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Kievan Rus' was founded by the Viking Oleg. Kievan Rus was the first eastern Slavic state and was the cultural ancestor of Russia.

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Ivan III, also known as Ivan the Great, ruled Russia, and during his rule, freed Russia from the Mongols, whose rule lasted over 240 years. Ivan the Great was also the grandfather of Ivan the Terrible.

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Ivan IV, better known as Ivan the Terrible, became the first Czar of Russia while expanding territory into Siberia while using military rule, and instituting a reign of terror against nobility.

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The Russian Revolution marked the end of the Romanov dynasty, Bolsheviks took power, and eventually, became the communist party of the Soviet Union during World War 2.

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A decision made by Mikhail Gorbachev, which was a decision to allow elections and a multi-party system, began a slow process that eventually contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union.

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Russia invaded Ukraine in an escalation of an international conflict that started in 2014. The invasion of Ukraine was the biggest attack on a European country since World War 2.