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From the picture below, we can find structure of the theatre of the ancient Greece. The theatre was very large, and had open air structures which constructed on the slopes of hills. Ancient Greek tragedies and plays were always performed in outdoor theatre. They organized the stage into three main elements such as the orchestra, the skene, theatron and parodos. The theatre was originally built on a very large scale to accommodate the large number of people on the stage, as well as lots of people in the audience around 14 thousands. The general structure of the theatre looks like slope. The reason that constructors built the as slope of hills because by creating acoustics the actor’s voice could be heard throughout the theatre, including very top row of seats. As time goes by there was a gradual evolution towards more elaborate theatre structure, but the basic layout and structure of ancient Greek theatre remained the same.
Source:

http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Theatre/

The photo of Ancient Greek theatre

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The audience had different perspectives on the show, so they treated the actors differently than how we do today. Some audience showed their dislike for the play. Sometimes, they are mocking, yelling or throwing the foods. It was considered normal.

The actors have to do something interesting because they have to get their attention and make the audience quieted down. For example, they telling a joke or teasing people.

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Greek actors wore masks when they performed in a play, the masks of the actors displayed and expressed various emotions that the actor wished to represent. These masks were vital to the performance and helped the actors define and identify the character that they were playing. They even allowed actors to play multiple roles in a single play. The masks were constructed out of light-weight materials such as linen and wood, the masks even helped amplify the voice of the actor to the audience. None of the Ancient Greek Masks had survived to this day, as they were made out of organic materials and were easily broken.

Source:

http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/interactives/greece/theater/playersProps.html

Below are some designs of the Masks that the Ancient Greeks used:

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There was actually a numerous Ancient Greek play were existed at the period of Ancient time. Ancient Greek plays have had a massive influence on Western society. Numerous sciences and literary genres were found in Ancient Greek plays and in order to make the plays scientific and literariness, the great playwrights were needed to be writing the story of Ancient Greek plays. Playwrights who regularly wrote plays well, became famous, and the three most successful were Aeschylus(c. 525 - c. 456 BCE), Sophocles (c. 496-406 BCE), and Euripides(c. 484-407 BCE).
Aeschylus was known for his innovation, adding a second actor and more dialogue, and even creating sequels. He described his work as ‘morsels from the feast of Homer’ (Burn 206).
Sophocles was extremely popular and added a third actor to the performance as wells as painted scenery.
Euripides was celebrated for his clever dialogues, realism, and habit of posing awkward questions to the audience with his thought-provoking treatment of common themes.
The plays of these three were re-performed and even copied into scripts for ‘mass’ publication and study as part of every child’s education.

People nowadays who perform Ancient Greece used Drama as the way of investigating the world and they describe the ways of how Ancient Greek people lived, what it meant to be human.

The two main genres of drama were comedy and tragedy.

Comedy: The first comedies were mainly satirical and mocked men in power for their vanity and foolishness. The first master of comedy was the playwright Aristophanes. Much later Menander wrote comedies about ordinary people. Actually, the act of Comedy was acceptable by the people later than the act of Tragedy.

Tragedy: Tragedy dealt with the big themes of love, loss, pride, the abuse of power and the fraught relationships between men and gods. Typically, the main protagonist of a tragedy commits some terrible crime without realizing how foolish and arrogant he has been. Then, as he slowly realizes his error, the world crumbles around him.
The three great playwrights of tragedy were Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, as previously mentioned.

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It is called a viewing place where the spectators sat. As you can see the picture below, theatron was usually part of the hillside, and often wrapped around a large portion of the orchestra stage. At that time, the audience probably sat on the boards or the cushions. However, nowadays, the theatron have marble seats on.
Source:
https://www.thoughtco.com/theatron-definition-and-examples-in-greek-drama-117999

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Ancient Greece costumes

Undergarment (chiton,peplos)

cloak(himation,chlamys)

Chiton: It is a sleeveless shirt. The chiton was a rectangular piece of lien(lonic chiton) or wool(dornic chiton) draped by the wearer in various ways and kept in place at the shoulders by brooches and waist by a belt.

peplos: A rectangle of woolen fabric wrapped around the torso and pinned at the shoulders.(worn by women)

himation: It is used over chiton.(a cloak wrapped around the body)

chlamys:It is worn by men, especially for soldiers and travelers.(himation is transformed into chlamys)

source:https://www.britannica.com/topic/himation https://www.britannica.com/topic/chlamys-clothing
https://www.britannica.com/topic/chiton-clothing. https://www.britannica.com/topic/peplos

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At that time, people called the orchestra stage as 'dancing space'. It is normally circular. It was a space where the chorus would dance, sing and interact
with actors . In the ancient Greek, people used hard earth to create the orchestra stage on the ground but nowadays, they use marble and other types of materials to make.
Source:
https://www.thoughtco.com/layout-of-the-ancient-greek-theater-118866

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Most of the props in Greek theatre were used for the showing the identity of the actors.   For instance, the props like crown could show the social position of the role. Due to the role of props, most of the props were small. These props were often created and provided by the props-makers (skeuopious). Linen, wool, leather and cork was the main material of the props. Sometimes, they even used the real hair of animals or humans.

Except the little props, there were some special props like  Ekkuklema (Wheel on/off/out):
A wheeled platform that let the actor on stage finish the violence scene at backstage.
The violence scene was not suitable to the religious festivals.
Kane (Machine): It is the machine that can help the actors to lift up. It was usually used in dramatic scene.

References:
Shelby,T.Ancient Greek Theatre.Retrieved from.https://greektheater8.weebly.com/the-greek-theater.html
Linda,M.(2013).Greek Theatre costumes and props.Retrieved fromhttps://prezi.com/hx2tkugrxuh1/greek-theater-costumes-and-props/

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Below shows a diagram that illustrates common weapons used back in Ancient Greece. Props like these were used in plays with combat and conflict.

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A Portrayal of Ancient Greek Theatre Costumes 

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A Portrayal of Ancient Greek Theatre Costumes 

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The costumes, along with the props and masks helped identify the gender, age and status of the character. In the picture below, the you can see that the characters are fairly old and is in the middle and lower classes.

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The vast majority of famous  ancient greek plays are written by four composers  which were Sophocles, Aeschylus, Aristophanes and Euripides.

Sophocles (497 BC to 405 BC):

Sophocles won 24 contests at the Festival of Dionysus which was a theatrical competition taking place in Athens. Playwrights competed against one another for entertainment for their audience and in honor of the the Greek god Dionysus. Many greatly appreciated Sophocles and his compositions were admired. Having composed 120 plays, only seven remain and have been preserved to this day.

These are the following :

Ajax. (440BC)

Antigone. (442BC)

Trachinian Women. (430 BC)

Electra (410 BC)

Oedipus the King (409? BC)

Philoctetes. (409 BC)

Oedipus at Colonus. (405 BC)

References:

The Three Major Greek Playwrights: Ancient Greek Drama Study Guide. (2010). Bright Hub Education. Retrieved 19 February 2019, from

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Aristophanes was the most famous writer of Greek comedies who born in around 440 BC. He experienced the upheaval of the Peloponnesian War, which lasted from 431 to 404, and stripped Athens from its place as the cultural and political capital of the Greek city-states.

Most of his plays comments on the long war, perhaps Lysistrata was the most famous play, the heroine which leads a sexual strike to bring peace.

He often wrote tragedians and fun of tragedy and Aristophanes’ Frogs is one of the best ancient critiques of the other playwrights that we still have.

In 427, he produced his first play. Before he dies, in 380s, he had written 44 comedies of which we have eleven.

1. The acharnians

2.     The Knights

3.     The Wasps (422BC)

4.     Peace (421BC)

5.     The Clouds (419BC)

6.     The Birds (414BC)

7.     The Thesmophoriazousse (411BC)

8.     The Frogs (405 BC)

9.     The Ecclessiazousse (390BC)

10.     Plutus (380BC)

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Skeuopios in Ancient Greece played an important role in Theatre performances. They were the ones that made the props and masks, in some cases, Skeuopios were even put in charge of managing the props.

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Skene is literally called tent. It is a building which located directly behind the stage. It usually decorated as a palace or other design of building. It depends on the needs of plays. It should have at least one set of doors where the actors could make entrances and exits though them.
Source:
https://www.britannica.com/art/skene

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It is the passageways where the chorus and some actors (not all) made their entrances and exits. The spectators were also permitted to use parodos before and after the performance (Didn't allow during the performance)

Source:

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The Summary of three main areas of Ancient Greek Theatre

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The Summary of three main areas of Ancient Greek Theatre

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There are three main areas of Ancient Greek Theatre such as, theatron, orchestra, and skene. The theatron was curved audience seating area. The audience can see the performance on that area. The orchestra acted as concert area of chorus. It also known as 'performance zone'. The skene is behind the performance zone. The actors changing their masks or customs on the skene. It also known as 'dress room'.

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Although Euripides was not famous and his compositions weren’t as enjoyed and valued, as the ones of Sophocles and Aeschylus, however he had still won four times at the Festival of Dionysus. Despite this, Euripides has had a very big impact on theatre as he was the first to combine tragedy with comedy, creating tragicomedies.  Over the course of his life, he has 72 compositions however only 19 remain to this, day which are:

1 Rhesus (450BC)

2.Alcestis (438BC)

3.Medea (431BC)

4.Heracles Children (430BC)

5. Hippolytus (428BC)

6. Hecuba (424BC)

7.Andromache (427-416BC)

8.The suppliants (422BC)

9.Harcales (422-416BC)

10.Helectra (420-410BC)

11. The Trojan women (415BC)

12.  Helen (412BC)

13. Ion (414-412BC)

14. Iphigenia in tourus (413-412BC)

15. The Phoenician women (410-409BC)

16. Iphigenia in Arlis (410BC)

17. The Bacchae (410BC)

18. The Cyclops (408BC)

19.Orestes (408BC)

Reference: Greek Playwrights. (2010). Greek Theatre. Retrieved 20 February 2019, from https://greektheatre.wordpress.com/greek-playwrights/

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Aeschylus was the great tragedian who born around 525 BC. In 498, he produced his first drama and in 484, he had the first victory in his life. People know that he was still working in 458, because that time was when he produced his trilogy Oresteia.

Actually, in 490, Aeschylus fought in the front lines against the Persians at Marathon. People don’t know a lot about the rest of his life. However, people know that his Persians (Financed by Pericles) were so successful that Hieron of Syracuse invited him to restage it. He died in Sicily and after 458, he returned there sometime. His tombstone mentioned that he fought at the Marathon and he was an Athenian. However, he didn’t mention about his plays

His life bridged the Classical ages and the Archaic and the plays that Aeschylus made reflect that fact. Aeschylus was considered difficult and old-fashioned even by ancient people, but Aeschylus also innovated in his structures, staff and even subjects.

1.     The Persans (472BC)

2.     The Seven against Thebes (467BC)

3.     The suppliants (464BC)

4.     Agamemnon (458BC)

5.     The libation – Bearers (458BC)

6.     Eumendis (458BC)

7.     Promethes Bound (431BC)

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The ancient Greeks made their pot with clay. They used it for storing food or used it for decoration. Pottery of ancient Greece is very important because it shows greek life or Greece mythology.

source: https://www.mylearning.org/stories/ancient-greeks-everyday-life-beliefs-and-myths/732