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📚 The Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction

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📚 The Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction

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Classroom Activities:

Sound Sorting Game 🗂️ → Students sort pictures by beginning sounds.

Phoneme Substitution 🔤 → Change “cat” to “bat” by replacing the first sound.
(Differentiation: visual supports, Elkonin boxes, simplified options for diverse learners)

At-Home Activity:

I Spy with Sounds 👀 – “I spy something that starts with /b/.”
✅ Builds auditory discrimination for all learners.

Family Website:
🔗 Reading Rockets: Phonemic Awareness

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Classroom Activities:

Letter-Sound Hopscotch 🎯 – Hop to a letter and say its sound.

Word Building with Tiles 🧩 – Form CVC words with letter tiles.
(Differentiation: tactile letters, scaffolding, multisyllabic challenges)

At-Home Activity:

Magnetic Letter Game 🧲 – Build simple words on the fridge.
✅ Adaptable from CVC to blends/digraphs.

Family Website:
🔗 Starfall Phonics Games

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Classroom Activities:

Interactive Read-Aloud + Word Wall 🖼️ – Add new words to a classroom wall.

Vocabulary Charades 🎭 – Act out new words.
(Differentiation: visuals, sentence frames, simplified prompts)

At-Home Activity:

Word of the Day 🗣️ – Families use a new word in conversations.
✅ Expands expressive/receptive vocabulary at any level.

Family Website:
🔗 Scholastic Parents: Vocabulary Games

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Classroom Activities:

Echo Reading 🔊 – Students echo teacher’s fluent reading.

Reader’s Theater 🎬 – Perform a short play.
(Differentiation: shorter/longer scripts, audio models, expression practice)

At-Home Activity:

Family Poetry Night 🎤 – Child practices reading poems aloud.
✅ Boosts confidence, flexible text length.

Family Website:
🔗 PBS Kids: Read Together

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Classroom Activities:

Story Retelling with Props 🧸 – Use puppets/props to retell.

Think-Pair-Share 💬 – Discuss comprehension questions.
(Differentiation: sequencing cards, sentence starters, deeper inferencing)

At-Home Activity:

Story Questions ❓ – Parents ask, “What happens next?” or “Why did the character…?”
✅ Builds prediction/inference skills for all learners.

Family Website:
🔗 Reading Rockets: Reading Comprehension

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National Reading Panel. (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

Snow, C. E., Burns, M. S., & Griffin, P. (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. National Academies Press.

Rasinski, T., Blachowicz, C., & Lems, K. (2019). Fluency instruction: Research-based best practices (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.