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You create and manipulate your documents and files using various elements, such as panels, bars, and windows

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graphical control element on which on-screen buttons, icons, menus, or other input or output elements are placed.

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the Grand Central Station for managing layers

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user interface element that contains selectable commands and options for a specific program

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a group of a super useful, non-destructive image editing tools that add color and tonal adjustments to your image without permanently changing its pixels

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selecting areas which have reasonably well-defined edges

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determines how closely to match colours - higher tolerance means a larger selection

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Similar to the lasso tool, except that instead of holding your mouse button down to draw, left-click on various points to create a selection with a series of straight edges

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expands outward and automatically finds and follows defined edges in the image.

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used to draw selections based on geometric shapes. Specifically, the marquee tool allows you to draw rectangular and elliptical selections. To form the selection, simply click and drag the mouse.

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CTRL + ALT + Z

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Hold ALT + while scrolling with wheel on mouse

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B

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E

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[ ] brackets

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ALT = click color ( paint brush tool)

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new duplicate layer from selection ( Creates new layers) 

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new duplicate layer from selection ( Creates new layers) 

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CTRL + J

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CTRL + Shift + j

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Hold shift

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while sectioning to REMOVE FROM selection 

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while sectioning to REMOVE FROM selection 

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Hold ALT

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CTRL + D

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refine edge

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inverse selection ( reverse what you selected )

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inverse selection ( reverse what you selected )

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sift + CTRL + I

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merges a layer to what layer is below it 

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merges a layer to what layer is below it 

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CTRL + E

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lighten or darken areas of the image.

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lighten or darken areas of the image

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saturates / desaturates image areas

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allows you to duplicate part of an image

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cuts out a defined area deleting or hiding the rest of an image:

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simply a fancy way of saying what the length of one side of a pixel is in relation to the length of the other

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crop and straighten photos in Photoshop. The Crop tool is non-destructive, and you can choose to retain the cropped pixels to optimize the crop boundaries later.

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use values of gray to assign levels of transparency to specific portions of a layer or group of layers while clipping masks use the transparency of one layer to define that of a different layer or group of layers

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used to paint a blur effect. Each stroke made using the Blur Tool will lower the contrast between affected pixels, making them appear blurred. ... A soft blur brush will alter pixels at varying strengths, stronger in the center turning weaker towards the edges

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Sharpening enhances the definition of edges in an image. Whether your images come from a digital camera or a scanner, most images can benefit from sharpening. ... Sharpen your image multiple times in small amounts. Sharpen the first time to correct blur captured by a scanner or digital camera

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an be used to create a lens blur effect and to blend certain aspects of a picture.

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creates a gradual blend between multiple colors. You can choose from preset gradient fills or create your own. Note: You cannot use the Gradient tool with bitmap or indexed-color images. To fill part of the image, select the desired

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fills an area, that is similar in color value to the pixels you click. You can fill an area with the foreground color or a pattern. Choose a foreground color. Select the Paint Bucket tool in the toolbox

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Adobe Photoshop provides several tools for painting and editing image color. ...Tools like the Eraser tool, Blur tool, and Smudge tool modify the existing colors in the image. In the options bar for each of these painting tools, you can set how color is applied to an image and choose from preset brush tips

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creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer

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creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer

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a period shortly after sunrise or before sunset during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

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is a high dynamic range (HDR) technique used in imaging andphotography to reproduce a greater dynamic range of luminosity than is possible with standard digital imaging or photographic techniques.

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a reduction of an image's brightness or saturation toward the periphery compared to the image center.

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where the camera determines a proper exposure not on the average brightness levels of the whole frame, but just of one specific spot

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one of four modes found mostly on Canon cameras to help measure a subject's brightness, enabling the photographer to take a correct exposure

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It works similarly to the above example by dividing the entire frame into multiple “zones”, which are then all analyzed on individual basis for light and dark tones