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https://youtu.be/eAGtfIjhP1k

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Plural Nouns Pronunciation - /s/ /z/ or /iz/? (pronounce PERFECTLY every time!) (+ Free PDF & Quiz)

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https://images.app.goo.gl/mhiGRYq9AuRSCb6W9

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Title: English Time: PRONUNCIATION: PLURAL NOUNS AND VERBS 3ºPERSON

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Found on Google from easy-as-a-pie.blogspot.com

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Sibilant sound ending               + es       = pronounced /iz/ = EXTRA syllable

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Sibilant sound ending               + es       = pronounced /iz/ = EXTRA syllable

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SIBILANTS: /s , z ,  ʃ , ʒ , t͡ʃ , d͡ʒ/

houses, churches, watches, dances, studies, goes, does...

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Regular verbs in English end in -ED in the simple past: worked, started, played, etc. However, most students make the mistake of always pronouncing -ED the same way... but in fact there are THREE different ways to pronounce -ED.

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/t/ or /d/ending + ed = pronounced /id/ =             EXTRA SYLLABLE

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/t/ or /d/ending + ed = pronounced /id/ =             EXTRA SYLLABLE

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visited, decided, hunted, started, reminded...

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Most common pronunciation:
chocolate, bachelor, arch

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Other voiced sound ending  + s = pronounced /z/

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Other voiced sound ending  + s = pronounced /z/

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NO EXTRA SYLLABLE

boys, plays, thumbs, times, beds, pears, apples, televisions, knives...
potatoes. tomatoes, dominoes...

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MOST COMMON HOMOPHONES & GAMES WITH THEM

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MOST COMMON HOMOPHONES & GAMES WITH THEM

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This page lists 70 pairs of common homophones in English. Homophones are words that sound the same but have different spellings/meanings. Pronunciation for learners of English.

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a) MOST CASES = . θ voiceless like in "thick"

b) FUNCTION WORDS =  ð voiced like in "the, this, them, than, therefore, though..."

c) EXCEPTIONS (see  below)

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a) Most English words between vowels = voiced /ð/ like in  further, brother, weather...

b) Most Latin/Greek-based words between vowels = voiceless /θ/
for instance, mathematics, method, enthusiastic...

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a) Voiceless θ (nouns, adjectives...) as in bath, breath, cloth, teeth...
*exceptions "WITH" & "SMOOTH" end in a voiced ð

b) Voiced ð in verbs such as breathe, bathe, clothe...

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Thomas, Thames, Thai & Thailand

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BREATHE, BATHE as /ð/
BREATH, BATH as /θ/

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butter
dog
edge, garage, age...

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vehicle
dither
zoo, churches
pleasure, vision...

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mutter
none
ink, sing, swimmiing

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level
river

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university
owl

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picture
torture

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facilities
thunderstruck
sensible
ash

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human

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 Other unvoiced sound ending + s = pronounced /s/

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 Other unvoiced sound ending + s = pronounced /s/

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NO EXTRA SYLLABLE

stocks, tarts, apps, sets, roofs...

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Other unvoiced sound ending + ed = pronounced /t/

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Other unvoiced sound ending + ed = pronounced /t/

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NO EXTRA SYLLABLE

stopped, talked, asked...

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EXERCISE 1:                                1.1. /t/, /d/ or /id/?                          1.2. How many syllables?  

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EXERCISE 1:                                1.1. /t/, /d/ or /id/?                          1.2. How many syllables?  

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pivoted, mumbled, tired, watered, walked, washed, watched, schooled, wrecked, worded, envisioned, towed, levelled, tanned, hinted, tainted, poisoned, befriended, tackled, tucked, basked, summoned, bathed...

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Other voiced sound ending + ed = pronounced /d/

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Other voiced sound ending + ed = pronounced /d/

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NO EXTRA SYLLABLE

studied, danced, breathed, called, remembered...

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what, when, why, which, whether, while, where, whistle, ghost, honest, hour, rhythm, Thomas, Thames...

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witch, watch, butcher, scratch, match, fasten, often, soften, listen, castle, christmas, mortgage, whistle...

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knight, knife, knock, know, knee, knot, knit, knickers, knuckle, knack

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comb,  lamb, climbs, thumb, numb, crumb, bomb, plumber, limb, tomb, doubt, debt...

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island, isle...

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autumn, damn, hymn, column...

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edge, hedge, badge, wedge, wednesday, handsome, handkerchief...

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gnome, sign, signal, resign, design, foreigner, long, -ing (sing, singing...)

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guest, guess, guitar, guard, guilty, rogue, vogue, tongue, building, biscuit...

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almond, calm, salmon, yolk, talk,  chalk, walk, folk, folklore, calf, half, could, should, would...

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write, wrestling, wrinkle, wriggle, wreck, wrap, wrong, wrist, sword, whole, two, answer...

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suit, fruit, friend, friendly, business,

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BOUGHT
COUGH
ENOUGH
ALTHOUGH
THROUGH
THOROUGH
PLOUGH

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[ssba]

This absolute gem of a spelling has caused many an English student to tear their hair out, as the pronunciation varies so much! So I'm here to clarify with seven common pronunciations of < ough >:

1. Adding a < t > at the end makes /ɔ:t/

bought /bɔ:t/
brought /brɔ:t/
thought /θɔ:t/
fought /fɔ:t/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-1a.mp3

These rhyme with port. This spelling pattern occurs in a few Past Simple verbs, like the common examples above, but also the less-used verbs sought (from seek), wrought (from an old version of 'work'). We also find it in ought and nought. The < gh > is silent. Students should be careful that they do not confuse the < ht > at the end with < th >. Sometimes students say bought as /bɔ:θ/ instead of /bɔ:t/.

2. /ɒf/

cough /kɒf/
trough /trɒf/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-2.mp3

These rhyme with off. A trough is a long, narrow container that animals eat or drink out of. A trough is also the opposite of a peak in graphs.

3. /ʌf/

rough /rʌf/
tough /tʌf/
enough /ɪˈnʌf/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-3.mp3

These rhyme with puff. If you ever need to go to Loughborough, make sure you pronounce the first ough as /ʌf/ and the second as /ə/. The < o > in < bo > is dropped, which gives the overall pronunciation of /ˈlʌfbrə/.

4. /əʊ/

dough /dəʊ/
though /ðəʊ/
although /ɔ:ɫˈðəʊ/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-4.mp3

These rhyme with go. The < gh > is silent.

5. /u:/

through /θru:/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-5.mp3

Rhymes with too.

6. /ə/

borough /ˈbʌrə/
thorough /ˈθʌrə/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-6.mp3

In both of these words, the stress falls on the first syllable and therefore the < ough > is only said as a schwa /ə/. Despite the number of letters used in < ough >, it is NOT the important part of the word, so remember to make it weak.

7. /aʊ/

bough /baʊ/
plough /plaʊ/
slough /slaʊ/
/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ough-7.mp3

Here are some uncommon words spelt with < ough >, but they have yet another different pronunciation - sorry! A bough is the main branch of a tree, a plough is piece of farming equipment to turn the soil and a slough is a swamp, or, a situation where nothing much is happening.

Unfortunately these multiple pronunciations of < ough > have historical origins and there's not much to do but memorise which one has which sound - good luck!

[ssba]

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OUGH is one of the most confusing spellings in English pronunciation. Here we highlight 7 pronunciations of OUGH with audio.

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HICCOUGHS or HICCUPS

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lough

The word uses the Anglo-Irish spelling of the Old Irish word loch, referring to a lake or a protected bay. Lough is pronounced using a voiceless velar fricative, (say that three times fast) or a ch in the back of the throat.

We hope you've enjoyed this ough examination, and we leave you with a sentence that contains all 10 pronunciations: The wind was rough along the lough as the ploughman fought through the slough and snow, and though he hiccoughed and he coughed, he thought only of his work, determined to be thorough.

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Cough, Cough: Here's 10 Different Ways To Say "ough" - Everything After Z by Dictionary.com

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The word uses the Anglo-Irish spelling of the Old Irish word loch, referring to a lake or a protected bay. Lough is pronounced using a voiceless velar fricative, (say that three times fast) or a ch in the back of the throat.

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EXERCISE 2:                             How do you pronounce these plurals?                          unvoiced /s/ or voiced /z/?         

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EXERCISE 2:                             How do you pronounce these plurals?                          unvoiced /s/ or voiced /z/?         

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parrots, bags, tires, ties, dogs, bosses, keys, girls, flowers, vases, thoughts, mothers, schools, heroes, televisions, mums, sinks, nerves, levels, rivers, words, elbows, hours, heirs, ghosts, talks, mumbles, travels, dots,

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caught, flew, stuff, borough, marrow, tough, Tara, brought, drew, enough, although, laugh, toe, , Edinburgh

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Mostly in French-based words
chauffeur, clichè, machine, Seychelles...

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Mostly in Greek-based words
character, school, Christmas, chorus...

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Mostly pronounced /t͡ʃ/ except:
* eunuch, monarch, matriarch, patriarch, stomach, ache = /k/
* borsch = /ʃ/

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12 VOWELS IN ENGLISH FOR OUR 5 SPANISH VOWELS

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12 VOWELS IN ENGLISH FOR OUR 5 SPANISH VOWELS

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Tour of a boy's face: hair,  eyes, ears, nose & mouth

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Tour of a boy's face: hair,  eyes, ears, nose & mouth

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8 diphthongs
ʊə.....
. ɔɪ...
..eɪ.....
eə....
.aɪ.....
ɪə....
.əʊ.....
aʊ

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JAM NUTS
æ      ʌ
EGGS LEMONS FISH
e               ə         ɪ
ORANGES COOKBOOK
ɒ                 ʊ        ʊ

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SCARF        ɑ:

SKIRT          ɜ:

JEANS         i:

SHORTS ɔ:

SHOES        u:

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Pronounced like the letter "j" in Spanish, as in Loch Ness.

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Adrian Underhill'S Chart

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EXERCISE 3:                           3.1. Write the presenta simple 3rd person sing form of these verbs & the plural of the nouns.                                      3.2 How do you pronounced the ending? /s/, /z/, or /iz/?3.3. How many syllables?  

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EXERCISE 3:                           3.1. Write the presenta simple 3rd person sing form of these verbs & the plural of the nouns.                                      3.2 How do you pronounced the ending? /s/, /z/, or /iz/?3.3. How many syllables?  

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3.1. Write the presenta simple 3rd person sing form of these verbs & the plural of the nouns.
3.3. How do you pronounced the ending? /s/, /z/, or /iz/?
3.3. How many syllable?

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Structure

Miniature

Culture

Adventure

Future

Puncture

Architecture

Creature

Furniture

Picture

Nature

Posture

Gesture

Pasture

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Question, suggestion, digestion, exhaustion, combustion...

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"T" OR DOUBLE "SS" = UNVOICED /ʃ/                                    -TION, -SSION  = /ʃᵊn/ & -SSURE = /ʃə/    

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"T" OR DOUBLE "SS" = UNVOICED /ʃ/                                    -TION, -SSION  = /ʃᵊn/ & -SSURE = /ʃə/    

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-TION

Station

Information

Education

Formation

-SSION

Transmission

Mission

Session

Depression

Impression

Agression

Passion

Admission

Possession

-SSURE

Pressure

Reassure

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ONLY ONE "S" = VOICED      /ʒ/                                                                    -SURE = /ʒə/, -SION = /ʒᵊn/

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ONLY ONE "S" = VOICED      /ʒ/                                                                    -SURE = /ʒə/, -SION = /ʒᵊn/

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-SURE

Pleasure

Measure

Treasure

Enclosure

-SION

Vision

Transfusion

Comprehension

illusion