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In 1892, Homer Plessy - who was seven-eights Caucasian - agreed to participate in a test to challenge the Act

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Homer Plessy - claims that the law for Separate railway cars is unconstitutional and goes against the 14th amendment equal protection clause.

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Does the separate Car Act violate the fourteenth Amendment ?

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Justice Brown conceded that the fourteenth amendment intended to establish absolute equality for the races before the law, but held that separated treatment did not imply the inferiority of African Americans.

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No, Separate but, Equal is  okay under the Equal protection clause

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The court noted that there was not a meaningful difference in quality between the white and black railway cars . In short segregation  did not in itself constitute unlawful discrimination.