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https://www.itsnicethat.com/news/alex-chinneck-sculpture-kings-cross-ice-cream-051216

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Artist Alex Chinneck reveals his festive sculpture in London's King's Cross

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British artist Alex Chinneck has unveiled his new festive artwork in London titled Fighting fire with Ice Cream. The sculpture, which stands at 17 feet in height, is a giant Christmas Tree encased in a massive "cube of ice." The artwork is decorated with 1,200 lights and will stand in Granary Square, King's Cross until 6 January 2017.

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https://medium.com/@KarenChhui/rachel-whiteread-one-hundred-spaces-31c297226bd2

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Rachel Whiteread is a sculpture artist and she usually uses cast for her creation. She is the first female artist who won the Turner Prize in 1993. Her most well-known work is 'House' which created in 1993, it is a large concrete casting that restored a large Victorian residential house, which is a topic that people still talking now.

Untitled (One Hundred Spaces), 1995. Resin, 100 units; overall dimensions variable. Courtesy Anthony d'Offay Gallery, London. (Source: Singular Forms, 2017)

'One Hundred Spaces' is the series that interested me. This piece of work is formed by 100 polyester resin cubes cast from the voids under 100 different chairs. She broke the tradition, create tangible objects from unseen spaces. Rachel also brought those areas out of context, not only showing the spaces under the chair, but also enlarge and display it in a very creative way. This 100 pieces of sculpture work has presented the invisible space, the space that people overlooked in the daily life.

The square room chosen by the museum to house the piece mirrors the castings' square grid. By seeing those 100 pieces of cubes arranged in a square space in a neat order, I feel peace and seems like everything in that environment become still. If we look close to the cubes, we can see that they are not perfect; edges are slightly uneven and it has revealed the irregular surfaces of the used chairs from which they were cast. It shows the unique and differences of the individual chair. There are lots of things and moments we missed every day and her works remind me again we need to observe more in our daily life.

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Rachel Whiteread is a sculpture artist and she usually uses cast for her creation. She is the first female artist who won the Turner Prize in 1993. Her most well-known work is 'House' which created in 1993, it is a large concrete casting that restored a large Victorian residential house, which is a topic that people still talking now.

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https://www.lawrencemalstaf.com/work/shrink/

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Two large, transparent plastic sheets and a device that gradually sucks the air out from between them leave the body (in this case the artist himself) vacuum-packed and vertically suspended. The transparent tube inserted between the two surfaces allows the person inside the installation to regulate the flow of air. As a result of the increasing pressure between the plastic sheets, the surface of the packed body gradually freezes into multiple micro-folds. For the duration of the performance the person inside moves slowly and changes positions, which vary from an almost embryonic position to one resembling a crucified body.

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Two large, transparent plastic sheets and a device that gradually sucks the air out from between them leave the body (in this case the artist himself) vacuum-packed and vertically suspended. The transparent tube inserted between the two surfaces allows the person inside the installation to regulate the flow of air.

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Theoretical aspects to explain my father's behaviour and the contradiction of ideas between us
Marriage has a reproductive role, in feudal society, the essence of marriage lies in the continuation of the clan, the maintenance of the utilitarianism of the family, and the purpose of having children is also to increase the labour force of the family. The concept of marriage presents a reproductive nature. In the past, the main role of marriage was to reproduce the population.
Influence of traditional Chinese concept of marriage
Views on birth, family status, social status, and economic issues tend to vary with the development of society, and the later the society develops, the more various factors intertwine to form a complex social phenomenon.
With China's social and economic development, the traditional marriage concerns see towards the free view of marriage, the choice of young men and women by the market economy and social morality of the pluralism has become more diversified, today's concept of marriage has a number of new era of content.

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I asked my friends about their families' attitudes towards their children's marriage and the situation of urging them to get married. According to different regions, parents may have different attitudes. Some parents are open to their children's marriage, but most of them hope that their children will start looking for the other half at the marriageable age and hope that they can participate in it

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1. Modernity and tradition: China is a country with a rich history and deep-rooted cultural traditions, but has also experienced rapid modernisation and urbanisation in recent decades. As a result, there may be tensions between traditional marriage practices and modern attitudes towards relationships, love and gender roles.
2. Arranged versus love marriages: While arranged marriages were more common in the past, especially in rural areas, many young Chinese today prioritise love and personal choice when deciding to marry. This shift may create contrasts between generations, who may hold different views on how marriages should be arranged.
3. Parental influence: Even in modern, love-based marriages, parental approval and involvement in the marital decision-making process remains significant. Couples may face the challenge of balancing their own desires with the expectations of their families

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About dowry

I interviewed a friend who is about to get married about her views on dowry. I wanted to know what dowry means and whether it is a kind of compensation for women. Because in my opinion, behind the high price of betrothal gifts in some areas, women will be hindered by pregnancy, childbirth and other problems, and their careers will be greatly affected physically and mentally

She believes that in some rural areas, the bride price is given to the woman's parents, such as Jiangxi, their traditional concept is to raise children for old age, that is, to give birth to children is to give themselves a guarantee for the future, someone will take care of them when they get old, so when their daughter marries out, their daughter serves as a "guarantee" and becomes the property of other family members like a nurse The bride price becomes the parents' daughter raising money as a kind of "compensation" for having a daughter.

In the economically developed areas giving bride price has gradually become a "custom" rather than really care about the amount of money but as a kind of behavior handed down by the ancestors to show the sincerity of the man in the marriage
In her country, dowry and dowry are usually similar in amount and they all go to the young couple to start a new family so there is no compensation

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The concept of marriage as a lifelong commitment was highly valued, and divorce was often stigmatized or considered socially unacceptable.

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Arranged Marriages is a very popular way in WenZhou
Marriages were arranged by parents or family members, with the emphasis placed on factors such as social status, economic stability, and family connections, rather than personal choice or romantic love

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My father promotes traditional values and conservative attitudes towards relationships and family. Therefore, he put a certain limit on me in terms of interpersonal communication. For example, he restricted my free love until I was 25 years old, and he hoped to find me a partner through blind dates.
He hopes that my husband can be a local, because he believes that as a Wenzhou person, it is more likely to find a other half with the same customs and marriage concepts, so as to reduce the contradictions and differences generated after marriage. However, if I meet the right partner who does not belong to Wenzhou, depending on the situation, such as the other person is an excellent person, then the geographical problem can be overcome. But he always hoped that my future life could be closer to Wenzhou.
For me at this stage (until I find a steady job), he is against me dating,This inherited the old concept of chastity, he believes that less love experience can reduce the conflict after marriage, maintain the fidelity of both sides.

In terms of the concept of marriage, my father's old-fashioned concept comes from his own experience. He believes that sticking to the traditional concept of marriage is easier to achieve happiness in the second half of life. Similarly, he also hopes that my future husband will be a responsible person to ensure my marriage happiness.

He believes that passing on the family line is an important act in life. Otherwise, people will feel lonely and undependent in their old age.

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Chinese Wedding Customs (三書六禮 - Three Letters & Six Etiquettes)

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Chinese Wedding Customs (三書六禮 - Three Letters & Six Etiquettes)

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1. Nacai（纳采） - The proposal

2. Wenming（问名） - Birthday Matching

3. Nà jí （纳吉） - divination
It is to go to the ancestral temple to ask the ancestors to decide whether the marriage is suitable or not, and later the ritual of "Naji" gradually evolved into "Xiaojiao".

4.Nà zhēng（纳征） - Send the bride's return bride price

5.Qīngqí（请期） - Choosing an Auspicious Wedding Date

6.Qín yīng（亲迎） - The wedding ceremony

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出自古籍《礼记．昏礼》上载：“昏礼者，将合二姓之好，上以事宗庙，而下以继后世也，故君子重之。是以昏礼纳采，问名，纳吉，纳征，请期，皆主人筵几于庙，而拜迎于门外，入，揖让而升，听命于庙，所以敬慎重正昏礼也。”
Meaning： In the five steps of the wedding, Nacai, Wen ming, Na ji, Na zheng, and Qingqi, whenever the groom's emissary arrives, the female parents spread a feast in the temple, then greet the emissary outside the door, enter the temple gate, and the guests and hosts greet and ascend the steps and ascend the hall, where they listen to the emissary conveying the views of the male parents. The reason for doing so is to show respect for the wedding and solemnity of the wedding

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Whether this custom has the meaning of existence is not within the scope of the evaluation of the law, the Civil Code does not make direct provisions on the issue of bride price, from the beginning to the end does not mention the term bride price. The law prohibits the use of marriage to obtain property, but not the use of marriage to obtain bride price

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The Chinese government is opposed to high bride prices

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The Chinese government is opposed to high bride prices

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2月13日，由新华社受权发布的《中共中央国务院关于做好2023年全面推进乡村振兴重点工作的意见》指出：

We will encourage all localities to formulate norms for changing customs and customs in light of local conditions, strengthen the role of village rules and conventions in binding them, and take the lead in demonstrations by party members and officials. We will take solid steps to address prominent problems in key areas, such as high bride price and high conduct. We will promote the reform of funeral customs in rural areas.

We will carry out special efforts to address prominent problems such as high bride prices, and hope that all parties in society will guide young people to establish a positive outlook on marriage and love, jointly care about the marriage problems of people of marriagable age, and actively create favorable conditions to help more single young people get married and establish families.

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Longer years of education, greater competition for jobs, increased economic pressure from high bride prices, and changing attitudes toward marriage and love have increased the delay in marriage and childbearing.

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The region with the highest amount of betrothal gifts in China in 2022 is Jiangxi, with 380,000 yuan.

Fujian ranked second with 300,000 yuan.

Regions with betrothal price of 200,000 yuan and above are:

Zhejiang (250,000), Jiangsu (200,000), Liaoning (200,000)

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Map of Chinese bride price amount in 2022

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Map of Chinese bride price amount in 2022