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The song I chose to analyze is called "Safe," and is written by Sage.  This song mainly addresses the subject of gun violence in schools and describes the topic as being a vicious cycle. It was specifically written in response to the mass shooting that took place on February 14, 2018, at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida ("Stoneman Douglas Highschool Shooting"). Sage's audience is those that have the opportunity to vote or make a change in gun violence. The purpose of this song is to end gun violence by getting people to vote for candidates who support sensible gun laws. Sage was a senior at Brentwood High School in Tennessee when the Parkland shooting took place (Kesha). Although Sage did experience the nationwide consequences and aftermath of the shooting, he was not directly a victim. Thus, the speaker in the song is a high school student that has directly experienced a gun violence situation. This song takes on a very pragmatic and compelling tone that urges people to take action.

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The song "Safe" by Sage is effective in using logos, pathos, and ethos to convince those that are capable of voting to stop gun violence by electing politicians that support sensible gun laws.

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Safe Lyrics: In a mad man's world, happens every day / I don't understand why the rules can't change / I don't wanna be a moment of silence / I don't wanna be an early grave / When I'm walking

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Ethos is used in this song to establish the traits and morals of the different characters. The song starts by saying, "When I'm walking through the halls/ I don't wanna be brave, I just wanna be safe." This uses ethos by establishing the speaker's role as a high school student. It shows us that when he would walk through the halls of his high school, he didn't want to put on that persona of being brave. He wanted to just simply feel safe when he was at school. This speaks to his character as it shows how he can let down his guard and tell people that he truly feels scared to go to school. The chorus goes, "If I die before I wake, please forgive all my mistakes/ Know that I was gonna stand for something, something, something/ I've got so much life to live, and I've got so much love to give." This pertains to ethos because it again establishes what kind of person the speaker is. It shows us that the speaker has in fact made mistakes in his life and that he is not perfect. It also demonstrates how he is a person with hopes and dreams. He believed that he would be able to make a change in the world, stand for something, and become successful. When he talks about more "life to live" and more "love to give," this establishes that Sage is young and has so much potential. It also shows how he is a loving person that wants to continue to share his love. When the song says, "Yeah, politicians only slight work," and "People up in power cool with laws remaining sedentary," this uses ethos to characterize the politicians as being apathetic. It paints the picture of politicians not having to work hard. It also shows that the politicians are immoral because they refuse to change the gun laws even though people are constantly dying from gun violence. Overall, Ethos is used in the lyrics to show that the speaker is a high school student that is full of potential, yet he is scared to even go to school. Ethos is also used to depict politicians as being unconcerned about gun violence.

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Sage uses pathos to include many different emotions in his lyrics. He starts with using the lyric "I don't wanna be a moment of silence/ I don't wanna be an early grave." These metaphors help relate to emotions by painting a picture in your head. The fact that he doesn't want to be a moment of silence symbolizes that he wants to take more action against gun violence instead of just standing by and letting it continue to happen. This makes people rallied up to do more than just stand idle and watch while people die. The early grave symbolizes how the speaker doesn't want to die young. This makes the listeners feel sad because they don't want to have to think about young people dying.  The next lyric that uses pathos is "Every day gun season, breathing was uneven." This symbolizes how everyday there is more reason to be fearful and uneasy. The phrase "breathing was uneven," creates a sense of worry and uneasiness that allows the audience to understand what living in a world filled with gun violence is like. The next verse "Please don't take it all for nothing, nothing, nothing," shows emotion especially through the repetition. It creates the emotion of empathy for the speaker because he is begging for his life and it is a very sad situation. Next, the lyrics are "Tell me, what is my life worth?" This uses pathos by inviting the listener to answer the question and truly think about what someone's life is worth. It creates the sad feeling that people are valuing guns over life. The verses "Mamas look at babies sayin' bye while they in diapers," and "Used to be afraid of snipers, Boogie Man, Pied Piper," use metaphors to influence the listeners' emotions. It tugs on one's heartstrings because it talks about how children, that are so young, are being killed by gun violence. It also shows how sad it is that now children have to grow up with the realistic fear that anyone could use a gun to harm people at anytime. Before, children used to grow up afraid of fictional and non realistic things that were unlikely to actually harm them. Lastly, there is the lyric '"Cause the money green as foliage in cemeteries." This is a metaphor for the blood money that the politicians receive from the NRA. Every time someone dies from gun violence, the NRA pays politicians money in compensation because the NRA wants politicians to keep supporting gun rights. This makes the listener compare that sad image of cemeteries to politicians getting money from the deaths of innocent people. Overall, pathos is used throughout the lyrics to create the emotion of empathy and sadness for those who have died due to gun violence.

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In this song, Logos is used to state facts and appeal to logic. The first example is "In a mad man's world, happens every day." This applies to the fact that on average, 96 people are killed by firearms each day (Leonhardt.) The next line "I don't understand why the rules can't change," talks about how nothing is being done to prevent gun violence.  Politicians are rarely making rules to provide more safety. Another example is "We were just looking for a good time/ now its goodbyes for no reason." This applies to how those who have been killed by gun violence were just trying to live a happy life before their life was taken. There is no reason why innocent people should be killed by gun violence and it is absolutely unjustifiable. The next line is "People down on knees and everything was a blur/ Can't tell you where he was, but I remember where we were." This is an example of a real situation where there was an act of gun violence. It depicts how everything happens so fast in these situations that its hard to remember exactly what happened. Another example of logos is the lyric "Look, lately we can't even have our past-time/ We leave our homes and wonder if it'll be our last time." This applies to logos because people are using logic to make the observation that if they leave, it could actually be their last time due to all the shootings that have been happening. The Lyrics "now we in the street, afraid of rifles/ They end up in the wrong hands." This proves the point that almost 50% of Americans live in a household with a gun. This makes it very easy for those who shouldn't be using guns to obtain access to a gun. The last lyrics are "Say we shouldn't ban all/ Does the right to bear arms trump the right to stand tall?" This refers to the debate over the second amendment that grants people the right to bear arms. This verse questions the logic of this amendment by wondering if the right to bear arms is more important than the right to live. Overall, logic is used to incorporate statements that are logical and makes the audience use their sense of reasoning.

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The song Safe by sage uses logos, pathos, and ethos in both the lyrics and the music video to help get it's point across. The lyrics and the music video work together to get people to make a change in gun violence. They act as a call to action for everyone to stop the senseless cycle of mass shootings and deaths from gun violence. Overall, the song is effective in making voters realize how awful gun violence and it makes them want to take action by voting for more sensible laws and politician.

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Enten, Harry. “There's a Gun for Every American. Less than 1/3 Own Guns.” CNN. Cable News Network, 15 Feb. 2018. Web. 20 Dec. 2018.

Kesha. “You Can Vote to End Gun Violence.” Teen Vogue. TeenVogue, 5 Nov. 2018. Web. 20 Dec. 2018.

Leonhardt, David. “On an Average Day, 96 Americans Die By Firearms.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 11 June 2018. Web. 20 Dec. 2018.

Sage. “Sage - Safe Ft. Kesha, Chika.” YouTube. YouTube, 12 Oct. 2018. Web. 20 Dec. 2018.

“Stoneman Douglas High School Shooting.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Dec. 2018. Web. 20 Dec. 2018.