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How do drugs affect the brain? - Sara Garofalo

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It is the leaves, stems, and flowering tops of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. It is called pot, dope, weed, and grass. This drug is used by smoking a pipe from a joint or mixed with food. It can cause distorted perceptions, difficulties with thinking, loss of coordination, increased heart rate, and feelings of anxiety. A long term effect this has is that it is a gateway for other drugs.

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It is the strongest known hallucinogen, and it is called lysergic acid diethyl. It can also be called acid. It is usually inserted through a patch, and it can stimulate or depress the nervous system. Abusers can experience hallucinations in which they have superhuman abilities. Also, they can cause flashbacks of frightening episodes.

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Drugs that affect the brain are called psychoactive drugs. They create a pleasurable feeling the user can get addicted to. They trigger activity along a pathway of cells in the brain called the reward pathway. The brain naturally creates  dopamine in the brain, which causes pleasure, and drugs release even more dopamine into the brain. However, after repeated drug use, brain cells los receptors for dopamine, which lessens the signal for pleasure. This means that even more drugs are needed to compensate for the pleasure, which causes addiction.

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It is short for phencyclidine, and it was once used as an anesthetic for large animals. Nowadays, this illegal substance is called angel dust in the street. Abusers may smoke it with tobacco, inject, sniff, and eat it. This drug nullifies the sensation of pain, so abusers may unintentionally injure themselves. Victims can suffer schizophrenia, and the effects occur long after drug use, along with flashbacks.

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It is a drug made from psychoactive compounds contained in seed pods of poppy plants. Some examples of it is heroin. This a genre of drugs in its own, so there is no nickname. In small doses, it can act as a painkiller, but people use it as a high. Some side effects are nausea, vomiting, decreased alertness, drowsiness, and depressed respiration. A long term effect is constipation and infections with injections.

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A powerful but short-acting stimulant, and a nickname/more potent form for it is crack. It is highly addictive and is used by sniffing through the nose, smoking it, or injecting it directly into the body. It causes sleep disorders, loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate. Long term effects are depression, paranoia, irritability, weight ls, irregular heartbeat, seizures, respiratory failure, cardiovascular failure, and liver damage.