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The Hmong people brought an appreciation of family (social capital) which has been strengthened through their resistant capital- their ties to family have been strengthened by being uprooted from their land and treated as less than equal in their new homes which is caused by their opposition of other cultures

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The Hmong had aspirational capital in that no matter what hardships they encountered when they were being forced out of Laos and forced to leave the only thing they've ever known, they were still optimistic of making a new life and surviving amongst their family. They also exhibit this aspirational capital in their optimism and love for Lia, regardless of her sickness and health struggles. I also think the Hmong people exhibit social capital in that they have a strong community of other Hmong individuals surrounding them. They respect their elders and use them as a resource when encountering cultural or personal troubles. Their network also consists of tight familial bonds and the respect of their spiritual healers which speaks highly to their own personal social capital.

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The Hmong had aspirational capital in that no matter what hardships they encountered when they were being forced out of Laos and forced to leave the only thing they've ever known, they were still optimistic of making a new life and surviving amongst their family. They also exhibit this aspirational capital in their optimism and love for Lia, regardless of her sickness and health struggles. I also think the Hmong people exhibit social capital in that they have a strong community of other Hmong individuals surrounding them. They respect their elders and use them as a resource when encountering cultural or personal troubles. Their network also consists of tight familial bonds and the respect of their spiritual healers which speaks highly to their own personal social capital.

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The Hmong absolutely had familial capital because the familial bond is such an important thing to ones young life. They also most definitely had aspirational capital because of how much their people experienced throughout history. Constantly the Hmong were oppressed and forced to relocate, but their culture and society prospered.

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The Hmong have linguistic capital because they share stories with rich imagery about the souls journey and their spiritual practices. The Hmong have strong familial capital because they don't assimilate into other cultures; they always maintain strong spiritual and cultural practices. The Hmong also have strong navigational capital, especially the Lees. They were able to navigate through the medical and social systems revolving around Lia and her diagnosis to eventually provide the level of care they desired for her all along.

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The Hmong have familial capital because many of their traditions revolve around the family. This is demonstrated in The Spirit with recounts of Lia's family's traditions especially around pregnancy, birthing, and naming of children.  Many of the Hmong people that reside in the US show navigational capital because they are able to adapt to and live in a new culture completely different than their own. For example, Lia's family continued to bring Lia back into the hospital to seek out care because they knew something was wrong with their daughter and they wanted to help her. Despite a language barrier they continued to return and insist that Lia be seen and helped.

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The Hmong have familial capital because they value their traditions and cultural practices. They make it a priority to continue them. The Hmong have social capital because they are very connected with their family and Hmong community. They are able to find strength through one another in this new environment. Finally, the Hmong had aspirational capital which is shown through how they persevered through a difficult history while still maintaining their culture as a society.

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The Hmong people have resistance capital considering they are very attached to their values and do not feel the need to adhere to other cultures. The Hmong people also have familial capital since they have such a strong bond within their family and care for one another deeply.

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the Hmong bring aspirational capital to the highest degree. They have persisted throughout time and turbulence while maintaining their fierce independence. They also bring tremendous familial capital to the U.S. - Lia and her family are a perfect example. Lia and her family are also a great example of the resistant capital that the Hmong bring. They are always challenging inequality by not backing down or changing their beliefs/practices.

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The Hmong had familial capital due to their tight knits amongst themselves historically, but this also carried over in the shared culture and traditions that they had and maintained over the years and through the times. I think its a feat that so many traditions were as strong and long lasting as we saw from the book.

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The Hmong have resistance capital through the use of their oppositional behavior as represented from their group's historical past with authority. Also, the Hmong have a sense of social capital from the displacement historically, which has brought the community together and strengthen their culture. However, this also ties into familial capital. Regarding the Lee's specifically, although they traveled to America to escape the wars, they still hold tight onto their cultural beliefs as represented through the use of twvix neebs and sacrifices.

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I think the Hmoung show familial capital through their strong family ties which grow because of their long lasting culture and traditions like we've seen with birthing traditions and their approach to healing the sick and medicine. I think a huge part of why Lia was taken from her parents was because the staff working with her was looking through a deficit and not seeing this familial capital her family had, though it might look different from a typical American family.

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I think the Hmoung show familial capital through their strong family ties which grow because of their long lasting culture and traditions like we've seen with birthing traditions and their approach to healing the sick and medicine. I think a huge part of why Lia was taken from her parents was because the staff working with her was looking through a deficit and not seeing this familial capital her family had, though it might look different from a typical American family.

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The Hmong have familial capital because they have very strong family connections and traditions that they continue to pass on. They also have strong social capital because they have very strong ties with the rest of the Hmong community. They often travel together, stick together when they move, and are there for each other when members of the community are sick or struggling. The Hmong also have aspirational capital. This is seen in the Spirit, as Lia's parents are hopeful that she will get better and continue advocating for her even when she is sick.

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Social capital because of strong supports and celebration after the birth of a baby, which can also be related to familial capital. Familial capital is also demonstrated by having a strong bond among the family was an important belief of the Hmong people. Aspirational capital is embodied through starting new lives after being uprooted and moving to a new area.

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The Hmong have social capital because despite moving across the world to a brand new place, the Hmong in the US have kept their family ties strong, with large family gatherings and social support.
The Hmong have aspirational character, in particular the Lee's, because improvement was highly unlikely for Lia, but her family continued to care for her to the best of their ability in hopes that she would improve.
The Hmong have familial capital in that they have strong bonds with their family members, and with their family is where they spend most of their time, whether it be celebrations, story-telling, etc. They learn almost everything they know about life from their families.

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The Hmong have a strong social capital among themselves. They have a strong community within the United States even if they do not have many relationships outside of their own community. This social capital allows them to keep their traditions alive from their homeland. The Hmong also had strong aspirational capital because they faced a lot of adversity through being removed from their homeland, surviving a war, and emigrating to the US. They were able to make it through everything because they wanted to survive and protect their family.

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The Hmong have an abundance of aspirational capital, they always strived to be their own people and have their own belief system even without ever having their own country. They are a resilient group of people no matter where they relocate to and have hope that their culture will survive.
The Hmong also have familial capital, they have strong familial ties and would do whatever they think is necessary in order to protect their loved ones. While their customs are different than ours, especially in terms of health care, they will stop at nothing to ensure their family is healthy.
The Hmong have resistant capital, they have learned to adapt to hardships and have even learned new things in order to survive such as taking fast-acting antibiotics when they are sick. They are a people without a nation, yet they are able to preserve their culture.

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Aspirational capital: The Hmong have aspirational capital because of their history of being forced to move place to place to preserve their culture and beliefs. This is also seen in the Hmong moving to America, where they face many linguistic and cultural barriers, but remain true to their beliefs.
Resistance capital: The Hmong also have resistance capital due to their history of opposition to authority and their unwillingness to change their beliefs in the face of adversity.
Familial capital: Lia's family had familial capital because they cared deeply for each other and created a strong support system for each other. Lia's parents wanted the best for Lia and wanted to give her the best care possible

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The Hmong has familial capital because they stressed the importance and appreciation of the family. They value the traditions they get to share with them. They have linguistic capital as they share their stories with great imagery about their spiritual practices. They demonstrate the strongest of aspirational capital as they had to begin new lives after having to move to a new area.

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1. The Hmong have aspirational capital due to their hardships with persecution and oppression, and with assimilation in the USA. Especially with Lia's situation. Despite these hardships, they have continued to keep their spirits and culture high
2. The Hmong have social capital because of their history of persecution and oppression. Due to these circumstances, they have stayed true to their culture and values and have found strength in each other and amongst their people.

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The Lees represent aspirational capital through their determination to make sure Lia is healthy despite the discrepancies of beliefs between the Lees and Lia's doctors. They work as hard as they can to try to give Lia the right medication without overwhelming her system as per their own beliefs. The Hmong in general also demonstrate aspirational capital because of their determination to not run away during a fight and to defend themselves, not allowing another culture to take over. The Lees also value family capital through cultural and familial traditions, such as birthing practices and txiv neeb rituals.

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The Hmong obtained aspirational capital through the struggles of not having resources available to them in the US. While being put in an unfair position at times like when Lia was taken from her family, the Hmong still protect and nurture their culture's traditions and beliefs. Their hope is to continue their deep-rooted history as a group despite another country trying to exude power over them, even if that means taking on more struggles along the way.

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The Hmong have aspirational capital because they always persist to try and live through history and even more presently they have done their best to create a life even in a scary new world. I would say that they have familial capital they have kept their traditions and sense of deep family and community bonds. I would also say that they have navigational capital despite some of their failers in this they for the most part concurred an entirely foreign world.

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The Hmong have resistance capital as seen through their strong adherence to tradition despite historically being uprooted and forced into relocate allowing them to utilize tradition without assimilation. Similarly, the Hmong have strong navigational capital due to their historical emigration and maneuvering through varying social institutions. Lastly the Hmong bring strong familial capital through their large familial units and community.

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The Hmong have linguistic capital because they can speak a different language than we can and therefore can speak to a whole different group of people than we can. Similar to how we communicate within our own culture and may struggle to communicate with those outside of our own culture, the Hmong have that same kind of linguistic capital in their own culture.
The Hmong have social capital because they can relate to a group of people that not many others in the world can relate to, and that is there own. This gives them a different view of the world than many others and also allows them the opportunity to bring their way of life to others if at some point they want to integrate Hmong culture.

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The Hmong have familial capital because their family ties are important to them (large families, family traditions, importance of maternal affection). The Hmong have resistant capital because they stayed true to their beliefs of traditional healing when faced with the pushing of western medication onto them by the doctors at Merced.

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Hmong in Yosso's Framework - Katrina Ortiz

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Hmong in Yosso's Framework - Katrina Ortiz

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The Hmong have familial capital because of the ways in which they place the family at the core of society.  This is seen in their birthing practices, the setup of the Hmong villages and huts, and their interactions with healthcare providers and childcare services, especially in Lia and Foua's situations.

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The Hmong have a lot of familial capital in their strong family ties and traditions that preserve their culture. We read often how all of the Lee’s relatives looked out for one another and participated in things like the ceremony to get Lia’s soul back. The Lees had a lot of aspirational capital, because despite al the setbacks and what the doctors told them, they always maintain hope Lia could get better. Lastly, the Lees definitely had resistance capital ingrained in them from the Hmong culture and history of resisting various groups in conflicts—they were determined to do what they thought was best for Lia regardless of whether they went the against doctors.

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The Hmong have linguistic capital because they are well-rounded in their communications experiences. They relay the unique stories from generation to generation.They also have familial capital because they carry on strong traditions and cultural intuition. They protect their people without hesitation. In addition, they follow their culture's health care visions, whether it puts them in danger or not.

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The Hmong people would have familial capital because of their tightly knit family units. The book talks a lot about how this culture constantly has family that is bonded to the extreme, and that their culture revolves around family. This is also evident with Lia and her parents and her medical treatments -- they are so close that they are constantly rethinking what her doctors tell her to do, constantly being the ones to decide what is best for her.

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1. Aspirational: despite the present hardships, the Hmong family was still able to be future-focused
3. Familial: as seen as through their strong family ties, especially when sick
4. Social: respect and support from others, learning from others

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The Hmong have great social capital because they are so close with each other. By remaining close to each other, the Hmong have family traditions that help to maintain a strong bond. The social capital can be both positive and negative based on which group of people are being communicated with. The social capital amongst themselves is positive because they are very connected with each other. The social capital aspect can be different because it can be challenging to communicate with others.