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List 3 things you notice from this article.

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List 3 things you notice from this article.

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(Click the plus button and post them below)

Sign into Padlet so I can see your name on your post

If you are not able to, type your name on each of your posts

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Write a one paragraph synthesis of what  you learned from both articles.  Develop a point of view and include 2 quotes.  Must have 9 detailed sentences minimum. I want you to write yourself not have AI do it.

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Research- Find another article on this topic- Post the link

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Research- Find another article on this topic- Post the link

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Transcript: https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/new-world-screwworm-flies/#segment-transcript

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How Millions Of Flies Can Help Stop The New World Screwworm

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The New World Screwworm is creeping north, threatening cattle in Mexico and the US. Fighting flies with flies has worked before.

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Audio: How Millions Of Flies Can Help Stop The New World Screwworm

https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/how-millions-of-flies-can-help-stop-the-new-world-screwworm/id73329284?i=1000718445545

You can listen to this or just read the audio transcript (next column).

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This quote is directly from the article.  Find one sentence that meant something to you.  Use quotation marks.

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This quote is directly from the article.  Find one sentence that meant something to you.  Use quotation marks.

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1. Screwworms will lay their eggs in any warm-blooded animal.

2. Screwworms can even attack humans

3. There's a program that radiates these flies.

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"Education is definitely a very important tool that we can use to our effects, because we need to tell people what this thing does and have them prepared."

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The first thing I noticed was that the screwworms have been here for a long time, since the mid-1800s. The second thing I noticed was that the screwworm seems to be a real problem that could cause harm, as we needed to eradicate them. The last thing I noticed was the way we could stop them was by dropping millions of bugs out of airplanes.

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1. I wonder how screwworms became a problem.

2. I also wonder why they choose to lay their eggs in warm-blooded animals.

3. I wonder if farmers now about the screwworms.

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1. The New World screwworm fly was eradicated from the U.S. in the 1970s but has been moving north from Central America and Mexico.

2. The eradication method involves releasing millions of sterile male flies produced in labs and sterilized with radiation so wild females mate with them and lay eggs that don’t hatch.

3. These flies infest warm blooded animals by laying eggs in open wounds, where the larvae eat living tissue.

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1.Screw worms are considered an invasive species.

2. Screw worms have been thought to have been eradicated from the US in the 1970's but they still exist.

3. Screw worms target warm blooded animals which they lay their eggs in.

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1. Screwworms are a bad species to have around, as they impact industries such as livestock and cattle.

2. They are decomposers, which means they clean up carcasses.

3. Dropping millions of bugs from airplanes was done as an attempt to get rid of the screwworms.

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1. The screwworm fly was supposedly eradicated from the U.S. back in the 70's but is coming back

2. The screwworm fly lays its eggs on the wounds of an animal which slowly eat their victims from the inside out

3. A program started to kill these flies which included learning how the are created and how they can be better dealt with

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1. Screwworm flies only mate once in their lifetime

2. The United States funds the screwworm control program in Mexico and Panama, helping to keep the flies from reaching U.S. borders.

3. These flies already made a comeback in the Florida Keys in 2016, where they infected all kinds of animals like dogs, cats, pigs, and even a raccoon.

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1. Screwworms had to be eradicated due to their negative impact industries, which causes a concern.

2. The impact of screwworms was first seen in the mid-1800s as industries and livestock began to expand.

3. By removing screwworms from the ecosystem, it saves the lives of animals and as well as humans.

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"This fly is notorious for laying eggs in the wounds of animals and slowly eating its victims from the inside out."

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"Key signs of screwworm infestations can include wounds that appear not to be healing or have excessive drainage or odor. Animals may exhibit irritated behavior such as head shaking, the smell of decaying flesh and maggots in the wound of a living animal."

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1. I wonder if screwworms can spread rapidly?

2. Do screw worms cause pain to animals and humans?

3. I wonder how many eggs they lay?

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"These flies will lay their eggs in all warm blooded animals including humans, which isn’t common, but it can happen."

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"I think it's important that people do some research, look it up, and realize that this is a real insect".

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"These insects, particularly, are not playing a viable role in any ecosystems, so taking them out doesn’t impact anything else."

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"So the fact that they have moved out of that area and are now significantly moved further north than what we would really like them to be, it does put us on edge just a bit and does make it a very big concern."

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Flesh-Eating ‘Screwworm’ Parasites Are Headed to the U.S. What That Means for You

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Screwworm parasites primarily infect livestock, but human cases have risen in Central America after the pests escaped containment

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"...I think it’s important that people do some research, look it up, and realize that this is a real insect. We do target talking to livestock folks, because we know people who own cattle and other livestock are going to be impacted. So we just want people to be aware, to understand its importance and the significance and the reason why we need to keep it out of the United States."

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1. The screwworms had a big impact not just on the cattle industry, but are also a threat to warm-blooded animals in general.

2. one of the strategies that scientists have to deal with screwworms have to do with dropping millions of flies out of airplanes.

3. the screworms only mate with once in their entire life

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1. The screwworm fly will lay their eggs in all warm-blooded animals.

2. Entomologists have to grow these flies in laboratories in order for them to be able to understand them and then know how to kill them.

3. When the flies hit the pupa stage, scientists irradiate them with processes that destroy them in a genetic fashion that prevents them from producing more offspring.

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1. I wonder what caused the screwworms to move out of their usual area.

2. I wonder how we could solve the screwworm problem.

3. I wonder how bad things could get if this issue continues to occur.

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1. What caused the screwworm outbreak to occur?

2. Why does the screwworm only target warm-blooded animals and wounds?

3. Why was the public scared of the screwworm outbreak?

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"And again, it’s just lack of education. And most folks don’t anything about it. I mean, I didn’t learn about it until I was in grad school to be an entomologist. So it is kind of like out of a sci-fi movie because it’s such a freaky insect that you think, this can’t be real. But it is real."

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¨Also, the animal should be immediately confined for wound care, and all larvae should be removed and placed into alcohol. After removing the larvae, treat the infestation with topical pesticides labeled for use on the animal to kill any larvae that may not have been removed and reduce the likelihood of re-infestation. The wound should be monitored until it fully heals.¨

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1. Screwworm flies will lay their eggs in all warm-blooded animals

2. When the pupa stage is reached by the screwworms, they release them with the processes, and then they change the production of the radiation. So, leading to the Screwworms destroying them in a genetic fashion that prevents them from producing future offspring.

3. They Can Only Mate once in their life

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The first thing I wonder is if these incests could spread to countries outside of North America? The second thing I wonder is if there are multiple different species. The last thing I wonder is whether or not there are other ways of getting rid of these screwworms.

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New World Screwworm Moves Beyond Containment Threshold

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New World Screwworm breaches containment near U.S. border. USDA warns of $1.9B risk to Texas cattle alone. Learn about the threat and treatment options.

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1. Could climate change make it for the screwworm to return to the U.S. permanently?

2. How did the screwworm come to be?

3. What would happen to livestock industries and wildlife if the screwworm outbreak reached U.S. soil again?

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1- Screwworms lay their eggs in any type of living animal even humans or their pets

2- Screwworms feed off the tissue inside wounds the more eggs are laid and hatched the bigger the wound can get leading to serious harm and could be fatal

3- Many people had though the Screwworms had been eradicated from the U.S during the late 60's, later found out they weren't and were coming back

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New World screwworm (NWS) is a parasitic fly known for its larvae (maggots), which feed on living tissues of warm-blooded animals.

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1. I wonder how many eggs they lay.

2. I wonder how screwworms became a problem.

3. I wonder what we can do to get rid of screwworms.

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1. Screwworms lay eggs in open wounds of warm-blooded animals.

2. It can cause the losses of livestock and wild-life related industries if they continue to spread.

3. Screwworms can even affect pets and humans.

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Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

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The name screwworm refers to the maggots' feeding behavior as they burrow (screw) into the wound, feeding as they go like a screw being driven into wood. Maggots cause extensive damage by tearing at the hosts' tissue with sharp mouth hooks. The wound can become larger and deepen as more maggots hatch and feed on living tissue. As a result, NWS can cause serious, often deadly damage to the animal.

Adult screwworm flies are about the size of a common housefly (or slightly larger). They have orange eyes, a metallic blue or green body, and three dark stripes along their backs.

Report mammals and birds with the following signs:

Irritated behavior

Head shaking

The smell of decay

Presence of fly larvae (maggots) in wounds

Learn More
Browse NWS Photo Gallery View NWS Life Cycle Download NWS Informational Products
The best way to keep screwworm out of this country is to prevent introductions. NWS can infest mammals, including people, and birds. Here are steps you can take to avoid infestation:

Be alert for NWS symptoms in pets and livestock.

Ensure that pets traveling internationally are inspected for screwworm.

Check your vehicle for screwworm flies if you are in an NWS-infested area.

If you think you have found a screwworm, report it immediately to your State animal health official and APHIS office. This will allow APHIS and partner agencies to respond quickly and remove the screwworms before a population becomes established.
Traveling with a dog? View U.S. entry requirements
Eradicating NWS is only possible through sterile insect technique (237.54 KB). With this method, sterile male flies are released into an area where a known population has become established. The sterile male flies mate with wild female NWS flies, which then lay unfertilized eggs. Because female NWS flies mate just once in their lifespan, the NWS population progressively reduces and ultimately dies out.

Animals infested with NWS should be treated according to their veterinarian's recommendations.

Currently, there are no animal drugs approved by FDA for the treatment or prevention of New World Screwworm (NWS) myiasis in animals. FDA provides information to support veterinarians with identifying FDA-approved animal drugs labeled for indications other than NWS myiasis that scientific literature indicates may be effective to prevent or treat NWS myiasis.

There are pesticides to potentially use against NWS. View list.

People who suspect they are infested with NWS should seek immediate medical treatment following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. For information on how screwworms affect people or to report human disease, visit CDC at About New World Screwworm Myiasis and Clinical Overview of New World Screwworm Myiasis.

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New World Screwworm | Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

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New World screwworm (NWS) disease is an infestation with the larvae of the NWS fly that lives off the flesh of living mammals and, less commonly, birds.

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1. I wonder what the worse case of screwworms was on an industry?

2. Are the impacts of the Old World screwworms in other countries similar to the impacts of New World screwworms?

3. Has the outbreak of New World screwworms and Old World Screwworms decreased?

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''If wounds go untreated, infestations can lead to serious harm or be fatal''

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U.S. will build sterile fly factory in Texas to stop screwworm from devastating livestock industry

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Mounted patrol officers, known as tick riders, who typically patrol the southern border to protect cattle from fever tick, will also now serve as the first line of defense against screwworm.

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What I have learned from both paragraphs combined is that screwworms get their name because of their feeding behavior, the larvae screws into the flesh and are a great threat to animals and even humans. They've become a threat because they're known to lay their eggs on the wounds of animals. The eggs eventually hatch and eat the victims/animals from the inside out. The podcast mentioned, "I think it’s important that people do some research, look it up, and realize that this is a real insect." "Education is definitely a very important tool that we can use to our effects, because we need to tell people what this thing does and have them prepared." Because people may not be aware of this danger. The Texas government has addressed it and has said screwworms have the potential to "crush" the state's cattle industry and can result in losing billions of dollars a year. It's been said that screwworms are moving further north, and that's putting the US on edge. Fortunately, there's a management program. This program is in Mexico, and it's funded by the United States. What the program does is it radiates the flies and makes them unable to produce offspring. These new screwworms are grown in a lab and are being dropped in the problem areas on planes. The goal is for the new screwworms to mate with the old ones. This saves the lives of animals and humans.

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1. I wonder why the flies are called screwworms

2. I wonder how much it costs to try and deal with screwworms, research, and action combined

3. I wonder if there is some kind of hidden benefit to screwworms that no one knows about

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1. Screwworms lay eggs in any warm-blooded animal.

2. Screwworms eat living tissue.

3. Adult Screwworms live up to approximately 7-10 days.

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The reemergence of the New World screwworm and its potential distribution in North America - Scientific Reports

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Scientific Reports - The reemergence of the New World screwworm and its potential distribution in North America

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"This fly poses a serious threat to livestock and wildlife because it deposits eggs into the wounds of living animals, thereby leading to larval infestations."

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1- What cause Screwworms to migrant out of there original area?

2- How many eggs can they lay in one siting?

3- How bad have Screwworms impacted living mammals?

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"OK, so you radiate the flies, you make them unable to have offspring, and then you dump all of these radiated screwworm flies in the areas where they’re living. And you’re hoping that they mate with the wild ones, basically."

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1. Female screwworms only mate once in their lives

2. Scientists dropped sterile flies from planes so they could mate with wild ones

3. Screwworms lay their eggs on the open wounds of animals

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Mexico screwworm case triggers US emergency response

American Veterinary Medical Association

https://www.avma.org › news › mexico-screwworm-cas...

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"We want people to be aware, to understand the importance and the significance and the reason why we need to keep them out of the United States."

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I wonder where screw worms specifically came from and how they came to be?

2. I wonder if there is a specific type of pesticide for screworms only

3. I wonder why Screw worms species specifically target warm blooded animals.

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The reemergence of the New World screwworm and its potential distribution in North America - Scientific Reports

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Scientific Reports - The reemergence of the New World screwworm and its potential distribution in North America

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1. I wonder if screwworms have a preference about the kind of animals they eat?

2. I wonder why it prefers to lay eggs in warm blooded animals?

3. I wonder how fast they grow?

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"Yeah, and that’s what happens, right? We do so good, and we clear things up. But then we forget to talk about them in the future. And then people forget what they are."

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1. I wonder how these new screwworms are different from the old screwworms.

2. I wonder how these screwworms have survived as long as they have even thought entomologists have been mixing them with radiated flies.

3. I wonder if screwworms will ever go extinct.

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I didn’t expect to find the story of a fly so unsettling, but the New World screwworm is hard to shake from your mind once you know what it does. This is an insect that doesn’t just scavenge like other flies it creates its own wound, laying eggs in living animals so the larvae can feed from the inside out. The fact that it was wiped out in the U.S. in the 1970s almost feels like ancient history, yet here it is again, creeping north from Central America and Mexico. Scientists aren’t just swatting at them; they’re releasing millions of sterile flies on purpose, which sounds backwards until you hear the logic. As Dr. Sonja Swiger explained, “These insects, particularly, are not playing a viable role in any ecosystems, so taking them out doesn’t impact anything else.” The plan works because screwworms only mate once, so if that one mate happens to be sterile, that’s the end of the line. Still, it’s unsettling that climate change warmer winters especially is giving them new territory, and that human movement through places like the Darién Gap can quietly help them spread. Public reaction has been mixed, with conspiracy theories swirling, which Swiger chalks up to “a lack of education” about the insect and the control program. Personally, I think the method is brilliant, almost elegant in its precision, but I can’t help wondering how long such a program can realistically hold the line if the climate keeps shifting in the fly’s favor.

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"Anyone who finds fly larvae infesting a living animal, called myiasis, must report this to a state veterinarian. The protocol for reporting can be found on the Texas Animal Health Commission website or at the USDA-APHIS website."

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1. I notice that the screwworm has been identified as a pest that can be located in the U.S.

2. I also noticed that these species can be seen as fast-moving pest, usually from South to Central America.

3. I also noticed that many efforts have been put into the movement of eliminating screwworms from different areas.

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"Eradication is accomplished through surveillance, host treatment, and quarantine, but the core to the successful eradication is using the sterile insect technique."

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1. One thing I noticed was that the screwworm fly was technically eradicated from the US back in the ’70s.

2. Another thing I noticed is that the screwworm fly is notorious for laying eggs in the wounds of animals and slowly eating its victims from the inside out.

3. The last thing I noticed was that These insects, particularly, are not playing a viable role in any ecosystems, so taking them out doesn’t impact anything else

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"And what you’re doing, you’re oversaturating the wild population with these now sterile males in hopes that these males will be found by those wild females."

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1. Why did we push this fly out the US decades ago?

2. Why was it common that the fly attacked a number of animals?

3. Why do they drop adult flies out the plane?

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The US has a plan to breed millions of flies and drop them from planes. Here’s why | CNN

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Flesh-eating maggots are inching toward the southwestern border of the US. The defense plan? Breed millions of sterilized flies and drop them from the sky.

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1. The screwworm flies are notorious for laying eggs on the wounds of animals and slowly eating their victims.

2. The screwworm flies affect many aspects, including cattle ranchers, entomologists, and other livestock.

3. These screwworm flies don't have a significant impact on any ecosystem, nor do they mate with other species, so removing them is not a problem.

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"So it's kind of like out of a sci-fi movie because it's such a freaky insect that you think, this can't be real. But it is real."

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"And this is both movement of people, and people and animals, and probably lack of knowledge, in addition to probably some lack of surveillance."

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1. I wonder how fast they spread throughout places

2. I wonder why they dropped so many of them off planes

3. I wonder what could solve this problem

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What I learned from the two articles about screwworms is that they are very dangerous and are harmful to animals and humans. Screwworms are flesh eating animals that usually eat at the flesh of warm-blooded animals. However, people can also get a screwworm messing with their tissues. ''Because they can host on any living mammal, they can also affect pets and humans.'' The reason screwworms are named screwworms is because they screw into your wound, causing damage to the tissue. If the wound goes untreated, you could get into serious harm which can lead to your death. There is a way to get rid of these wild screwworms, releasing sterilized male flies into the environment to mate with females can help. This idea can help save the lives of animals and humans. But for now, ''If a wound on a living animal is found to have larvae in it, a veterinarian must be contacted.''

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1. How many animals in the US have been killed by screwworm flies?

2. What's the current population of screwworm flies?

3. Can screwworms be harmful to humans?

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1. Screwworms also lay eggs in dogs, cats, raccoons, deer, and even humans

2. They were being managed and maintained in Panama for 33 years, and they are now dropping and releasing the flies at the most northern point

3. There are two species in the entire world (The New World screwworm and the Old World screwworm)

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"Part of fly management is understanding flies, and in order to do that, they had to learn how to grow the flies."

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1. How does radiation make screwworms sterile?

2. Why can screwworms only mate one time in their lifetime?

3. How many eggs can they lay?

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After reading both articles, I’ve learned a variety of things, more specifically, about screwworms. To start, I learned about the screwworm’s origin. From the article, I’ve learned that the screwworm is native to America. While reading about their origin, I also came to discover how the tactics were used to eradicate the screwworms. What stood out the most to me was the tactic to sterilize the screwworms. This was done by surveillance and quarantine. Once they placed the screwworms in a sterile environment, they were exposed to a specific irradiation, which damaged the screwworms' chromosomes, rendering them sterile. When reading the article, I found this tactic to be effective, especially since the article states, “Female flies only mate once in their lifetime.” Knowing this information is key to understanding why they sterilized the male screwworms. Because females can only mate once in their lifetime, the male screwworms that are sterilized and then dropped into a targeted area lead to the sterile males mating with the non-sterile females. This wastes the females' only chance to reproduce, which helps lower the population of the screwworms. Another thing I’ve learned is that screwworms don’t do well in other environments, to be specific, colder environments. It is stated in the article, “they don’t do well below 45 degrees and certainly die if frozen, however, the larvae can burrow about 6 inches into the soil, changing the temperatures that they experience.” This demonstrates that screwworms are incapable of surviving in cold environments, which I think can lead to a solution eventually down the line. In conclusion, after reading the article’s this is what I’ve learned from them and what my point of view is on the situation and screwworms.

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Screwworm flies are affecting animals such as dogs, cats, pigs, and raccoons. These flies are found in Central America, Mexico, and the U.S. border. They are harmful to living organisms. "These flies lay eggs in the wounds of animals and slowly eating their victims". To prevent this, scientists have come up with a plan. They have first to understand the flies. The flies can only mate once in their lifetime. To prevent this, scientists have come up with a plan. They grow them in a laboratory. Then, they use radiation to sterilize the flies. "It destroys them in a genetic fashion that prevents them from producing future offspring, so that makes them sterile". Once sterilized, the flies are dumped in the areas where they live in the hope that they mate with the wild ones. They are oversaturating the wild population. As they mate with the sterile males, they lay eggs that don't hatch. Scientists have used this system to help stop the New World screwworm.

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New world screwworms are an organism that shouldn't be taken lightly. This insect's frightening task makes you think a creature such as this couldn't be real. These screwworms hunt for wounded livestock and animals, then proceed to lay their eggs and kill them thoroughly. Entomologists have worked to find ways to control and kill these bloodlust insects with radiation. Screwworms genetically change when given the procedure of radiation in a way that prevents them from producing future offspring. The history surrounding the screwworm dates back to the 70's, where apparently "This fly was technically eradicated from the US..." but an outbreak has been creeping further and further into North Central America and Mexico recently. As for why an insect can come back like this, apparently, for many reasons, including human and animal movement through the Darién Gap, the lack of knowledge, and the lack of surveillance. Truly a scary insect that doesn't process softly in my brain, especially with sayings like "For an entomologist to say, that's real. Things are getting real." truly twists the knife.

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1. The New World screwworm was eradicated from the US, but was noticed moving to the north into South America, Central America, and Mexico.

2. These insects are known for laying eggs in the wounds of animals and slowly eating them from the inside out.

3. These insects aren't being taught in schools, which is concerning, as everyone needs to know how they can affect everyone.

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"But they have actually come out of the textbooks. And I’m a little sad about that because I preferred them staying in black and white."

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1. I wonder why these screwworms were taken out of books for people to be educated about them.

2. I wonder what kind of pain these animals feel when they are being eaten from the inside out.

3. I wonder how many eggs these insects lay.

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Introduction · STOP Screwworms: Selections from the Screwworm Eradication Collection ·

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The New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, is a primary parasite of warm-blooded animals. Before its eradication from North and Central America, it caused devastating losses among livestock and wild animals. In its natural state it lives only on the living flesh of mammals and birds. The damaging effect of the screwworm is easily seen on domestic animals.

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From both of the articles, I have concluded that the New World Screwworms are a top health hazard to animals today. If the screwworms continue to return to the United States, there can be major consequences involving livestock. The screwworms lay eggs inside all warm-blooded animals, which can lead to infections and death. "The main reason is their impact to the industries. Of course, cattle being a huge industry for the United States, and other livestock as well, but it’s not just them. These flies will lay their eggs in all warm-blooded animals." Previously, the screwworms were eradicated from the United States and sent to Central America, but recently have been moving north back the the States. To stop the screwworms, scientists released sterile male flies that would not be able to make babies. The female flies only mate once, which stops the population from growing rapidly. “We just want people to be aware, to understand its importance and the significance and the reason why we need to keep it out of the United States.” This shows how the screwworm threat is very important to be aware of, as it could threaten the animals greatly.

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1. screwworms can affect any warm-blooded animal, including humans.

2. screwworms gain their name from the fact that they "screw" into wounds to feed.

3. female screwworms only mate once in their lifetime.

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"Screwworms get their name from how they feed — they burrow or “screw” into wounds. This can cause quite a bit of damage as they tear at the tissue with their sharp mouth hooks."

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The new world screwworm is a species that was supposed to be pushed out of the US decades ago, and that has been coming back in recent years. They're a species of flies that burrow in warm-blooded animals and eat them from the inside, a threat to all animals anywhere, excluding cold-blooded ones. We've been experiencing the screwworms since the early 1900s through 1970, where they were finally pushed back in thanks to research developed by scientists. Throughout the years, scientists had developed the method of raising sterile screwworms and releasing them in the wild, letting the sterile flies mate with wild flies, alowing them to reduce the population of the flies due to no new flies being born: "you’re oversaturating the wild population with these now sterile males in hopes that these males will be found by those wild females". This method worked for the most part; however, recently, screwworms have been seen to be creeping back into the US.

Some of the reasons for this are mild winters, as screwworms don't do well in cold areas, so they move, and mainly, people forgetting about the issue after it was dealt with. People at the Darian Gap, where the screwworms were being contained, didn't have the knowledge to deal with the screwworms. Basically the situation is: "as you bring people through an area that may not be aware of an impact of a pest, and they’re not teaching them about that pest, obviously you have a lack of education. And then things get moved around that we may not wanted to have move around". I think that this situation is a good example of neglect leading to a repeat of an unfavorable situation, and this shows how we need to learn from the past and not forget the work of our predecessors.

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1. I wonder where they came from.

2. how they were discovered

3. I wonder what's the most common animal screwworms consume.

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New World screwworm (NWS) is a species of parasitic flies that feed on live tissue.

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1. One thing I noticed was that these pests only lay their eggs on open wounds of animals, and also all warm-blooded animals. sometimes they would lay eggs in humnas too.

2. Another thing that I've noticed was that America got rid of these pests because they affect their industries, and managed to keep it that way because of a geographical area called the darien gap. l

3. Finaly, i noticed that the program drops insect based on were there was cases of these pests found to try and get rid of them.

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" I know that education is definitely a very important tool right now that we can use to our effects because we need to tell people what this thing does and have them prepared."

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1. I wonder how constant surveillance must be to reduce the massive numbers of screwworms.

2. I also wonder how dangerous irradiation exposure can be on other creatures that may be exposed to screwworms.

3. I wonder how effective modern use of irradiation can prevent screwworms from infesting livestock.

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New World screwworm (NWS) is a species of parasitic flies that feed on live tissue.

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1. One thing I wonder is what is causing these New World Screwworms to start moving away from the Darien area.

2. Another thing I wonder is how the people in the 1800s handeld these new world screwroms

3. I also wonder, why is it that these pests can only mate once?

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The reemergence of the New World screwworm and its potential distribution in North America - Scientific Reports

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Scientific Reports - The reemergence of the New World screwworm and its potential distribution in North America