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Rubella is a contagious viral infection best recognized by its distinctive red rash.

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Rubella is spread by direct contact with nasal or throat secretions of infected individuals. It can also be developed by breathing in droplets in the air when an indicted person sneezes, coughs, or talks.

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After the rubella vaccine was created, it decreased the number of cases. The individuals who did not get the vaccine for religious reasons or are foreign-born immigrants where the rubella vaccine is not used much.

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Symptoms are difficult to notice especially in children. They appear between two to three weeks after exposure, and they usually last about 1 to 5 days. The symptoms include mild fever of 102 F or lower; headache; red, itchy eyes; enlarged, tender lymph nodes at the base of the skull, the back of the neck and behind the ears; a dine, pink rash that begins on the face and quickly spreads to the trunk and then the arms and legs; and aching joints.

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The rubella vaccine is given as a combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. The vaccine includes the chickenpox vaccine also. It is recommended that children receive the MMR vaccine between 12 and 15 months of age, and again between 4 and 6 years old. The MMR vaccine prevents rubella and protects against it for the rest of one's life, and it also prevents rubella during future pregnancies. As mentioned, the MMR vaccine is given as a combination of vaccines, and it can prevent delays in protection against measles, mumps, and rubella.

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There is no treatment for rubella, and symptoms do not need to be treated because of how mild they are. However, it is recommended infected individuals isolate themselves from others during the infectious period. Isolate as soon as rubella is suspected and until at least seven days after the rash disappears.

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Some women who have had rubella experience arthritis in the fingers, wrists and knees, which lasts about a month. Rarely, it can also cause ear infections or inflammation of the brain.

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About 90% of infants born to mothers who had rubella during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy develop congenital rubella syndrome. The following syndrome causes the following problems: growth delays, cataracts, deafness, problems with the development of the heart or other organs, or problems with mental development and learning.

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https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rubella/symptoms-causes/syc-20377310
https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/rubella/fact_sheet.htm