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GRAMMAR REVISION: TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES

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GRAMMAR REVISION: TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES

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Read the options for your next holiday.docx

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QUESTIONS AFTER WATCHING TED TALK "THE STORY BEHIND..."

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QUESTIONS AFTER WATCHING TED TALK "THE STORY BEHIND..."

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TED TALKS: THE STORY BEHIND THE PAINTING

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TED TALKS: THE STORY BEHIND THE PAINTING

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When Tracy Chevalier looks at paintings, she imagines the stories behind them: How did the painter meet his model? What would explain that look in her eye? Why is that man ... blushing? She shares three stories inspired by portraits, including the one that led to her best-selling novel "Girl With a Pearl Earring."

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Stephen Hawking Interview: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)

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DO YOU LIKE FOOTBALL? LEARN THE NAMES OF THE EPL TEAMS

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DO YOU LIKE FOOTBALL? LEARN THE NAMES OF THE EPL TEAMS

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How to Pronounce ALL 20 English Premier League Football Teams 2017/2018

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Mixed conditionals | Learn English grammar

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Learn about mixed conditionals to express unreal situations and help you understand English grammar much better. Learn English at https://anglopod.com/ Connect with me on social media: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/anglopod Twitter: https://twitter.com/anglopod Google Plus: https://plus.google.com/+Anglopod Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/anglopod TRANSCRIPT Hi everyone, in this video lesson we're going to complete our series of videos on the conditional sentences.

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Dan
Hi guys. Dan from BBC Learning English here. In this session we'll be looking at mixed conditionals. Now, I know that clever students like yourselves will know that English has three types of conditional sentences. First conditional is to talk about real, present or future situations, second conditional is to talk about hypothetical present or future situations and third conditional is to talk about hypothetical past situations. All three types of conditional are fantastic and all three types of conditional talk about events within their own time frame - present, future and past. But what about if you want to talk about an event that happened in the past - which affects the future? Can events in the present or the future affect the past?

Come over here and let's take a look. Here is a third conditional sentence:

If I had taken programming at school, I would have got a job at Google years ago.

Here we have a past hypothetical with a past consequence. Notice the formula: 'If' plus the past perfect here, 'would' plus have plus the past participle here. Now watch what happens as we change the consequence.
If I had taken programming at school, I would be working for Google.
Now we have a past hypothetical with a present consequence. This part here is from a second conditional. Its formula is 'would' plus the bare infinitive. This kind of makes sense in that decisions or actions in the past affect the present. But can we do the future? Well, let's have a look.
If I had taken programming at school, I would be attending the Google conference next week.
Yes we can. As you can see, the only difference between the present and the future is the time expression. The formula is exactly the same: 'would' plus the infinitive. Second conditional. Did you get it? Now let's see what happens if we try to make the second - which is the present - affect the past, which is a third.
If I were smarter, I would have invented something clever when I was younger.
It can. Now we have a present theory with a past result. This can be a little difficult to understand, until we realise that 'if I were smarter' is the same as saying 'I am not smart' - which is present simple. And remember that we use present simple for long term truth. When I say 'I am not smart', I mean: I am not smart now, in the future and in the past. It's the same as saying 'I am English' - past, present and future. So, this kind of conditional works very well with personal descriptions. And here are a couple of other examples.
If he were taller, he would have become a basketball player. If they were in love, they would have got married 10 years ago. If I were less interesting, I wouldn't have been asked to speak in public so many times.
Did you get it? Good. Let's try one more. Present to past. But a little bit more specific this time.

If I weren't flying on holiday next week, I would have accepted that new project at work.

Here we have a present second, although it's actually future, with a past third result. This means that the person couldn't accept the project at work because they knew that they would be flying in the future. OK guys, did you get it? Mixing conditionals isn't difficult to do, as long as you both have confidence and an understanding of the verb forms. It's much easier to do a third to second than it is to do a second to third, but both are possible. And finally, don't forget the importance of time words. OK? Alright.

Now, for more information have a look at bbclearningenglish.com. I've been Dan, you've been great. Have fun guys, see you next time.

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BBC Learning English - Course: Towards Advanced / Unit 7 / Session 1 / Activity 1

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Dan Hi guys. Dan from BBC Learning English here. In this session we'll be looking at mixed conditionals. Now, I know that clever students like yourselves will know that English has three types of conditional sentences.

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TED TALKS: MOBILE PHONES AND CONGO. QUESTIONS

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TED TALKS: MOBILE PHONES AND CONGO. QUESTIONS

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BBC ENGLISH: DO YOU NEED TO UPGRADE YOUR MOBILE PHONE?

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BBC ENGLISH: DO YOU NEED TO UPGRADE YOUR MOBILE PHONE?

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Many people are holding onto their old phones longer - instead of rushing out to buy the latest model of phone. What are the advantages or disadvantages of getting the latest model? Rob and Catherine talk about smartphones and teach you new vocabulary.

This week's question

Which age group have been buying smartphones at the fastest rate over the last five years here in the UK? Is it...

a) 15-35 year olds,

b) 35-55 year olds or

c) 55-75 year olds?

Listen to the programme to find out the answer.

Vocabulary

functionality
a range of functions a computer or other electronic device can perform

hang on to (something)
keep (something)

cycle
a process where one event leads to another, and then often repeats itself

mature
fully grown or fully developed

must-have item
something you feel you must have

Transcript
Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript
Catherine
Hello and welcome to Six Minute English! I'm Catherine.

Rob
And I'm Rob - and today we bring you a techy topic along with six up-to-date vocabulary items.

And today's techy topic is smartphones. So Rob, can you tell me which age group have been buying smartphones at the fastest rate over the last five years here in the UK? Is it...
a) 15-35 year olds,
b) 35-55 year olds or
c) 55-75 year olds?

Rob
It's got to be the youngsters. It's got to be the 15-35 year olds.

Catherine
Oh well we'll see whether you got that right or wrong later on in the show. Now Rob, a question: how old is your smartphone?

Rob
OK mine, I bought it a couple of years ago.

Catherine
And are you happy with it?

Rob
Yes, I am. It works just fine - it does everything I need it to do.

Catherine
So you're not worried about not having the latest model?

Rob
Not at all. My phone works really well - it has all the functionality I need. And I'm not convinced that the latest model offers any more than the one I've got, to be honest.

Functionality refers to the range of functions a computer or other electronic device can perform. So, let's listen now to Andrew Orlowski, from the tech news website The Register. He explains why people are holding onto their phones longer - instead of rushing out to buy the latest model of phone.

Andrew Orlowski, The Register
What's happened is that prices have gone up at the high end. And it's kind of a cycle where people hang onto their phones for longer, therefore manufacturers charge more. Then people hang onto them longer to justify that higher purchase.

So big brand names like iPhone and Samsung make phones at the high end of the market - meaning the expensive ones. So once people have bought a handset, they hang on to it! If you hang onto something, you keep it. I've been hanging onto my phone for a couple of years - and am hoping I won't need to change it for another year or so, at least.

Catherine
But what happens is, if people aren't replacing their phones, the phone manufacturers don't make a big enough profit. So they start charging more...

... and this, in turn, makes people hang onto their phones even longer! So that's why Andrew Orlowski calls it a cycle - that's where one event leads to another, and then often repeats itself.

Catherine
So where will the cycle end?

Rob
Good question! Let's listen to Andrew again, talking about where he thinks the smartphone market is heading.

Andrew Orlowski, The Register
I think it's a very mature market now. And you have to compare, say, a £900 Galaxy Note or a £1000 iPhone with a spectacular TV you can... a 49 inch TV you can get for £450. It no longer has that kind of must-have lustre that it might have had 4 or 5 years ago.

Catherine
What does 'mature' mean, Rob?

Mature means fully-grown - we're mature adults for example, Catherine! And in a business context, a mature market is where supply is equal to demand.

Catherine
And if something has 'must-have lustre'? What's that?

A must-have item is something you feel you must have. And lustre means shine.

Catherine
I love shiny new things, especially when it's a piece of new tech. But £1000 is a lot of money for a phone. A spectacular 49-inch TV for only £450 sounds like a bargain though! My TV only has a 30-inch screen.

Rob
Stop there, Catherine! It's time for the answer to today's question.

Catherine
OK: Which age group have been buying smartphones at the fastest rate over the last five years here in the UK? Is it... a) 15-35 year olds, b) 35-55 year olds, or c) 55-75 year olds?

Rob
I said 15-35 year olds.

Catherine
And you were wrong, I'm afraid, Rob! The answer is 55-75 year olds! Although research also highlighted that this age group tended to use their smartphones less than younger people.The study was based on a sample of 1,163 people questioned between May and June in 2017.

Rob
Interesting. OK, I think it's time we looked back at the words we learned today. Our first word is 'functionality' - which refers to the range of functions a computer of other electronic device can perform.

Catherine
'These two computers are similar in terms of both their price and functionality.'

Rob
Good example Catherine. Number two - if you hang on to something, you keep it. For example, 'You should hang onto your old TV, Catherine. There's nothing wrong with a 30 inch screen!'

Catherine
Thanks for the advice, Rob. And our next word is 'cycle' - that's where one event leads to another, and then often repeats itself. For example, 'I'm in a bad cycle of going to bed late, then oversleeping in the morning.'

Rob
You need to sort yourself out, Catherine! You're spending too much time on social media - and all that blue-screen time makes it very hard to fall asleep. The last thing you need is a bigger TV!

Catherine
You're probably right. OK - the adjective 'mature' means fully grown or fully developed. Here's an example of the verb form- 'My investments have matured and they're worth a lot of money now!'

Rob
Right moving on, a 'must-have item' is something you feel you must have! For example, 'Check out the latest must-have tech bargains on our website!'

Catherine
And finally, 'lustre' - which means shine.

Rob
For example, 'I polished my brass doorknob until it shone with a pleasing lustre.'

Catherine
OK before Rob heads off to polish is doorknob, and I nip out to buy a new big-screen TV, please remember to check out our Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube pages.

Rob/Catherine
Bye!

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BBC Learning English - 6 Minute English / Do you need to upgrade your phone?

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Many people are holding onto their old phones longer - instead of rushing out to buy the latest model of phone. What are the advantages or disadvantages of getting the latest model? Rob and Catherine talk about smartphones and teach you new vocabulary.

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Finn
Hello, from a fire escape. Why am I in a fire escape? Because I got a bit lost. Sorry about that.

But while we're here, let's talk about some grammar. And today we're looking at the third conditional. OK, but I know you're a busy person. You know I'm a busy person. We don't have time to remind ourselves that the third conditional is: if + past perfect + would + have + the past participle. We don't have time to do that!

Instead, I'm going to give you just one thing that you need to remember if you forget everything else. One crucial tip. And I'm going to do it in 30 seconds, actually, one minute and 30 seconds, give myself a bit more time. Here it is, one minute and 30 seconds, starting now. BEEP.

The question is: when do you use the third conditional? And the answer is: when you're talking about a past situation that didn't happen. OK? A past situation that didn't happen.

Right now I'm in a fire escape. Why? Because I'm lost. So in the past I didn't pay attention. So the past situation that didn't happen is me paying attention. So we can use a third conditional here, we can say: if I had paid attention, I wouldn't have got lost. OK? If I had paid attention, I wouldn't have got lost. Let's think of one more. But, if I hadn't got lost, I wouldn't have found this beautiful, very beautiful number three. So, this number three... third conditional... see the connection? Hopefully this will help us remember when to use it. If I hadn't got lost, I wouldn't have found this number three.

And that's it! I have nine seconds remaining. So just remember, the third conditional is for when we're talking about a past situation that didn't happen. Now all I need to do is find my way out of here. Erm, I'm going to go this way. See you.

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BBC Learning English - Course: Upper-intermediate / Unit 1 / Session 1 / Activity 1

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Finn Hello, from a fire escape. Why am I in a fire escape? Because I got a bit lost. Sorry about that. But while we're here, let's talk about some grammar. And today we're looking at the third conditional. OK, but I know you're a busy person. You know I'm a busy person.