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The first major revolution in Iran's history, which the ruling Qajars to accept a constitution. It created a parliament, imposed limits on the king, made Shia Islam the official state religion while also protecting minorities. This ultimately failed for two main reasons, the Shah was strongly against it, the Russians and British worked very hard to keep Persia and the region weak.

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The discovery of oil in the middle east caused rivalries between European countries to heat up. The Anglo Iranian Oil Company was established by the British

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The British supported the change in dynasty in Iran by supporting the coup of military commander Reza Khan in February 1921

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Reza Shah renounced his throne and his son, Muhammed Reza Shah, became leader until 1979

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The British started allowing greater popular participation in the government of Iran, which greatly benefited Irans communist party (Tudeh).

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Mohammed Mosaddegh was elected prime minister and nationalized Irans oil. That was the end of Irans democratic experience

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Some history books say that the CIA and the British tried to stage a coup to remove Mohammed Mosaddegh from office, however, he quit after demonstrations against him that were supported by the Shia clergy

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Iran saw great improvements by economic and social measures.

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The shah tried to institute the "White Revolution", modernization led by the monarchy and was successful at improving industry and education.
Oil revenues grew from $555 million in 1964 to $20 Billion in 1976
A lot of the money was reinvested into education and infrastructure, child mortality rates dropped and a new professional middle class arose.

The revolution wasn't a good thing in everyone's mind, for example, the Shia Cleric Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini, who complained about the rights that the revolution would grant to women.

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The Shah got rid of Irans two political parties and replaced them with the Resurgence.
This party brought along with it censorship, arrests and torture of political prisoners

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A newspaper article was published on January 8th, 1978 which was critical of Khomeini.
Protests were small at first, but due to the reaction of the police (who shot and killed multiple protestors) the protests started getting larger.

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Mosts historians argue that the revolution began due to the discontent of Iranian citizens over living conditions and economic threats fused with the discontent for the regime

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The Shah was an autocrat who employed two ruthless police services (the SAVAK) to stifle dissent. He left Iran on January 16th and ended up in the US which created unfortunate consequences for the diplomatic relationship between the US and Iran.

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Despite what some people believed, Iran was not a democracy, while people COULD vote, however, the ultimate authority in the country was not the will of the people, but the will of God who is represented by the religious leader. Most of the decisions made by this religious leader do not represent democracy.

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By October, Khomeini had been given extensive power under the new constitution.

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The Islamic Republic of Iran is formed.
To this day, the republic is still very repressive.

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The green revolution, lead by reformist Shia clerics, was a revolution that occurred after Iranian elections. This revolution included a lot of young people demanding more rights and liberties.