# data[].attributes.body
On 4/6/2023، we started the second model of pedagogy، which was innovative of pedagogy، in this discussion we discussed many topics، including pedagogy.

Pedagogy refers to the study and practice of teaching methods, strategies, and approaches. It involves the process of guiding and facilitating learning among students, including the design of educational materials, the creation of effective learning environments, and the use of various techniques and tools to help students achieve their learning goals. Pedagogy is concerned with not only what is taught, but also how it is taught, and how students are engaged and motivated to learn. It encompasses a range of theories, models, and practices that are aimed at enhancing the quality and effectiveness of teaching and learning.

# data[].attributes.body
In this model، we talk about teaching methods:
Teaching methods are the broader techniques used to help students achieve learning outcomes, while activities are the different ways of implementing these methods. Teaching methods help students: master the content of the course.
There are many ways، including:
1- Lecture-based teaching involves the instructor delivering information to students through verbal communication. This method is useful for delivering content to large groups, but it can be passive and may not promote active student participation and critical thinking.
2- Problem-based learning (PBL) centers around real-world problems that require students to apply knowledge and skills to find solutions. PBL fosters critical thinking, independent research, and teamwork. Students develop problem-solving abilities and gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter
3-Flipped learning is a methodology that helps teachers to prioritize active learning during class time by assigning students lecture materials and presentations to be viewed at home or outside of class. One of the most exciting advancements in the modern classroom is flipped learning.
- A group of students also did creative teaching، creative learning، and teaching of creativity through flipped learning، which was a very interesting topic in the class.
4- authentic learning
5- fish bowel learning
6- gamification and game based learning
Each of these methods has its own characteristics and benefits.
Many important issues were also discussed، including:
written assignment, graduation project, workshops, laboratory field work, seminar.

# data[].attributes.body
One of the important issues discussed in this model is the subject of evaluation، as it is clear that evaluation plays an important role in all stages of study، so it is given a lot of importance.
- Assessment is the ongoing process of gathering evidence of what each student actually knows, understands, and can do.
- We then described the characteristics of successful assessments that should differentiate between the level of students and relate to the learning process، as well as the assessment of knowledge and skills.
- There are many types of assessments، including:

Diagnostic assessment/ This type is used to determine the level of the student to determine what level of information the student is at

Formative assessment/ This type is used throughout the learning process.

Summative assessment/ This is done at the end of the learning process.

Confirmative assessment/ In this way، there is a procedure that according to this procedure the evaluation will be done.

Norm - Referenced assessment/  This type of assessment is done according to a specific measure.

Criterion - Referenced assessment/ This type of condition is considered according to this condition the evaluation will be done .

Ipsative  assessment/ In this way، it is re-evaluated for the purpose of knowing the scientific level of that person.

# data[].attributes.body
One of the topics discussed in this model is rubric.
A rubric is a scoring guide or set of criteria used to assess the quality or performance of a task or assignment. It provides specific expectations and standards that can be used to evaluate a student's work or any other project. Rubrics typically consist of a list of criteria or dimensions along with corresponding levels of achievement or proficiency.
Each criterion could have different levels, such as "excellent," "good," "fair," or "poor,".

type of rubric:

1. Analytic Rubric: This type of rubric breaks down the assessment criteria into individual components or dimensions. Each criterion is evaluated separately, and a score or level of achievement is assigned for each dimension. Analytic rubrics provide detailed feedback and allow for a more granular assessment of specific skills or qualities.

2. Holistic Rubric: Unlike analytic rubrics, holistic rubrics provide an overall assessment of the task or assignment as a whole. They do not break down the criteria into separate components. Instead, the rubric provides a general description or level of achievement for the entire work. Holistic rubrics are often used when a more general evaluation is appropriate or when there are fewer specific criteria to assess.

why rubric:
It helps to evaluate more subjects، the student knows what criteria to evaluate، giving a clear method of evaluating students، giving feedback to students، and a reduced role in the evaluation.