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First city-states arise in Sumer

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Sargon of Akkad

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Romans turned Rome into a republic.

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Athenians reorganized their city-state as a direct democracy.

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The Roman Empire was established

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Rome fell to invading tribes

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Lords acquired more land. Later went on to become feudalism.

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The feudal system of lords and vassals entered a period of decline

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The rise of absolute monarchies, or governments headed by hereditary rulers who claimed unlimited powers.

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The Glorious Revolution, also known as the Bloodless Revolution, led to the establishment of Europe's first constitutional monarchy.

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Several European countries had become nation-states headed by absolute monarchs.

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The American Revolution led to the creation of the first modern constitutional democracy

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A third revolution took place, though an authoritarian regime had to be put in place to calm the chaos.

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The Russian Revolution. Established a communism society.

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Fascism appeared in Italy.

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Nazism took root in Germany.