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Stop Saying GREAT! 60 Amazing Words To Use Instead Of "Great"

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10 GET Phrasal Verbs: get down, get off, get through, get up, get away...

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Do make

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Stop making mistakes or stop doing mistakes? Do and make are some of the most used verbs in English, but they are regularly confused by English learners. Im going to teach you the logic of when to use make and when to use do. Watch this lesson and youll understand how to use these verbs correctly.

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CONDITIONALS

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Zero Conditional
If you heat water enough, it boils.
Does water boil all by itself? No. The condition that makes it boil is the heating.

When will this happen? Any time the condition is met. This kind of conditional is used for general truths, facts and everyday occurrences. It's not really connected to any particular time.

The result and if clauses both have present verb forms. In the if clause, either if or when can be used - they have the same meaning.
If / When you leave milk out long enough, it goes bad.
If I go to the shops, I'll get some milk. If / When I leave after 8.30, I miss the bus.
If / When I've had a hard day at work, I like to come home to peace and quiet.
First conditional

Will I definitely get some milk? No. The condition that leads to getting milk is going to the shops. I might not go to the shops.

condition = going to the shops

result = buying bread

If I see Mike, I'll tell him about the party.
If you get home before me, can you put the chicken in the oven?
If I pass my exams, I might get a pay rise.
Unlike the zero conditional, this is not a general truth or scientific fact. It's talking about a specific time and event, and not something that's always true. It's talking about a time in the future and something that might happen then.

The if clause has a present verb form. The result clause takes will + infinitive without to when we are certain that the result will happen if the condition is met. If we're not certain, we can use a modal verb like may or might.

You can use when instead of if in the if clause, but the meaning is different. Compare:

If I go to the shops, I'll get some milk.
Am I going the shops? Perhaps, it's a possibility.
If I were you, I'd take a holiday!
If you loaned me some money, I could buy a new car.
If I had the time, I could finish the gardening. But I'm too busy with work.
When I go to the shops, I'll get some milk.
Am I going to the shops? Probably, it's a plan.

For more informaton about zero and first conditionals, see Unit 5

Second conditional

The second conditional is about imaginary results of impossible or unlikely conditions in the present or future.
If I had studied harder at college, I could have gone to a better university.
If we had never met, my life would have been a lot less complicated.
If hadn't taken the job, I might have regretted it.
If I won a million pounds, I'd still carry on working.
Will l win the lottery? It's possible but I think it's very unlikely.

If I had that much money, I'd give up my job immediately.
Do I have that much money? No, I don't.

The if clause contains the past simple. There is, however, one exception: if the verb to be is in the if clause, use were and not was in the first and second person singular. The main clause contains would (or other modals such as could or might) followed by the infinitive without to.

Third conditional

We use this conditional to talk about an imaginary result of something in the past.

If I hadn't missed the bus, I wouldn't have met the love of my life.
Did I miss the bus? Yes I did, so the result is purely imagined.

The if clause has a past perfect structure and the result clause has would (or other modals such as could or might) + have + past participle.

You can see more about the second and third conditionals in Unit 9.

To do

In the activity, check to see if you can identify different conditional structures.

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BBC Learning English - Course: intermediate / Unit 24 / Session 2 / Activity 1

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If you heat water enough, it boils. Does water boil all by itself? No. The condition that makes it boil is the heating. When will this happen? Any time the condition is met. This kind of conditional is used for general truths, facts and everyday occurrences. It's not really connected to any particular time.

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Learn List of Verbs Followed by a Gerund with Pictures and Examples in English.

A gerund is a verb form that functions as a noun.

Although similar to a verbal noun, the two are not identical, as a gerund retains properties of a verb, whereas a verbal noun does not; in English this is most evident in the fact that a gerund can be modified by an adverb and can take a direct object. The term "-ing form" is often used in English to refer to the gerund specifically.

Common Verbs Followed by a Gerund

E.g. She admitted stealing the money

E.g. You should avoid walking home after 2 a.m.

E.g. I will carry on living in Ireland until 2013.

E.g. Have you considered living in Italy? The weather is nicer.

E.g. I won't delay studying. I'm going to start tonight.

E.g. The criminal denied killing the woman.

E.g. I don't mind sleeping on the sofa.

E.g. I enjoy travelling around the world.

E.g. Have you finished cleaning the kitchen?

E.g. I want to give up smoking soon.

E.g. Can you imagine winning the lottery? I would be amazing!

E.g. I think I will keep studying until 11 pm.

E.g. I miss spending time with my friends in Spain.

E.g. Don't postpone studying for the exam.

E.g. Do you spend a lot of time studying?

E.g. I recommend learning English in Ireland.

E.g. We cannot risk going home late because there are no buses.

E.g. They suggested going to the cinema, but we said no.

E.g. I cannot tolerate living here. The weather is too bad!

E.g. She advised waiting until tomorrow.

E.g. I anticipate having a good time on vacation.

E.g. I appreciated hearing from them.

E.g. I can't bear waiting in long lines.

E.g. It began raining.

E.g. I finally completed writing my term paper.

E.g. He continued speaking.

E.g. They discussed opening a new business.

E.g. I dislike driving long distances.

E.g. I'll never forget visiting Napolenon's tomb.

E.g. I hate making silly mistakes.

E.g. I can't help worrying about it.

E.g. I like going to movies.

E.g. I love going to operas.

E.g. She mentioned going to a movie.

E.g. The athlete practiced throwing the ball.

E.g. Jame prefers talking to driving to work.

E.g. He quit trying to solve the problem.

E.g. I don't recall meeting him before.

E.g. I don't recollect meeting him before.

E.g. I regret telling him secret.

E.g. I can remember meeting him when I was a child.

E.g. I resent her interfering in my business.

E.g. I couldn't resist eating the dessert.

E.g. I can't stand waiting in long lines.

E.g. It started raining.

E.g. She stopped going to classes when she got sick.

E.g. I tried changing the light bulb, but the lamp still didn't work

E.g. I don't understand his leaving school.

Common Verbs Followed by a Gerund | Picture

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List of Verbs Followed by A Gerund - ESLBuzz Learning English

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Learn List of Verbs Followed by a Gerund with Pictures and Examples in English. A gerund is a verb form that functions as a noun. Although similar to a verbal noun, the two are not identical, as a gerund retains properties of a verb, whereas a verbal noun does not; in English this is most evident in the fact that a gerund can be modified by an adverb and can take a direct object.

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English Lessons with Adam - Learn English [engVid]

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Vocabulary - though, although, even though, despite, in spite of

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Intransitive phrasal verbs

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Learn 20 intransitive PHRASAL VERBS in English

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Take the Present Perfect Progressive challenge!

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Will
Well, hello! And welcome to today's Grammar Gameshow! I'm your host, Will! No, seriously, look, I'm running out of these. You come up with one at home. And of course, let's not forget Leslie, our all-knowing voice in the sky.

Will
Tonight we're going to ask you three questions about...

Leslie
The present perfect simple and past simple tenses.

Will
OK! Now, let's meet our contestants!

Didactica
Hello. I'm Didactica

Will
And contestant number two?

Didactica
It's nice to meet you. I'm Pedantia.

Will
Now, correct me if I'm wrong, but you two are sisters, aren't you?

Pedantia
That's correct.

Didactica
And linguists.

Both
We do everything together.

Will
That was creepy! I guess it's a team game, then! Let's get going and don't forget you can play along at home too. Round one is a 'which tense' round. I'm going to show you some past simple sentences and you're going to decide if they should remain past simple or be changed into the present perfect. Here we go. I cut my finger.

Didactica
How badly?

Will
Does it matter?

Pedantia
Of course! The present perfect is all about the relevance...

Didactica
...or importance of something in the present...

Pedantia
...even if the action is past. If you cut your finger,

Didactica
...but it isn't important to you - maybe it doesn't hurt...

Pedantia
...or doesn't stop you using your hand,

Didactica
then it's past simple. But...

Pedantia
...if you cut your finger...

Didactica
...and you need to go to hospital,

Pedantia
...well, that's a relevant or significant present consequence...

Didactica
...of a past action, so then...

Pedantia
...it's a present perfect.

Pedantia
You need to be...

Will
Oh, I don't know! You cut your finger at an artery, and a six-foot-high fountain of blood is spurting all over the ceiling!

Didactica
...nip then. Probably...

Didactica
...present perfect. I've...

Pedantia
...cut my finger.

Will
The Olympic Games started.

Didactica
Is this being mentioned...

Pedantia
...for the first time?

Didactica
Then it's news.

Pedantia
So, the Olympic Games...

Didactica
...have started. Present perfect...

Didactica
...news. Official, or...

Pedantia
...personal. You could also...

Didactica
...tell people that you've passed...

Pedantia
...your driving test if...

Didactica
...you want to give...

Pedantia
...them a lift for the first time...

Will
Last one, I lived in London for many years.

Didactica
live in London?

Pedantia
Then, I've lived in...

Didactica
London for many years.

Pedantia
Present perfect...

Didactica
...for a continuation or...

Pedantia
...repetition of something...

Didactica
...up to the present.

Will
You're giving me the willies. Leslie, comfort me!

Leslie
The difference between the present perfect simple and past simple is not always easy to understand. Much of it relies on context and what the speaker thinks is important or relevant. The bottom line is, the present perfect is used when past actions or states are important or connected to the present in some way. This could be past actions with present consequences, announcing new information, or the continuation of something from the past to the present. Finally, after we have used the present perfect simple, we switch to the past simple to go into specific detail. Don't forget!

Will
Well done, ladies. Have 11 divided in half. That's one each! Round two. The present perfect is often associated with a number of adverbs. These adverbs spell out J.E.A.N.Y. I want to know what they are.

Pedantia
Just.

Pedantia
Already or Always.

Pedantia
Although, the word genie...

Didactica
...is spelt 'G E N...

Pedantia
...I E' so it would have been...

Didactica
...better to say...

Pedantia
...spell a homophone...

Pedantia
It's just a way of remembering.

Pedantia
...is important.

Didactica
And you forgot...

Will
Alright, yeah, we get it! You know, there's something very eerie about you two. Leslie!

Leslie
Scarily accurate! The present perfect is associated with a number of adverbs, many of which mean 'at some or any time up to now'. A useful way of remembering some of them is to use the mnemonic JEANY! Just, ever, already, never, yet! You could also say JEANYFSLR, with for, since, lately, and recently. But it doesn't have the same ring to it.

Will
Good work. On to our last round, thank goodness. Look at these sentences and tell me if the use of time in each is correct. Have you been to France?

Didactica
The sentence is...

Pedantia
...correct. In these contexts...

Didactica
...when time is not mentioned, the speaker...

Pedantia
...is usually thinking of a period of...

Will
I've last seen John yesterday.

Pedantia
Yesterday is...

Didactica
...finished time...

Didactica
...the present perfect ...

Pedantia
...with finished time...

Didactica
...except in exceptional circumstances.

Leslie
Correct!

Will
Right. Last one. Have you seen John this morning?

Pedantia
What time is it...

Didactica
...in this context?

Didactica
Then the morning...

Pedantia
...is not over. It is...

Didactica
...still this morning...

Pedantia
...so we can use...

Didactica
...the present perfect.

Will
Well, what if it's 3pm?

Didactica
Then the morning...

Pedantia
...is finished and becomes...

Didactica
...finished time.

Leslie
Correct!

Will
Make them stop Leslie.

Leslie
All the hairs on the back of my neck are standing up. The present perfect is often used without a time word. In these cases, the speaker is generally thinking of a time period meaning up to the present. We can also use the present perfect with time periods that are not finished. For example, saying 'I've had a nice day today,' at 8 o'clock at night. If the time word represents a finished time period though, we use the past simple.

Will
Good job, ladies. You certainly know your grammar. Have twelvty points.

Didactica
...a real number.

Will
That is true! But I don't care! That was creepy. And accuracy is your speciality, so release the indescribable whatchamacallit. Freaky-deaky! I probably did the world a favour there. Saved some money on a prize too! And that brings us to the end of today's Grammar Gameshow. Thanks for joining us. Say goodbye, Leslie.

Leslie
Sampai jumpa, Leslie!

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BBC Learning English - Course: The Grammar Gameshow / Unit 1 / Session 30 / Activity 1

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Will Well, hello! And welcome to today's Grammar Gameshow! I'm your host, Will! No, seriously, look, I'm running out of these. You come up with one at home. And of course, let's not forget Leslie, our all-knowing voice in the sky. Will Tonight we're going to ask you three questions about...

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Learn English With Songs | 4 Fun & Easy Steps!

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Countable and uncountable nouns: The Grammar Gameshow Episode 27

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Learn English Prepositions with TV Series: In, On, At