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Example of teacher modeling what they're teaching

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When teaching ELLs it is important for teachers to recognize the cues and needs of their students. If a student is struggling, they shouldn't speak louder, they should explicitly explain the procedure again. There are several ineffective ways to teach ELL students that teachers fall back on, but it is important to establish a better learning environment for these students. You should model everything, speak slowly and clearly, use visuals, encourage the use of own language, recognize the assets ELL's bring, and provide graphic organizers. These are the best practices to use when teaching ELLs. Pages 12-16

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The Picture Word Inductive Model is a tool to teach ELLs that I find very useful. I would use this tool in my classroom to help ELLs in their writing. This is also beneficial for students in adding to their English vocabulary and placing meaning to objects, patterns, people, etc. I do not see this working as clearly in a math setting as it would English or science.

PWIM - (In the first step, the teacher takes an image and labels each part of the image with the students help. In the second step, the students categorize the words into a simple sentence by using fill in the blank exercises. Finally, the students will be able to combine the sentences into a paragraph/story.)

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A detailed word web, but can be simplified

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Word charts are important tools for ELLs because they reinforce vocabulary the students will encounter frequently (pg. 173). I will likely use word charts for all of my students even if I do not have an ELL student because they are so efficient for learning readers. I like the idea of students doing these word charts in groups because it allows my ELLs to communicate and learn from their peers. This is also an opportunity for my other students to learn from my ELL students. I like the example in figure 5.1 on how it broke the word immigration into two different forms and students are able to put meaning into both forms (pg. 175).

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F & S 2022: Part 3 - "Describing Things"

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F & S 2022: Part 3 - "Describing Things"

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Describing things into categories like numbers, colors, size, age, weather, and etc. can help ENL and ELL students saturate themselves with language and ideas to use in their writing (pg. 184). I would use text data sets for all of my students in my classroom because I think it could help them to be better writers. When using this strategy, students are required to think about more intricate details of topics and as a result it would make their writing richer in detail. Also, I think if students had a list of details written out before a writing assignment, it would make writing easier for them as well.

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Students teaching one another is a great way for them to learn themselves. Also, it gives students, especially ELLs, the confidence that they miss when learning (Pg. 271). This is because they are usually the learners who may be struggling, but if they are teaching, they are much more confident in the lesson and are not in a "learning mode" but rather a "teaching mode". I would use this in my classroom by having groups of students teach a reading lesson to the rest of the class. I think this would be beneficial for my ELLs to gain self-confidence by working in a supportive group.

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Graphic organizers are a great way to organize what you are learning and help to make connections between new information (Pg. 277). My ELLs in my classroom could benefit by using/creating graphic organizers because they can be used in any subject. I would be able to use this the most in subjects like English, science, and social studies, which are the hardest subjects for ELLs to learn.

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Students can use an ABC writing frame to help them remember what to talk about when answering a question. An ABC writing frames is "A" - Answer the question, "B" - Back it up with evidence, and "C" - Comment or connect (Pg. 289). I would be able to use this strategy in any subject and it will especially help my ELLs to remember the steps that are important when answering a question.

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Be intentional with your words when supporting students!

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The affective filter is so important when teaching ELLs. It can be described as "the matrix of emotional and motivational factors that interfere with language acquisition" (Pg. 350). I need to ensure that I am using an affective filter appropriately in my classroom, especially when ELLs are present. A great way to incorporate ELLs into my curriculum is by doing group work and ensuring they are mixed within groups. It is also important that I use encouraging language and truly believe in their success.

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Chants and Songs can be a great way for ELLs and other students to remember important vocabulary (Pg. 352). These can be used in any subject like math, science, literacy, etc. I would likely use chants and songs when teaching mathematical skills and literacy skills because this is a great way to support ELLs as they acquire English language structures. An example chant that I could use with students is "I know my vowels they have a name: a, e, i, o ,u. I know my vowels they have a sound (short vowel sounds) a, e, i, o, u."

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For ELLs, it is important that they are able to use emailing to communicate with their teachers, employers, etc. This is the ideal way to communicate in a more professional manner, rather than texting. In my classroom, I can provide email samples and ask my students to write a mock email (Pg. 358). This would be a tool I would use in my writing classes. It could be beneficial for my students to see what the "email etiquette" is when communicating with teachers and employer's vs communicating with classmates and friends.

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I could use a short poem or book with my students to introduce them to contrastive analysis. It is important for my students to all know that people will talk differently according to where they are located or how they grew up. If I read to the class "My Brother Fine with Me" by Lucille Clifton, then we would notice a difference from their language compared to how their teacher (me) talks. The language used in this reading is called African American Literature or AAL. Reading books or poems is a great way to introduce to children different English dialects.

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Ferlazzo, L., & Hull-Sypnieski, K. (2022). The ESL/ell teacher’s survival guide: Ready-to- use strategies, tools, and activities for teaching English language learners of all levels. Jossey-Bass.