entry into the app

# data[].attributes.body
As ayesha said that 2 factor authentication is an important security measure making it difficult for the hackers to intercept OTP's, but there are certain ways in which they can bypass this, following are few ways used by hackers:

1. Phishing attacks- Hackers can trick users into entering their OTP's through fraudulent websites or emails that appear genuine. Once the user enters their OTP the hacker can capture it.

2. Malware: If a user's device is defected with malware it can capture the OTP or even the user's login credentials. These tools monitor everything that is typed or displayed on the screen including OTP.

3. SIM card swapping- Here the attackers convinces a mobile carrier to transfer the victims phone number to a new sim card. Allowing the hackers to intercept SMS based OTP and gain access to the account.

One real life incident occurred in 2020 where a group of hackers known as "Twitter hackers" they breached the twitter account of high profile individuals like Barack Obama, Joe Biden and Elon Musk. Even though their accounts were having 2FA enabled the hackers used SIM swapping to take control of the phone numbers. Allowing them to receive 2FA codes sent through SMS and access the accounts.

# data[].attributes.body
Reading various case studies related to hacking and collecting information about the notorious groups that are involved in this illegal act, following are some of the motivations behind hacking.

1. Money: Hackers attacked the Bangladesh Bank in 2016 and stole $81 million by breaking into the bank’s system.

2. Politics: The group Anonymous has hacked government websites to protest issues like internet censorship or human rights abuses.

3. Revenge: In 2017, an ex-employee of the company Tesla hacked their system and leaked confidential data after being fired.

4. Business Competition: Chinese hackers reportedly broke into American companies to steal designs and business secrets to help Chinese businesses compete.

5. Curiosity: In the 1980s, a group of teenagers in Germany hacked into U.S. military systems just to see if they could do it.

6. Fame: In 1999, a Canadian teenager known as "Mafiaboy" hacked into major sites like Yahoo and eBay to show off his skills, gaining worldwide attention.

# data[].attributes.body
As we are on the subject of hacking and cyber crimes, i would like to bring it to everyone's notice that this hacking can be used to provide security as well. Ethical hacking significantly improves security for small businesses by identifying weaknesses before hackers can have access to them. Here are a few points which are taken care of;

1.Vulnerability Assessment: Ethical hackers conduct penetration testing to uncover weaknesses in systems, helping businesses bolster their defenses

2.Employee Training: They raise awareness through simulated attacks, educating staff on security best practices and potential threatse

3.Regulatory Compliance: Ethical hacking aids in meeting data protection regulations, reducing the risk of penalties for non-compliance

4.Cost Savings: By preventing data breaches, small businesses can avoid substantial financial losses associated with cyberattacks

# data[].attributes.body
Here is a case that used hacking as a tool to strengthen the cybersecurity system. The case involved FirstBank, which hired the cybersecurity firm Randori to run simulated cyberattacks over three years. In this "red team" exercise, Randori’s team of ethical hackers attempted to breach FirstBank's security systems while the bank's cybersecurity team, or "blue team," defended against them. This arrangement helped the bank continuously test and improve its cybersecurity protocols.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
FirstBank hired hackers to breach its systems. It took them three years.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The bank’s chief information security officer shared why it took so long for the hackers to get in, what worked during the exercise and what didn’t.

# data[].attributes.body
"Red teaming" is a cybersecurity approach where companies hire ethical hackers, known as the "red team," to simulate real-world cyberattacks on their systems. This lets the company’s own security team, or "blue team," test their defenses against realistic threats. These exercises often reveal hidden vulnerabilities in areas like IoT devices or internal email systems, which regular security checks might miss. Through red teaming, companies develop stronger, more layered defenses and get a clearer understanding of how attackers might target their systems. This proactive strategy is widely used in industries where data protection is critical, such as finance, healthcare, and government, as it allows organizations to stay ahead of potential attacks.

# data[].attributes.body
Red teaming helps companies like IBM, Microsoft, FirstBank, and Palo Alto Networks find real security risks by simulating attacks, testing employees, and keeping defenses strong and up-to-date.

# data[].attributes.body
https://youtu.be/uaaC57tcci0?si=d-uQghmHDpnZSWSt

Sharing a trailer for the documentary film “The Social Dilemma," which highlights concerns that intersect with hacking, emphasising the need for responsible tech development, digital literacy, and cybersecurity awareness.

# data[].attributes.body
Cybersecurity awareness program helps to understand and recognise up-to-date cyber attack threats.

As cyberattacks are increasing rapidly worldwide and there is a need of cybersecurity awareness, the Indian government has initiated a free cybersecurity awareness program 'NIELIT UP' where students from 8th std, colleges and universities can join various courses from their official online portal.

I am sharing a link of their 5-day free course program for students to aware them about the risk of illegal activities they can face and how to deal with it. https://nielitup.in/upload_docs/Booklet/Booklet_05Days_Cyber%20Security%20Awareness%20Programme_082022.pdf

Similarly, the US government also has CISA Cybersecurity Awareness Program. https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/programs/cisa-cybersecurity-awareness-program

# data[].attributes.body
Adding more to what Asma said, NPTEL and SWAYAM also offer introductory courses on cybersecurity aimed at teaching key digital safety skills. NPTEL’s course covers topics like encryption and network security, while SWAYAM’s program, led by experienced instructors, focuses on secure online practices, digital forensics, and cyber laws in India. Both courses are accessible online, provide certificates, and help learners protect against cyber threats.

# data[].attributes.body
To build skills in protecting device privacy and preventing hacking, courses in cybersecurity are invaluable. These courses teach how to use antivirus software to detect malware, VPNs to secure internet connections, and password managers for secure access. Training in Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) adds layers to login processes, and students learn to utilize device tracking apps for secure remote access and data protection. Additionally, coursework covers encryption tools for private communication and ad blockers to prevent tracking. These skills are essential for anyone aiming to defend against cyber threats effectively.

# data[].attributes.body
Cybersecurity courses are essential for building skills in privacy protection and hacking prevention. They offer hands-on training, industry certifications (e.g., CEH, CISSP), and exposure to the latest tools like firewalls and threat detection systems. These courses open career opportunities as ethical hackers, cybersecurity analysts, and more. Besides technical skills, they also cover legal, ethical issues, and soft skills like communication and problem-solving—crucial for today’s security landscape.

# data[].attributes.body
Follow are ways to prevent one's data from hacking:

1. Use strong, unique passwords for each account

A simple password like "12345" is easy to guess. Instead, use something like "F7g!@9hL2*7Q" to make it much harder for hackers.

2. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) on important accounts

2FA adds an extra step to logging in, like needing a key (your phone) after entering your password. Even if someone gets your password, they can’t access your account without the second key.

3. Keep software and devices updated

When you don’t update your apps or software, they can have security gaps. In 2017, the WannaCry attack happened because people didn’t update Windows, leaving them open to hacking.

4. Avoid public Wi-Fi for sensitive transactions or use a VPN

Public Wi-Fi can be risky, like talking in a crowded place where anyone can listen. A VPN keeps your connection safe by creating a private tunnel for your data.

5. Be careful with unknown links and attachments

Don’t open links or attachments in emails you didn’t expect. For example, a fake bank email can trick you into downloading malware that steals your information.

6. Install and update antivirus software

Antivirus software acts like a guard that watches for threats. Programs like Norton or McAfee help keep your device safe from viruses and malware.

7. Secure your home Wi-Fi with a strong password and encryption

If your Wi-Fi password is easy (like "admin123"), anyone can connect. A strong password and encryption make it harder for strangers to get on your network.

8. Back up important data

If you don’t back up your files, you could lose everything if your computer crashes or gets attacked. Backing up to an external drive or the cloud keeps your data safe.

9. Limit personal info on social media

Sharing too much personal information, like your birthday or address, makes it easier for hackers to steal your identity. Keep some details private.

10. Stay informed about cybersecurity

Knowing how to spot scams, like fake emails pretending to be from Amazon, helps you avoid falling for tricks

that could steal your personal info.

# data[].attributes.body
Yes prevention is important.

Hacking has a variety of social, economic, and national effects on each individual. I believe that everyone should take precautions against hacking, such as avoiding clicking on dubious links or odd advertisements, upgrading software often, utilizing a VPN, and—above all—raising awareness and educating others about cyberthreats.

# data[].attributes.body
Adding more to the impacts of hacking, Cybersecurity breaches have major impacts across finance, privacy, operations, and mental well-being. The Bangladesh Bank Heist in 2016, where hackers stole $81 million, highlighted severe financial vulnerabilities. The 2017 Equifax breach exposed personal data of 147 million people, resulting in identity theft and legal battles. Yahoo’s 2013-2014 breach, affecting 3 billion accounts, eroded trust and hurt its market value. Operational disruptions like the 2017 WannaCry ransomware attack on the UK’s NHS showed how ransomware can halt critical services. Breaches also have psychological effects; victims of the 2019 Capital One breach reported stress and anxiety, while Facebook’s 2019 Cambridge Analytica scandal brought lawsuits and increased scrutiny over data privacy. Each incident reveals how breaches disrupt lives, companies, and essential systems.

# data[].attributes.body
Following are the steps that a victim should follow if one's device gets hacked:

1.Update all passwords, especially for compromised accounts, using strong, unique ones.

2. Set up 2FA for key accounts to improve security.

3. Perform antivirus and anti-malware scans on all devices.

4. Review bank and credit card statements for any unauthorized transactions.

5. Notify friends and family who may be affected by the hack.

6. Report the breach to the affected platform and authorities if needed.

7.Consider freezing your credit to prevent identity theft.

8. Be cautious of suspicious emails or messages asking for personal info.

9.Reach out to cybersecurity centers for guidance on securing your data.

# data[].attributes.body
To prevent cyberattacks like the Bangladesh bank heist, here are some measures which must be implemented by both financial institutions and individuals:

1. Doing regular audits of the systems which include hardware, software and networks to spot any weakness or issues and to ensure it's reliability.

2. Keeping all the systems and softwares up to date as attackers often exploit outdated software as seen in the Bangladesh bank heist case.

3. Adding Multi-factor Authentication (MFA) for stronger security where users have to provide more than one form of identification like a password plus a fingerprint or face recognition.

4. Use of tokenization Or 3D secure protocol for strong and secure payment transfers.

5. Training and raising awareness among the employees on attacks like phishing, social engineering and cyber threats. Also conducting mock phishing attacks to test and train also to teach how to handle doubtful emails.

6. Using end to end encryption for sensitive internal and external communications, VPN's (Virtual Private Networks) should be implemented for for employees working remotely.

7. Giving access of sensitive information to all the employees can be harmful. Employees should be given access to the information only needed to execute their tasks.

8. Cybersecurity followed by the financial institutions should also be practiced by the third party vendors associated to them.

Cybersecurity is a continuos process so it is important to adopt these measures to remain observant.

# data[].attributes.body
When we talk about security it doesn't necessarily mean of our surrounding but also the important data that we have, all our softwares and other storage devices we use to keep our data. And for that cyber security is a must. Bangladesh bank heist was nothing but an eye opener to warn us that our data can be leaked or hacked without any of us knowing. And for that the above mentioned measures said by Arshi and Bushra are needed. It is essential to protect our cyber activities similar to the way we protect ourselves, because times are changing. And any small mistake may lead to a permanent or rather a temporary but a strong damage.

# data[].attributes.body
The points provided by Arshi and Bushra is very helpful when it comes to setting secure password and to know how not to share unwanted things.

Also we can share the same information with our friends and family so that others don't get their information leaked.

# data[].attributes.body
Nowadays everything has become online and due to this most of our documents and information are saved digitally. In this advanced online world, not only big organisations but an individual too must me careful about their digital devices and online activities. One must surely take safety measures mentioned by Arshi and Bushra in order to keep their devices safe from all kind of malicious hacking.

# data[].attributes.body
How to Check if Your Device is Hacked

A hacked device often shows signs like slow performance or frequent overheating, rapid battery drain, and unexplained spikes in data usage. One might notice unauthorized changes such as apps being installed or settings altered without your permission. Excessive pop-ups or ads can also indicate malware. Suspicious messages, such as emails or texts sent without your knowledge, are another warning sign. Pay attention to security alerts from your accounts or antivirus software, as well as unknown processes or apps running in the background. Identifying these signs early can help you take quick action to secure your device.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
NEW

Your gateway to all our best protection. Access our best apps, features and technologies under just one account. Get antivirus, anti-ransomware, privacy tools, data leak detection, home Wi-Fi monitoring and more.
Learn more Free trial

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to remove a hacker from your smartphone

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
NEW Your gateway to all our best protection. Access our best apps, features and technologies under just one account. Get antivirus, anti-ransomware, privacy tools, data leak detection, home Wi-Fi monitoring and more. Learn more Free trial

# data[].attributes.body
Steps to Secure Your Device are Disconnect from the internet immediately, update and scan with reliable antivirus software, change all passwords using a secure device, consult a cybersecurity professional if necessary.

# data[].attributes.body
The McAfee article suggests securing your smartphone with strong passwords, two-factor authentication, and mobile security software. It also advises downloading apps from trusted sources, updating regularly, avoiding public Wi-Fi without a VPN, and backing up data.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
7 Tips to Protect Your Smartphone from Getting Hacked | McAfee Blog

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There’s little rest for your hard-working smartphone. If you’re like many professionals today, you use it for work, play, and a mix of personal business

# data[].attributes.body
To secure your data from breaching or hacking one must ensure various steps, one of them also refers to keep a tap on all the accounts or ids at regular basis.

Cyber bullying or hacking is a crime and is illegal too.

# data[].attributes.body
These are all the IPC Sections for cyber attacks or breaching

Section 43 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act): Under Section 43 of Chapter IX of the Act, whoever, without the permission of the person in charge of the computer system, accesses, downloads any data, introduces a computer virus, or causes denial of access will be liable to a penalty up to Rs 1 crore.

Section 65 of the IT Act: Under Section 65, whoever tampers with computer source documents knowingly or intentionally conceals, destroys, alters, or causes another to hide, destroy, or change any computer source code will be punishable with imprisonment up to three years or with a fine that may extend up Rs 2 lakh or with both.  Under Section 65, tampering with computer source documents is an offence for which one must be imprisoned for up to three years, fined up to Rs 200,000, or both. A new Act has come in called the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), which was formerly known as the Indian Penal Code (IPC).

(Taken from- https://iclg.com/practice-areas/cybersecurity-laws-and-regulations/india)

# data[].attributes.body
It's unlikely that hacking will ever be eradicated completely, but it's impact and risk can be considerably minimized. Here are some points why hacking can't be completely prevented:

1. Human error: Humans tend to fall for phishing emails or clicking on harmful links also keeping weak passwords these mistakes make cybercriminals successfull in hacking our systems.

2. Insider threats: Some hacks emerge from within an organization, employees may misuse their privilege of accessing information. Preventing this can be difficult as these individuals already have access to the systems.

3. Constantly evolving threats: Hackers constantly find new methods to exploit vulnerabilities. Continuous growth of technology evolves tactics of cybercriminals too.

4. Complexity of systems: The larger the digital systems the more opportunities exist for vulnerabilities. No system is 100% secure from small websites to major multinational companies security gaps can exist anywhere.

Ultimately, the goal isn't to prevent hacking completely, but to reduce the likelihood of successful attacks and to minimize the damage when they do occur.

# data[].attributes.body
Some preventive measures:

https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-prevent-getting-hacked/

From my point of view, I've learned how complex modern technology can be. After exploring these moral and legal concerns, I realized how important it is for everyone to take caution, make informed choices, and work together to enhance the internet for all.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
From our testing of the best password managers our there, we recommend trying out LastPass or KeePass.

Learn How to Spot a Phishing Attack

Quickly clicking can be your worst enemy. When a new email or text message arrives, and it includes something that can be tapped or clicked, our instincts often lead us to do it straight away. Don't.

Hackers have used the pandemic as cover to launch wave after wave of phishing attacks and dumb Google Drive scams.

Anyone can fall for these types of scams. The main thing to do is to think before you click. Scam messages try to trick people into behaving in a way they wouldn't normally-with, say, pretend instant demands from a boss or messages that say an urgent response is required.

There's no foolproof way to identify every type of phishing effort or scam-scammers are constantly upping their game-but being aware of the threat can help reduce its effectiveness. Be cautious, think before you click, and download files only from people and sources you know and trust.

Every piece of technology you use-from the Facebook app on your phone to the operating system that controls your smart lightbulb-is open to attack. Thankfully, companies are always finding new bugs and fixing them. That's why it's crucial you download and update the latest versions of the apps and software you're using.

Start with your phone. Navigate to your device settings and find out what operating system you're using, and update it if you're not on the latest version (iOS 14 is the latest for iPhones; Android 11 is the latest from Google). For apps and games, Apple's iOS 13 and above downloads updates automatically, although these settings can be customized. On Android, auto-updates can also be turned on by visiting the settings page in the Google Play Store.

Once you've updated your phone, you need to work out what devices to update next. Generally these should be done in order of potential impact. Any laptops and computers you own should be high up the list, and then work back through other connected devices in your life. Remember: Everything is vulnerable, including your internet-connected chastity belt.

Protecting your communications has never been easier. Over the last half-decade, companies handling our personal data-including the messages we send and the files we upload to the cloud -have realized that encryption can help them as well as their customers. Using encrypted services means that what you're sending is better protected against surveillance and won't be accessible if your device gets lost or stolen.

There are two main end-to-end encrypted messaging services, Signal and WhatsApp. Messages (including photos and videos) plus voice calls and video calls are encrypted by default within both apps. They both also let you use disappearing messages, which remove what you've sent after a set period of time. The practice can help keep your chats private, even from those that have access to your devices. Our advice is to use Signal where possible, as it collects less metadata than WhatsApp and isn't owned by Facebook. But if you can't get your friends to move to Signal, WhatsApp offers a lot more protection than apps that don't use end-to-end encryption by default.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
6 Things You Need to Do to Prevent Getting Hacked

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
From our testing of the best password managers our there, we recommend trying out LastPass or KeePass. Learn How to Spot a Phishing Attack Quickly clicking can be your worst enemy. When a new email or text message arrives, and it includes something that can be tapped or clicked, our instincts often lead us to do it straight away.

# data[].attributes.body
There isn’t any cure that’s meant to stop any hacker. But there are ways to prevent it, it also includes avoiding public charging ports and changing passwords of all devices and ids.

Unhealthy Hacking is a crime and it should not be practiced.

# data[].attributes.body
Along Bangladesh bank heist, many smaller cases came into limelight and studying and researching about it gave a good view of how tiny mistake by audience can create havoc. Therefore if ever you may face any problem relating to cyber theft or data breaching, or any issue related to cyber security you may reach out to them via helpline number- 1930.

# data[].attributes.body
This case study on Bangladesh Bank was a wide spectrum that were linked just by use of internet. It gave a good thought process to safeguard our privacy and our data. And hence, I would like to conclude this by just saying, protecting our internet privacy is important, even though hackers may come in various shapes and sizes and can fit in our devices in multiple ways we should be aware and take timely precautions for the same.

Along with that, spreading right awareness verbally and through demonstrations can awaken people of the crimes happening in country due to a small term ‘hacking’.

# data[].attributes.body
This discussion focused on important hacking issues, including the 2016 Bangladesh Bank Heist, and ways to prevent such attacks. It highlighted the importance of staying alert to signs of hacking, like unexpected changes or security warnings. To protect against attacks, the discussion stressed using strong passwords, enabling two-factor authentication, keeping software updated, and using secure networks. Ethical hacking also came up as a useful approach to improve security by simulating attacks. The conversation emphasized that raising cybersecurity awareness, providing training, and working together globally are key to protecting personal, financial, and organizational data in today’s digital world.

# data[].attributes.body
In conclusion, it is important to stay alert and take steps to protect against cyber threats. By recognizing signs of hacking early, using strong passwords, enabling two-factor authentication, and keeping software updated, we can make our systems safer. Ethical hacking helps us strengthen our defenses. Also, spreading awareness, providing training, and working together globally are essential to protect data. In today’s digital world, it’s important to protect personal, financial, and organizational data to ensure security.

Thank you!