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Prioritizing the common spaces and the community of families living here, the building was designed as a typical Danish block, surrounding a large common green garden.

The outer perimeter of the block towards the forest is relatively closed-off with the facade and the roof clad in identical material, whereas the building towards the garden appears light and open.

Every housing unit has access to the shared garden space, and terraces along the facades offer a convenient platform for bringing life from the homes into the common space.

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Prioritizing the common spaces and the community of families living here, the building was designed as a typical Danish block, surrounding a large common green garden. The outer perimeter of the block towards the forest is relatively closed-off with the facade and the roof clad in identical material, whereas the building towards the garden appears light and open.

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Initiated by us, the Vindmøllebakken co-living project is raised on our old office grounds. It is constructed entirely out of wood. Privately owned apartments are built around 500m2 shared space with different programs and a spacious indoor courtyard. Located in the centre of movement, the double height living room becomes the beating heart of the breathing, all-wooden complex.

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Initiated by us, the Vindmøllebakken co-living project is raised on our old office grounds. It is constructed entirely out of wood. Privately owned apartments are built around 500m2 shared space with different programs and a spacious indoor courtyard. Located in the centre of movement, the double height living room becomes the beating heart of the breathing, all-wooden complex.

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Malta Housing · Finnish Architecture Navigator

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Malta is a co-housing owner-occupied development commissioned by its residents. The architect has done a fine job at reconciling the various needs of the residents, their ambitious philosophy of shared living, and a strict budget. All 61 flats were co-designed with the residents catering to their specific wishes.

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Marmalade Lane co-housing, Mole architects, Uk

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Marmalade Lane co-housing, Mole architects, Uk

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Scheme for 40 houses for Cambridge Co-Housing group K1, designed around communal Common Ground

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Helsingin Arabianrannassa sijaitseva asunto-osakeyhtiö Helsingin Loppukiri on Aktiiviset seniorit ry:n jäsenilleen rakennuttama yhteisöllinen asuintalo, joka tarjoaa seniori-ikäisille uudenlaisen naapuriapuun perustuvan asumismuodon. Loppukirin asukaslähtöisen suunnittelun erityispiirre oli "myötäsuunnittelu" -käytäntö. Tuleville asukkaille tarjottiin asunnoista 2-4 erilaista variaatiota, joissa huoneiden lukumäärä ja koko sekä keittiöiden sijainti vaihtelivat talotekniikan ja huoneistojen väliseinien asettamien reunaehtojen sisällä.

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Malta is a co-housing owner-occupied development commissioned by its residents. The architect has done a fine job at reconciling the various needs of the residents, their ambitious philosophy of shared living, and a strict budget. All 61 flats were co-designed with the residents catering to their specific wishes.

The exterior resembles a giant game of Tetris. The front façade is a regular grid punctuated by a vertical stripe of red and a cluster of balconies, while the projecting elements in the yard push out boldly from the main volume. The red highlights on the north-east façade accentuate the Tetris effect.

The building's collective identity is underlined in the co-funded communal kitchen, living room, sauna, relaxation area with fireplace, recreational facilities and the rooftop greenhouse. The flexibly designed interiors allow residents to adapt the space to serve changing needs.

Source: Finnish Architecture Biennial Review 2016 catalogue

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Malta Housing · Finnish Architecture Navigator

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Malta is a co-housing owner-occupied development commissioned by its residents. The architect has done a fine job at reconciling the various needs of the residents, their ambitious philosophy of shared living, and a strict budget. All 61 flats were co-designed with the residents catering to their specific wishes.

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Lucien Kroll- MEME co-created student housing

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Lucien Kroll- MEME co-created student housing

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From the air, the (ex-) rural Belgian landscape looks like a carpet studded with a fine pattern of suburban houses. Their infinite and idiosyncratic variations on the theme of individual living reflect a variety without difference. Not expecting much, I glance through the airline's in-flight magazine handed out by the hostess. An article on the new museum in Brussels dedicated to Magritte closes with the image of a painting that I don't recognise. Yet it seems familiar: standing out against a Magrittesque sky are buildings (the suburban architectures of so many of his paintings) piled on top of each other in apparent disorder, similar in design but with subtle variations in the shades of colour and scale. The title is not given, but the caption wonders: "A comment on Belgian architecture?" A mental short circuit sparks a connection between Magritte's invention and a photo of the MéMé, the building I am about to visit. The cross-references between these images are notable, but conceptually the gap is wide. Magritte's painting embodies the possibility of a new figure, though it does not take shape; instead we get a mixture of juxtaposed but unrelated elements. The heterogeneous image of the MéMé, on the other hand, according to its architect Lucien Kroll, is the fruit of an assemblage by empathy of its diverse parts. An open process becomes the motivation for its form and complexity. This can't be reduced simply to the production of an architectural object or even to an aesthetic, but is if anything the prototype of a radical overturning of architecture. The MéMé would thus be a manifesto- building: recognised as an "icon of democratic architecture", it consecrated Kroll as the champion of participatory architecture. Its role, however, is not confined to the albeit relevant sphere of participation. An object of cult worship and fierce attacks, the building in the Woluwe- Saint-Lambert campus is a destabilising feature of 20th-century architecture. And as a veritable objet bouleversant, it reveals surprising analogies with practices more likely to occur in contemporary art.

L'invention collective
Participation is a complex matter, as Giancarlo De Carlo reminded us when he pointed out that the communicative attitude of architecture is potentially available to all. Communication through architecture is an eminently political act, Kroll maintains: the architect is the catalyst of a creative process and social dynamic, in respect to which they make their knowledge available for the translation of interpersonal relationships into a suitable space. The participatory process therefore has to be set in motion; or at least, architects must step out of themselves and put themselves in the shoes of future residents. Architecture must be saved from the architect's exclusive dominion, and redirected towards participation, with "an action open to new necessities and to decisions that are always provisional and incomplete". In short, an architecture-process (defined by Kroll as Incrementalism) occurs which is not all that different to Process Art. From 1966-'67, that movement had in fact rejected all seriality to highlight the process of the work's construction and its evolution in time, with the aid of assorted natural and industrial materials. The ramifications of that Process Art reached as far as Joseph Beuys, whose biography, along with his ecological commitment, contains an event curiously shared by that of Kroll. Almost simultaneously in fact, in 1972, Beuys was dismissed from his post as professor at the Düsseldorf Academy for having supported the occupation of the school by its students, while UCL (Université Catholique de Louvain) prevented the Belgian architect from completing his design of the campus, due to cultural incompatibility. Between 1970 and '72 the UCL's Social Zone was a theatre of experimentation, research and options, later explored by Kroll as he turned increasingly to an overview of living. Here the scale and complexity of the brief enabled him to envisage an action whose outcome would reach beyond the architectural object to an intricate dynamic entity. "Like a spongy living tissue", it is defined in a continuous exchange with its surroundings. In this light, the circulation layout assumes a crucial role. On the micro-urbanistic scale, a network of access points meticulously subverts the plan with the reduction of a sixlane highway to a minor connecting road. A decade later, the same logic of permeability underlies the Alma subway extension, for the only opensky station in Brussels, to a project by Kroll himself. But above all it is on the scale of the building that the logic of a continuous flow is to be seen, in a result somewhere between Escher and Piranesi: in the MéMé "everything communicates and opens, each element sees and can understand and meet the other. The floor slabs are open between one level and the next, the walls are cut out, the skylights are transparent everywhere, and the balconies are visible to one another. There are numerous entries, so people can come from anywhere, from the cellars to the attics and terrace staircases, from the walkways". This allows even what are often cumbersome restraints, such as fire escapes, to be dealt with in different ways. There is clearly a tribute here to the concept of community living and to a "transparent" society closely allied to the ideas of those years. However, the Maison Médicale also includes "opaque" zones, for "regular" accommodation: different but mitigated in the construction of a collective design - not the same thing as the "new subjectivism" which produces mass personalisations, hyperrequested by the market.

Le grand jeu
A highly original methodology is devised by stimulating an intuitive and spontaneous knowledge, "a game with a direct impact on reality". This enables a historical stratification of the work to be recreated in vitro, starting from a rejection of canonical unities (function, language, time). But what language? If after the modern, regularity and symmetry conveyed nothing but a sense of unnatural order, one might as well turn to "situationist" practices in architecture too: to consider the first element at random (as from a pack of playing cards); noting where it stands in the configuration and where its specific characteristics reside, so as to fit it into a general context without destroying or reducing it to an abstraction. A mosaic is thus completed, where the sign's motivation is aleatory. All this, in the case of the MéMé, is translated into the much discussed elevation with its mixture of windows and wood, aluminium and iron panels: a repertoire of constructional elements using the modular coordination of assorted elements. Here we have an extreme case of technologies explored for their creative scope, as an answer to much of the architecture of the same period which failed to achieve anything beyond bare prefabrication. "First of all classify the inhabited landscape within 'global' human knowledge, and then discuss the means of materialisation: everyone has something to contribute. Relations will also have to be reinvented with newly artistic techniques," remarked Lucien Kroll about his project for the French Pavilion at the 2006 Venice Biennale. One of these means of materialisation is certainly that of nature. The wild gardens planted on the artificial hillocks around the MéMé, under the pioneering guidance of Louis Le Roy, alluded to another open, autonomous and natural process, since nature contains every possible structure. The institution's fear of losing control over the process led to its botanical and other "normalisation", but did not wipe out every trace. Big trees today rise irregularly on the slopes, setting the measure of time past. It is not time that frightens this project, whose construction bears all the signs of its development, in a sort of preventive archaeology. But the years have witnessed a succession of incongruous and disrespectful alterations perpetrated by the university, which has never wanted to accept the value of this architecture. Paradoxically, the MéMé ought to be a listed "monument", not so much to freeze the process as to avoid its ruin. Like a haemostatic ligature, closed doors, blocked passages and unused walkways today obstruct the flow of life. Instead of imposing restraints, the legitimacy of decanting from one difference to another ought perhaps to be recognised: like the continuity in difference observed by Lucien Kroll precisely in the fragmented landscape of Belgium. Raffaella Poletti

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A visit to the MéMé 40 years on. An icon of participatory architecture, this generous, open and intentionally incomplete complex has always been resisted by the institutions.

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スマートエネルギーハウス

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スマートエネルギーネットワーク

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家庭用コージェネレーションシステム

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大阪ガスならではの新技術の研究開発および実用化をご紹介します 。

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SOM Tenaya Towers- student towers California

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SOM Tenaya Towers- student towers California

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Board-marked concrete, cement plaster and glass form the facades of two student dormitories that Skidmore, Owings & Merrill has created for an expansive housing development at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

The Tenaya Towers are part of a larger development at the central Californian university that was masterplanned by SOM, a multidisciplinary firm with offices around the globe.

Called San Joaquin Villages, the development provides housing for over 1,000 students on a 19.2-acre (7.8-hectare) site on the northern edge of the coastal campus. Over 24,000 students are enrolled at UCSB, one of 10 institutions in the University of California system.

Divided into three precincts - or villages - the development features numerous residential buildings, including a cluster designed by Los Angeles-based LOHA. Woven into the site are gardens, plazas and pathways for pedestrians and cyclists.

The SOM-designed Tenaya Towers consist of two parallel buildings that frame an outdoor zone with grassy patches, volleyball courts and bike parking. This central area also features a freestanding pavilion that contains a study lounge and recreation room.

Board-formed concrete, cement plaster and glass comprise the facades for the six-storey apartment blocks. Solar heat gain is reduced via a patchwork of perforated screens made fibreglass resin.

"Additional screens on operable windows in bedrooms and study lounges provide shading and act as guardrails for each unit," the team said in a project description.

San Joaquin Student Housing complex by LOHA makes the most of coastal climate

Within each tower, the architects incorporated study areas and recreation rooms, most of which are centrally located. The two towers contain 65 apartments in total, with open-air stairwells and exterior corridors providing access to the units.

Every apartment offers a kitchen, a combined dining-living space, three bedrooms and two bathrooms. The sleeping areas are located in the rear of the units, tucked away from the circulation paths and outdoor activity. Interior finishes include carpet, ceramic tile, painted plaster and wood.

Environmental responsibility was a key concern for the design team. In addition to daylight and natural ventilation, the project's sustainable elements include low-flow plumbing fixtures, rooftop solar water collectors, and low-VOC materials. Moreover, the landscaping features drought-tolerant vegetation, along with planters and bioswales that help manage stormwater.

"Municipally supplied, reclaimed water is used for irrigation and toilet flushing, saving over 100,000 gallons of potable water each month," the team said.

Other buildings that make up the San Joaquin Villages development include a residential complex by Kevin Daly Architects and a dining facility by by Kieran Timberlake.

Photography is by Bruce Damonte.
Project credits:
Architect: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
Design team: Craig Hartman, design partner; Carrie Byles, managing partner; Keith Boswell, technical partner; Mark Sarkisian, structural partner; Michael Mann, managing director; Eric Long, structural director; Kye Archuleta, project manager; Masis Mesropian, senior design architect; Tahmores Zandi, senior technical coordinator
Contractor: Harper Construction; Morley Builders Inc
Landscape: TLS Landscape Architecture
MEP: BuroHappold Engineering
Civil engineering (schematic design): Sherwood Design Engineers
Structural engineering: Nabih Youssef & Associates
Acoustics: Newson Brown Acoustics LLC
Lighting: Horton Lees Brogden Lighting Design
Fire life safety: Jensen Hughes, Inc
LEED: BuroHappold Engineering
Food service: Webb Foodservice Design
IT and low voltage: PlanNet
Signage and wayfinding: Gerald Stamm Design
Cost estimating: CP O'Halloran Associates, Inc

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SOM designs Tenaya Towers for California university student housing

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Board-marked concrete, cement plaster and glass form the facades of two student dormitories that Skidmore, Owings & Merrill has created for an expansive housing development at the University of California, Santa Barbara. The Tenaya Towers are part of a larger development at the central Californian university that was masterplanned by SOM, a multidisciplinary firm with offices around the globe.

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Orestad retirement home by JJW Architects in Copenhagem

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Orestad retirement home by JJW Architects in Copenhagem

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Ørestad plejecenter

At bygge et nyt plejecenter i en helt ny bydel er en mangeartet opgave: Navnlig når der er tale om den nye bydel Ørestad Syd, med den gode ambition om at bygge en levende, forskelligartet og bæredygtig bydel, med plads og rum til høj og lav - ung og gammel.

Da plejecenteret er iblandt de første byggerier i den nye bydel, er det vigtigt, at vi allerede nu understøtter drømmen om en levende karreby, med varierede urbane gaderum og indbydende "hemmelighedsfulde" verdener i de frodige gårdhaver. Vi skal som medspillere i dannelsen af den nye bydel tage ansvar og udvikle indbydende huse, der integrerer sig i byens liv og deler funktioner med denne, i stedet for blot at tænke bylivet til grundgrænsen.

Vi har placeret den nye plejecenterbygning på grunden umiddelbart vest for Vestamager Metrostation, for på den måde at koble plejecenteret på et bæredygtigt transportnet. Denne stationsnære placering vil have stor betydning dels for plejecenterets personale, der kan komme på arbejde uden at sidde i bilkø, dels for beboerne, idet det bliver meget lettere for bekendte og familie at komme på besøg - også selvom man er dårligt gående.

Plejecenteret ligger tæt på Amagerfælled, Øresund v. Amager Strandpark og Øresundsforbindelsen, alle oplagte udflugtsmål for beboere, også i følge med pårørende.

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At bygge et nyt plejecenter i en helt ny bydel er en mangeartet opgave: Navnlig når der er tale om den nye bydel Ørestad Syd, med den gode ambition om at bygge en levende, forskelligartet og bæredygtig bydel, med plads og rum til høj og lav - ung og gammel.

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Some assembly required for this vision of future urban living. Known for simple, well-designed, flat-pack furniture, IKEA is proposing expanding their DIY-model to a much larger scale: entire city centers. Democratic Design Days is an annual event where IKEA introduces its upcoming brands and collaborations, this year featuring The Urban Village Project, a collaboration between SPACE10 and EFFEKT Architects. After two years of research, SPACE10 ( IKEA 's global research and design lab) is releasing their vision to the public for a new way to design, build, and share our homes, neighborhoods, and cities.

In light of the growing housing and environmental crises facing the human population, the project aims to create more livable, sustainable, and affordable homes to address the new and upcoming urban challenges we'll have to face. Rapid urbanization, an aging population, social isolation, climate change, and a lack of affordable housing all point to a need to rethink our approach to cities and urban life.

With an overarching goal of improving our quality of life, The Urban Village Project includes a multi-faceted approach. Shared living communities provide a variety of options for different types of families and living situations: from a single person, to a group of roommates, to multi-generational families, the housing is designed to be adaptable within a modular building system.

Taking the trademark IKEA route of prefabricated, flat-packed kits, the homes are even designed to be disassembled for future reuse and recycling. Using a sustainable and CO2-reducing method of construction, the buildings will also utilize cross-laminated timber for its environmental and structural performance. These high-quality homes would have access to shared services and facilities, as well as a digital interface for day-to-day management.

"Urban Villages is based on a modular building system which allows us to configure a wide range of different housing typologies for different urban settings. The system is designed for disassembly, unlocking a truly circular material loop where building components and materials can be reused and replaced rather than wasted. This could be a game changer for the building industry." says Sinus Lynge, partner, EFFEKT Architects

Not only is the design and building of cities being reimagined, but also the financing and development of how cities are formed. To create a lower entry point into the housing market, The Urban Village Project will seek to partner with long-term investors to finance construction. Community land trusts and a cooperative housing system would also encourage the entry of cheaper homes onto the market and secure community interests.
EFFEKT Architects:
EFFEKT is a research-based, multidisciplinary architecture and planning studio. Their aim is to create a lasting social, economic and environmental effect ensuring societal value in a local, regional and global context.
Norgram Studio:
Norgram Studio is the Design Director duo of internationally recognized and awarded designers Sebastian Gram & Mathias Høst Normark. Norgram is the design studio behind the digital layer.
SPACE10 is IKEA's global research and design lab. SPACE10 is on a mission to respond to the major societal changes expected to affect people and our planet in the years to come; alongside that, we're here to inspire IKEA to find new ways of living up to their original promise of creating a better everyday life for the many people.
Flexible subscription-based services, on top of a base monthly rate for essentials, allow for better deals on daily needs; each month, residents would also have the option to buy "shares" of real estate. This incremental approach makes homeownership more accessible while also creating a chance to make money in the future as owners progressively gain equity and property values increase.

Today we're in the middle of a global housing crisis with a seemingly unattainable number of affordable housing units in demand. 1.5 million people move to cities every week, meaning in just over ten years, 1.6 billion people are projected to lack affordable, secure housing. Existing metropolitan areas are also running out of space - approximately 40% of the area that will need to urbanize by 2050 does not yet exist, giving a blank canvas for us to determine the future of urban life.

SPACE10 researched and explored the idea of shared living for two years. Together with EFFEKT Architects and IKEA, SPACE10 have condensed those insights into a concrete concept and vision on which they now ask the world to give feedback.

You can explore the concept of The Urban Village Project here: www.urbanvillageproject.com

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IKEA Explores Future Urban Living for the Many

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At this year's Democatic Design Days, IKEA announced its collaboration between SPACE10 and EFFEKT Architects, The Urban Village Project.

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Text description provided by the architects. The residential and commercial complex with integrated tram depot stands at a prominent point marking the boundary between two city districts. It combines residential, service and commercial uses in an identity-lending, large but compact form.

A cascade of access points links indoors and outdoors, walkable roofs and a courtyard above the tram depot. The building complex contains 88 flats, "joker spaces" that can be added on, various communal areas as well as cultural, catering, retail and service premises for 256 residents and providing 200 jobs. Kalkbreite hence offers new and flexible forms of living and working, serving as a model for cooperative living in the city.

The complex was built according to the energy and ecology targets of the 2000-watt society and meets the Minergie-P-Eco standard. The seven-storey building is a hybrid construction with a façade of prefabricated wood elements. The plaster walls of the polygonal perimeter block development dazzle in colours ranging from orange to turquoise.

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Text description provided by the architects. The residential and commercial complex with integrated tram depot stands at a prominent point marking the boundary between two city districts. It combines residential, service and commercial uses in an identity-lending, large but compact form. A cascade of access points links indoors and outdoors, walkable roofs and a courtyard above the tram depot.

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A 35,000-square-metre eco-village is going to be built in Copenhagen using recycled concrete, wood and glass.

Architecture studios Lendager Group and Årstiderne Arkitekter won a competition to design the UN17 Village, a housing development set to provide 400 new homes in Ørestad South, a district to the south of the Danish capital.

Their proposal is to create "the first building project in the world" to address all of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with particular focus on using sustainable resources and creating healthy, social communities.

"With the UN17 Village, we wanted to create not only an iconic and sustainable building from recycled materials, but also the opportunity for a sustainable lifestyle," said Anders Lendager, founder of Lendager Group.

"So far, the focus for sustainable buildings has mainly been on their carbon emissions," he explained. "Not only did we want to create an iconic building made from recycled materials, but also an opportunity for a sustainable lifestyle".

"UN17 Village therefore looks at the whole lifecycle of the building - including material use, health, and quality of life."

The design team was selected ahead of big-name studios including BIG and Henning Larsen, in a competition run by property developer NREP.

The proposal comprises five housing blocks built from recycled concrete and wood, as well as upcycled windows.

The structures will rely solely on sustainable energy. Each will be topped with a rooftop garden, to encourage biodiversity, and will also feature rainwater collection facilities capable of recycling 1.5 million litres of water every year.

There will be 37 different housing typologies, with a mix family dwellings, co-living spaces and senior accommodation. They will create homes for up to 800 people, as well as an estimated 100 job opportunities.

To further this, 3,000 square-metres of the complex is dedicated to communal spaces for use by both the residents and the people of Ørestad.

Lendager said the aim is to reduce inequality, by creating "a diverse and strong neighbourhood, where people can live regardless of family structure and age".

Other facilities will include a conference centre that hosts sustainability-focused events, an organic restaurant, greenhouses and food-sharing facilities, to encourage people to grow their own food and reduce waste.

The architects hope the scheme will set a precedent for the rest of the world, forming a sustainable building model that can be applied at any scale. According to Lendager, the project will address all 17 of the UN's SDGs.

"We have developed a scalable process that brings all the SDGs into focus. By translating these into solutions, we have created a tool that everyone in the industry can implement," he added.

The Ørestad South district of Copenhagen has been in development for the past 25 years. Other well-known projects in the areas include the award-winning 8 House by BIG and Street Hall Ørestad, a wooden sports centre by NORD Architects.

Visuals are by TMRW.
Project credits:
Contributing architects: Lendager Group, Årstiderne Arkitekter
Project leader: Philip Rufus Knauf
Client: NREP
Engineering: Moe and Arup
Project team: Jacob Blak, Sophie Daugaard Andersen, Majken Lynge Gribskjold, Kristian Knorr Jensen, Stephanie Levassor, Agata Marzec, Nicholas Ransome, Daniel Veenboer

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UN17 Village to be built in Copenhagen with recycled materials

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Lendager Group and Årstiderne Arkitekter will build a 35,000-square-metre eco-village in Copenhagen, called UN17 Village, using recycled materials

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Open Building (adaptability) - Ian Kilpatrick book chapter

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Open Building (adaptability) - Ian Kilpatrick book chapter

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https://iankilpatrick.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/3/9/23390004/kilpatrick_book_portion.pdf

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Innerstädtisches Wohnen im Holzsystembau

Kann ein fünfgeschossiges Wohnhaus für 13 Parteien mitten in der Innenstadt aus Holz gebaut, individuellen Wünschen angepasst und gleichzeitig vorgefertigt sein - und dabei auch aussehen wie ein Holzbau? Und könnte man aus diesem Prototyp nicht ein Bausystem entwickeln, das auch in anderen Baulücken, als Punkthaus oder Zeilenbau funktioniert? Die Architekten des Instituts für urbanen Holzbau (IfuH) nutzten das Baugruppenprojekt 3XGrün in Berlin-Pankow, um diesen Fragen auf den Grund zu gehen.

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Ziel der Architektenpartnerschaft, die aus der Forschungsinitiative Fertighauscity5+ an der TU Braunschweig hervorging, war es, ein Holzbausystem zu entwickeln, das die Vorteile der Vorfertigung wie Zeitersparnis und flexible Produktion nicht nur für Einfamilienhäuser, sondern auch für innerstädtische Mehrfamilienhäuser nutzt. Baurechtlich ist dies inzwischen möglich. Die Landesbauordnungen erlauben Wohngebäude der Gebäudeklasse 4 aus Holz. Das heißt, die Fußbodenoberkante der obersten Nutzebene darf maximal 13 Meter über der Geländekante liegen. Damit lassen sich bis zu fünf Geschosse erreichen.

Zurückhaltend reiht sich die vordere Fassade in das gründerzeitliche Straßenbild ein. Sie ist mit anthrazitgrauen Faserzementplatten verkleidet, die Erdgeschosszone hebt sich durch eine Lärchenholzschalung ab. Statt eines geneigten Daches sitzt ein hölzerner Dachaufbau auf der gemeinsamen Dachterrasse in Traufhöhe. Prägendes Element der Straßenfassade sind schmale Balkone, die über die gesamte Breite des auf zwei zusammengelegten Grundstücken errichteten Gebäudes verlaufen. Dadurch fällt erst auf den zweiten Blick auf, dass Größe und Position der großen, raumhohen Fensteröffnungen variieren. Auf der Gartenseite darf es ungeordneter zugehen. Der mittlere Teil des Gebäudes springt hier aus der Häuserflucht hervor und schafft so mehr Tiefe für die Wohnungen. Das durchgehende Balkonband fehlt. Dafür kragen einzelne, großzügige, 2,00 Meter tiefe Balkone an unterschiedlichen Stellen aus. Die auch hier verspringenden Fenster treten deutlicher in Erscheinung. Die Wohnungen im Erdgeschoss besitzen einen direkten Zugang über Holzterrassen zum gemeinschaftlich genutzten Garten.

Von der Straße aus gelangt man in ein Foyer, das die etwa 50-köpfige Bauherrengemeinschaft auch für Besprechungen und Feste nutzt. Die beiden außen liegenden Maisonettewohnungen sind direkt von der Straße aus über den schmalen Vorgarten zugänglich. Die übrigen vier Maisonette- und sieben Etagenwohnungen erreichen die Bewohner über die beiden innen liegenden Treppenhäuser. Jede der zwischen 100 und 200 Quadratmeter großen Wohnungen besitzt einen individuellen Grundriss entsprechend den Wünschen der jeweiligen Bauherren.

Brandschutz
Die Holzkonstruktion ist ein kombinierter Skelett- und Holztafelbau. Brandwände, Keller und Erdgeschoss sowie die Treppenhäuser bestehen jedoch aus Stahlbeton. Wegen aufwendiger Schutzmaßnahmen gegen Feuer und Anprall wäre hier eine Ausführung in Holz unwirtschaftlich gewesen. Außerdem dienen die Betonelemente zur Aussteifung und als Auflager für die längs zur Fassade spannenden Deckenunterzüge.

Die Holzstützen bestehen aus Brettschichtholz, die Unterzüge aus Furnierschichtholz. Die 189 mm dicken massiven Deckenplatten aus Brettsperrholz sind im Mittel 3,00 x 6,00 m groß und bündig mit den Unterzügen verschraubt. Dadurch ist eine durchgehende Untersicht der Holzdecke möglich. Aufgrund der geringen Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Holz kann die Decke über die Außenwand hinaus durchlaufen, ohne dass eine Wärmebrücke entsteht, und dort Balkone realisiert werden. Die technischen Installationen verlaufen oberhalb der Decke, in einer 6 cm hohen Splittschüttung, die auch die für den Schallschutz wichtige Masse liefert. Die Holzstützen liegen in den Trockenbauwänden und in der Fassade verborgen. Die Fassade selbst besteht aus 36 cm starken Holzrahmen- und großformatigen Fensterelementen. Alle Holzbauteile wurden vorgefertigt. Um auf die unterschiedlichen Wünsche der Baugruppenmitglieder einzugehen, nutzten die Architekten die dabei inzwischen mögliche flexible Gestaltung der einzelnen Bauteile.

Ein objektbezogenes Brandschutzgutachten ermöglichte eine enorme Vereinfachung sowohl der Konstruktion als auch des Brandschutzes gegenüber sonst üblicher Standardlösungen. Dadurch konnten die Architekten ihr Ziel, möglichst viele konstruktive Elemente aus Holz herzustellen und diese sichtbar zu belassen, an vielen Stellen umsetzen. In Abweichung von der Musterholzbaurichtlinie konnten die Deckenunterseiten holzsichtig bleiben. Dazu mussten sie lediglich mit einer transparenten B1-Beschichtung versehen werden. Auch die Kapselklasse der Außenwände wurde von K60 auf K30 herabgesetzt. Dadurch, dass die Balkonbänder auf der Straßenseite als Brandschürzen wirken, konnte die Außenwand des Erdgeschosses mit einer Holzschalung verkleidet werden.

Bautafel

Architekten: IfuH - Institut für urbanen Holzbau, Berlin/Darmstadt; Atelier PK, Berlin; Roedig Schop Architekten, Berlin; Rozynski Sturm Architekten, Berlin
Projektbeteiligte: IFB Frohloff Staffa Kühl Ecker (Tragwerksplanung); Dehne Kruse Brandschutzingenieure, Gifhorn (Brandschutz); HTP Pagenkopf, Berlin (Haustechnik); A-Z Holzbau Zimmerei, Berlin (Holzbau); Finnforest Merk, Aichach (Systemhersteller Holz)
Bauherr: Baugruppe 3XGrün
Standort: Görschstraße 48/49, 13187 Berlin
Fertigstellung: 2011
Bildnachweis: IfuH, Berlin/Darmstadt; Fotos: Stefan Müller, Berlin

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Wohnhaus der Baugruppe 3XGrün in Berlin | Brandschutz | Wohnbauten | Baunetz_Wissen

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Innerstädtisches Wohnen im Holzsystembau Kann ein fünfgeschossiges Wohnhaus für 13 Parteien mitten in der Innenstadt aus Holz gebaut, individuellen Wünschen angepasst und gleichzeitig vorgefertigt sein - und dabei auch aussehen wie ein Holzbau? Und könnte man aus diesem Prototyp nicht ein Bausystem entwickeln, das auch in anderen Baulücken, als Punkthaus oder Zeilenbau funktioniert?

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Elderly Care Skärvet / Kjellander Sjöberg

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Elderly Care Skärvet / Kjellander Sjöberg

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Team: Sanna Taune, Andreas Nordström, Charlotte Fredriksson, Saki Azodi, Iselin Marie Johansen, Martin Kraft

Architects In Charge: Lena Viterstedt, Ola Kjellander

Text description provided by the architects. The elderly care is a part of the city block Skärvet, which is the starting point of Bäckaslöv, a new urban district in Växjö being developed along the railway connecting the city centre to the lake Norra Bergundasjön. The L- shaped building is the first phase and the cornerstone of the city block, offering mixed forms of tenure around a spacious, shared courtyard.

Common areas with good light conditions
The layout organisation is based on arranging all common and neutral areas into a central hub with individual departments located in each respective wing. The core of each department is its dining and living room, an open space reaching from façade to façade. Its large windows and tall ceiling heights provide great daylight conditions.

Spaces for social interaction
The common functions comprise an assembly hall, a conservatory, physiotherapy facility and a greenhouse on the rooftop with a view over the shared courtyard and the green recreation space.

Lively façades
The design and configuration are strongly linked to the construction process. The variation in the façade is rationally achieved by using more joints than façade elements and by combining four sections of different types of tile patterns. The overall design thus resembles a textile pattern or a crocheted table cloth. Entrances, windows and roofs are accentuated by copper-coloured metal sheets, adding warmer tones. The building is designed to achieve LEED Platinum certificate and Skanska's top level environmental classification.

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Elderly Care Skärvet / Kjellander Sjöberg

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Team: Sanna Taune, Andreas Nordström, Charlotte Fredriksson, Saki Azodi, Iselin Marie Johansen, Martin Kraft Architects In Charge: Lena Viterstedt, Ola Kjellander Text description provided by the architects. The elderly care is a part of the city block Skärvet, which is the starting point of Bäckaslöv, a new urban district in Växjö being developed along the railway connecting the city centre to the lake Norra Bergundasjön.

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Grace Kim: How cohousing can make us happier (and live longer)

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Loneliness doesn't always stem from being alone. For architect Grace Kim, loneliness is a function of how socially connected we feel to the people around us -- and it's often the result of the homes we live in.

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Bikuben College student hosuing- AART architects, DK

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Bikuben College student hosuing- AART architects, DK

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Die Lage ist idyllisch und "verzwickt" zugleich: Historische Industriebauten verströmen den Charme der Vergangenheit. Nischen am renaturierten Chriesbach bieten Naherholung, sowie dem Biber und Eisvogel ein Zuhause. Daneben die verkehrsreichen Strassen sowie der Bahnviadukt, sie bilden eine Lärmkulisse als wäre man mitten in der Stadt.

Ab 1840 fabrizierte hier die Spinnerei Zwicky Nähfaden und Webgarne, bis das Familienunternehmen die Produktion 2001 ins Ausland verlegte. Zurück blieben eine alte Fabrik und 24 Hektaren Land. Die Erbengemeinschaft Zwicky liess 2002 verlauten, auf dem Gelände solle ein Stadtteil nach dem Prinzip der gemischten Nutzung entstehen. Die historischen Fabrikbauten mit Kosthäusern, Villa und Gutsbetrieb sollten als Zeitzeugen erhalten bleiben. Inzwischen boomt die Region: In Opfikon, Wallisellen und Dübendorf werden bis 2030 zusätzliche 120'000 Bewohner_innen und 120'000 Arbeitsplätze erwartet. Die Agglomeration wird zur Glatttalstadt.

Schnell in der Stadt, schnell auf dem Land

Das Zwicky-Areal ist hervorragend erschlossen: Die Glatttalbahn-Linie 12 führt in zwei Minuten ins Glattzentrum, in vier Minuten zum S-Bahnhof Stettbach, von wo man das Zentrum von Zürich in einer Viertelstunde erreicht. Fernreisende gelangen an den Flughafen, ohne Umsteigen. Wer motorisiert unterwegs ist, ist in zwei Minuten auf die A1. Die Naherholungsräume Burenwald und Greifensee liegen in Velodistanz und die Ufer der Glatt sollen mit dem Projekt "Fil bleu" attraktiver werden. Auf den umliegenden Baufeldern entstanden weitere Wohnüberbauungen, mit Grossverteiler, Läden, Ateliers, Cafés oder Büros.

Partnerin für den anspruchsvollen Standort

Für die Areal-Entwicklung zog die Zwicky-Erbgemeinschaft Immobilienentwicklerin Senn und das Beratungsunternehmen Wüest & Partner bei. Rasch war klar, das Areal verlangte nach starken Ideen und Kraftwerk1 wurde angefragt. Die Genossenschaft hatte bereits Erfahrung mit anspruchsvollen Lagen: Der Standort der ersten Kraftwerk1-Siedlung "Hardturm" in Zürich West war damals zu Gründungszeiten keine besonders attraktive Lage. Viele konnten sich nicht vorstellen, dass dort ein lebenswerter Ort entstehen kann.

2009 wurde ein Studienauftrag mit fünf Teams veranstaltet; das Architekturbüro Schneider Studer Primas gewann das Projekt. Die geplanten Gebäude wurde aufgeteilt: Neben der Kraftwerk1-Siedlung ging ein Teil an Pensimo, ein Unternehmen, das für grosse Pensionskassen das Immobiliengeschäft führt. Ein weiteres ging an Swisslife. Kraftwerk1 besitzt drei der insgesamt sechs Häuser

Raffinierte Gebäude

Schneider Studer Primas reagierten auf die komplexen Rahmenbedingungen mit drei Gebäudetypen: "Scheibe", "Block" und "Halle". Die schmalen "Scheiben" mit langen Terrassen und Laubengängen stehen wie Lärmschutzwände in Richtung der lärmbelasteten Strassen. Sie erinnern in ihrer Erscheinung an Hotelbauten. Sie sind unterteilt in Locandazimmer, Zweizimmerwohnungen, Ateliers oder Familienmaisonetten und bilden einen Kranz um das Gelände. Darin stehen zwei massige "Blöcke", sie beherbergen Gewerbebetriebe und Wohnungen. Die "Hallen" sind als grosse zusammenhängende Flächen und an die "Scheiben" herangeschoben. Darin wird produziert, gelagert, ausgestellt und verkauft, oben darüber liegen Terrassen. Spannend sind die drei Typologien in ihrer Kombination: Die "Scheiben" schützen die "Blöcke" vor Lärm. Die Blöcke bringen Kompaktheit, Energieeffizienz und soziale Dichte in die Siedlung. Und die "Hallen" aktivieren die Erdgeschosse und bringen urbane Vielfalt in die Agglomeration.

Experimentell Wohnen

Vielfältige Wohnungstypen sorgen für eine soziale und altersmässige Durchmischung. In die Grosswohnungen flossen Erfahrungen aus den ersten beiden Kraftwerk1-Siedlungen ein: Die Wohnungen verfügen über einerseits normale Zimmer und andererseits über Clustereinheiten mit verschieden grossen und unterschiedlich ausgestatteten Individualbereichen. Einen Schwerpunkt bilden betreute Wohnformen. Kraftwerk1 stellt Wohnangebote für Menschen, die auf Betreuung angewiesen sind zur Verfügung und arbeitet unter anderem mit der Stiftung Altried zusammen. Zudem wird das Konzept von "Wohnen und Arbeiten" auch in dieser Siedlung verfolgt.

Lebendiges Erdgeschoss

Dass eine Wohnbaugenossenschaft Gewerberäume baut, ist noch nicht selbstverständlich. Im Zwicky-Areal ist dies jedoch zwingender Teil der Siedlungsidee: Das Gewerbe sorgt für Nahversorgung, Kultur und öffentliches Leben -Angebote, die in dieser Gegend grösstenteils fehlen. Etwa 3500 Quadratmeter Nutzfläche plus Lager stehen Gewerbebetrieben zur Verfügung. Ein vielfältiger Gewerbemix hat sich zum Werkplatz Zwicky zusammengeschlossen und trägt zur Belebung und Grundversorgung des Quartiers bei.

Nachhaltig bauen und leben

Die Überbauung ist nach Minergie-Eco erstellt worden; für den Energieverbrauch ist der Minergie-P-Standard massgebend. Die Wärme wird als Fernwärme mittels Wärmepumpe aus gereinigtem Abwasser bezogen (kalte Fernwärme). Den Strom für die Haushalte und das Gewerbe liefert Solarenergie. Umweltverträgliche, dauerhafte Baumaterialien kamen zum Einsatz, und es wurde möglichst wenig graue Energie verbraucht. Die Gesamtenergiebilanz erfüllt die Zielwerte der 2000-Watt-Gesellschaft. Der individuelle Flächenverbrauch pro Person ist zugunsten von Gemeinschaftsräumen reduziert und beträgt rund 34m2/Person. Die Siedlung ist "autoarm", den Bewohner_innen stehen Mobility-Autos zur Verfügung und es gibt eine grosszügige, zentrale Veloplattform.

Mitplanen und Weiterbauen

Bereits bei der Planung hat Kraftwerk1 künftige Mieter_innen miteinbezogen. An Konferenzen erarbeiteten und konkretisierten sie Ideen zu Nutzungen, Wohnformen, Ökologie oder Ausbaustandards. Dabei wurden Erfahrungen aus früheren Projekten genutzt. Gebaut wurde ein neues städtisches Quartier in Rohform: Gebäude und Aussenraum sind bewusst rau und roh, die Ausstattung minimal - die Bewohner_innen eignen sie sich an und beleben und begrünen sie.

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Die Lage ist idyllisch und "verzwickt" zugleich: Historische Industriebauten verströmen den Charme der Vergangenheit. Nischen am renaturierten Chriesbach bieten Naherholung, sowie dem Biber und Eisvogel ein Zuhause. Daneben die verkehrsreichen Strassen sowie der Bahnviadukt, sie bilden eine Lärmkulisse als wäre man mitten in der Stadt.

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CF Møller Architects has completed a halls of residence for a Danish university, which features large communal living spaces, an underground bicycle park and a "sky lounge" overlooking a wetland park (+ slideshow).

Called Campus Hall, the 13,700-square-metre complex comprises three interconnected 15-storey towers, containing 250 residences for the University of Southern Denmark in Odense.

Each of the three towers is constructed from custom-made grey bricks. They are joined at the centre, but angle away from each other to offer residents panoramic views of the campus and wetlands.

The Danish firm - which recently unveiled its plans for a group of floating classrooms in in Copenhagen harbour - said the design is "based on a strong community spirit".

CF Møller creates dune-inspired promenade and landscaping on Aalborg waterfront

"The building's distinctive shape will make it easily recognisable on the campus, and clearly advertises its distinct residential content."

Bedrooms are set against the outer facades so students can enjoy views out of the building without overlooking rooms in adjacent blocks.

Each room has its own private recessed balcony, offering a lure for potential residents, but also providing shade.

In each tower there are seven private rooms per floor, all with en-suite bathrooms. These surround communal kitchens and a living room set in the heart of the tower complex.

The kitchens feature glazed facades, ensuring natural light penetrates to the centre of the plan. This pattern is replicated from the first to the 12th floor.

Further common spaces include a ground floor cafe that sits alongside administration offices and a lobby, as well as study and party spaces on the top floors that open onto roof terraces.

"The shared areas are carefully graded from small and intimate communities to larger rooms for big occasions, to establish a balance between the common and the need for privacy," said the architects.

These shared facilities are typical of student housing, but the model is also rapidly being adopted by the adult rental market with co-living spaces popping up across major cities.

Gardens and volleyball courts surround the foot of the building, where the terrain slopes towards a wetland to the south of the site. This joins Cortex Park, a research and science facility designed by CF Møller for the university in 2009.

Students are encouraged to make use of public transport or to cycle. Every resident is provided with their own bike, which they can park in the building's basement.

CF Møller is also currently working on plans for Denmark's largest sewage-pumping station in Copenhagen and the world's tallest wooden skyscraper.

Its past projects include a quilted greenhouse dome that inflates to change light and temperature conditions and a red brick facility for the Danish Meat Research Institute.

Photography is by Torben Eskerod, unless otherwise stated.
Project credits:
Architect: CF Møller
Landscape architect: C F Møller Landscape
Engineer: Niras
Client: The A P Møller and Chastine Mc-Kinney Møller Foundation

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CF Møller Architects forms student housing from trio of towers

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CF Møller Architects has completed a halls of residence for a Danish university, which features large communal living spaces, an underground bicycle park and a "sky lounge" overlooking a wetland park (+ slideshow). Called Campus Hall, the 13,700-square-metre complex comprises three interconnected 15-storey towers, containing 250 residences for the University of Southern Denmark in Odense.

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The process of La Borda begins in 2012 in the framework of the campaign to reclaim the brown site of Can Batlló, where a group of neighbors decides to self-organize to solve collectively the need for access to housing. This small group started the implementation of a housing cooperative based on the right of use.
The cooperative of architects Lacol has been involved since the beginning of the promotion, driven by the motivation to build an alternative in a context of serious housing crisis in Barcelona. This engagement becomes an opportunity to rethink the production of popular housing, from the bottom-up and with the participation of future users.
This text describes those characteristics of the process of promotion of the housing cooperative La Borda that have marked the approach and development of the architectural project.

Characteristics of the promotion in the project
La Borda's commitment to a community model opposed to the more traditional public or private promotions has made it possible to overcome some major limitations that are imposed on architectural projects. In the public sector, the fear of the future user, which is totally unknown, makes it impossible to introduce changes that may affect the way of living standardized. In the case of the private developers, the logic of the market that impoverish housing are imposed to facilitate their assimilation to a consumer object.
The innovation of the development process has been key to work the architecture beyond its formalization. We identify five characteristics of this model that have a direct response in the project: self-promotion, right of use, community life, sustainability and affordability.

1 Self-Promotion
The members of the cooperative and future users are those who guide, control and develop the entire development process through an internal structure that fosters direct participation, using work commissions and a monthly general assembly. The cooperative only has the support of technical teams specialized in tasks that can not be assumed by their members.
The involvement of future users is one of the greatest singularities and potentialities for the development of the architectural project, since it is usually the great unknown in all collective housing projects, and it becomes the starting point of the project.
The exhaustive knowledge of the future inhabitant and his real needs has challenged the pre-established types of user patterns and the regulations regarding housing, to adapt any decision to the specific requirements of the cooperative.
The active participation of the user has been integrated in all phases: design, construction and management of the building. The future inhabitant participates in the collaborative design of the whole of the building through thematic workshops that allow taking advantage of the collective intelligence of the human group, and co-responsible the user of the decisions of the project. These processes increase awareness and training and stimulate the feeling of community and belonging.

2 Right of Use and Collective Ownership
The cooperative is the owner of the building, built on a site of public ownership, and assigns the right to use the housing to its members. In this model of alternative ownership opposed to private property, the value is put solely in the use of the house, and not in its exchange value in the market, to avoid speculative uses.
The fact of placing the value of use and the collective in the center has led us to think of the building as an open infrastructure where its own use is what ends up configuring the architecture in time, adapted to the evolution of the community and the changing needs of the users. The management of the building will be carried out by the same community.
The common infrastructure (support) is defined from a homogeneous matrix of domestic units (16 m²) that generates a non-hierarchical housing type that can be appropriated for each user through freely adopted decisions (components).

3 Community Life
La Borda wants to promote more community-friendly forms of coexistence that enhance the interrelation between the people living through community spaces, and establish cooperative links in the field of domestic work and care by making visible the private spheres of everyday life. The building of La Borda contemplates 25% of the surface constructed for common spaces, unlike conventional multifamily buildings where it is usually about 10% and where they are reduced to the traffic spaces to connect the street with the door of each housing. It has a communal kitchen of 80 m² where you can make large meals or become a meeting point, a multipurpose space covered with 100 m², two rooms for guests, a laundry room, a large central circulation space, bicycle parking, and outdoor terraces.
These community spaces have a triple function. On the one hand, provide the building with meeting spaces where the relationship between users and generate spaces in the middle of the public outdoor space and the most private space of the houses. Economize resources, making certain infrastructures not be multiplied by 28 homes, but can be centralized by improving economic and environmental sustainability. At the same time, it allows to increase the surface that can be used by all the members, who are able to enjoy with the same total surface and the same cost of many more spaces than in a conventional development.
This premise opens up the possibility of rethinking the collective housing program to adapt it to the life model imagined by future users. It breaks with the scheme of the building as a result of the sum of individual units, to understand it as a single shared house where the boundary between the private space and the community is blurred.

4 Sustainability
The cooperative prioritized making a building with minimal environmental impact, both in its construction and its lifetime. Another basic objective is to eliminate the possibility of energy poverty among its users, which some of them suffered due to the high cost of energy and lack of economic resources. The initial strategy of the project to reduce energy demand has been the optimization of the program, renouncing the underground car parking, grouping services and reducing the surface of the houses.
At the design level, the maximum bioclimatic parameters have been introduced to achieve a very passive building, with solutions that involve active action by users in the climate management of housing. The result is an almost zero energy consumption, and therefore, the comfort in the houses with the least associated cost.
The first action to significantly reduce the environmental impact of the building was to not conduct underground parking for cars. Only direct impacts on construction and use at 75 years will allow savings of between 500 and 800 tonnes of CO2. In addition, this strategy entails a direct benefit in sustainable mobility and in reducing the ecological footprint of the inhabitants.
The structure of six floors is done using Cross Laminated Timber wood (CLT). This is a lightweight, high quality, renewable material in the environment that allows closing cycles, unlike conventional construction materials such as steel or concrete, whose production has a very high energy cost and are not renewable. La Borda is currently the highest building constructed using wood structure in Spain.
With regard to the reduction of demand, on the one hand, the surfaces of homes that need high comfort have been reduced and transferred part of the community spaces where the demand associated with the comfort is more discretionary. The passive bioclimatic strategies have been developed to the fullest extent possible. Firstly, the patio covered with a greenhouse that allows to capture solar radiation in winter and have a chimney effect designed to force ventilation in the summer. The design also included a good tightness to the air of doors and windows, working with the inertia of the materials and an emphasis on the thermal insulation.
La Borda also has a centralized system for thermal generation for hot water and air conditioning by means of a biomass boiler, allowing optimization of the production infrastructure and improving performance and technology at the service of the entire building. At the same time it is possible to have an energy consumption without fossil and totally renewable materials.

5 Affordability
An indispensable condition of the cooperative is to guarantee access to decent and affordable housing to become an affordable alternative for low incomes. Financing difficulties mean that the cost of construction is a determining factor in establishing the value of the monthly fee.
We have responded by considering two phases of work to minimize the initial investment. The first one achieves the livable minimums that allow users to enter the building, and a later one where the community can complete the rest during time.
Also, the design of the building has incorporated low-tech solutions to incorporate processes of self-construction in concrete tasks of the completion of the work to reduce the overall cost of construction.

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Lacol, LLUC MIRALLES · La Borda, cooperative housing

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The process of La Borda begins in 2012 in the framework of the campaign to reclaim the brown site of Can Batlló, where a group of neighbors decides to self-organize to solve collectively the need for access to housing. This small group started the impleme

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ockdown has given us a taste of how good it is to live in a more local way: walking to shops, working from home, spending less time commuting. Emissions have decreased, and the air we breathe has felt cleaner. But if we change the way we design our cities, in particular, we can hold on to this climate-friendly way of living.

The "15-minute city" is a vision of urban living where everything you need - house, job, supermarket, school, park, health centre, post office - is a quarter of an hour away, by foot or bike. Paris, Barcelona, Bogotá and many other cities are exploring this. It means making cities more pedestrian- and cyclist-friendly, and prioritising refurbishment over new construction, retrofitting buildings to include a greater mix of uses, such as retail, office space, education, small makers and housing.

If cities reduce the number of cars on the road, and with them the need for parking, we could free up 10% extra space in cities. That's a lot - and the best thing we can do with it is plant trees, creating green, low-emission urban areas. If we do that, natural species will follow, and biodiversity will increase.

But size matters: if these green spaces are small and scattered, they won't be as effective. Only 13% of urban trees in the UK are in areas bigger than 0.25 hectares; they need to be 10 to 35 hectares to support wildlife. We have to fight against the building of "hard squares" - the large, concrete public spaces seen in cities the world over. All public spaces need varied greenery and water-permeable paving. We can further green up our cities with green roofs, balconies and small gardens. We can promote urban laws, like in San Francisco, forcing green roofs in new constructions, or when significant refurbishment happens in existing buildings.

As temperatures rise, city centres are predicted to become "heat islands" - around 3C hotter than surrounding areas. Trees and greenery will combat this. What is beautiful about this plan is that it can reap financial benefits, too, by making cities more attractive to residents, businesses and tourists.

If our cities are designed in this way, we will be better able to weather climate change, but also future pandemics.

Izaskun Chinchilla is an architect who runs her practice in Madrid and London, and is a professor at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London

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Izaskun Chinchilla: 'If we free up space in cities, we can plant trees'

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ockdown has given us a taste of how good it is to live in a more local way: walking to shops, working from home, spending less time commuting. Emissions have decreased, and the air we breathe has felt cleaner. But if we change the way we design our cities, in particular, we can hold on to this climate-friendly way of living.

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Check your site and future flooding (estimates)

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Check your site and future flooding (estimates)

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Every fraction of a degree of global warming sets in motion sea level rise that will profoundly threaten coastal cities across the world. Every fraction of a degree prevented will save some.

ClimateCentral's Surging Seas map above shows the incredible stakes and urgency of our climate choices: the calamity that would follow 4°C warming - close to our current path - or the much more manageable consequences if we limit warming to 2 or 1.5 degrees.

When we burn fossil fuels and put carbon pollution into the atmosphere, it heats the planet for centuries. To understand the sea level consequences, picture dumping a bag of ice cubes into your bathtub. The ice doesn't melt instantly - but you know it will. In the same way, each extra degree of warming means a bit more of Greenland and Antarctica will melt - like dumping another bag in the tub.

How long will sea level rise take? That's harder to say. Recent research says that without cutting carbon pollution, we could see more than 6 feet (2 meters) this century. And double that the next. These numbers are bigger than most scientists expected just a year ago.

Then again, Earth is heating up faster than it has in tens of millions of years - so it is difficult to know exactly what to expect. Since we have already warmed the planet more than 1°C, many feet of sea level rise are already in the pipeline beyond what we see today.

Click the info icon at the top of the map or visit Climate Central's Surging Seas to learn more.

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Every fraction of a degree of global warming sets in motion sea level rise that will profoundly threaten coastal cities across the world. Every fraction of a degree prevented will save some.

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Danish architectural firm COBE recently completed a one-of-a-kind public space in Copenhagen that not only serves as a multifunctional meeting place, but also provides covered parking for over 2,000 bicycles. Inaugurated in late August, Karen Blixens Plads is one of the largest public spaces in Copenhagen and measures over 20,000 square meters in size. The elevated undulating terrain helps break the large space down into small zones for activities and helps channel and slow rainwater to improve the area's stormwater management.

Located between the University of Copenhagen and the Danish Royal Library's buildings at the university's South Campus, Karen Blixens Plads is a multifunctional urban space that serves as a public square and a university plaza. Working in collaboration with CN3 and EKJ, COBE used 3D modeling to design the three "bicycle hills" constructed as cast concrete shells clad with hand-laid tiles in colors referencing the exteriors of nearby university buildings. Large openings punctuate the undulating load-bearing structure to create an airy, light-filled space underneath.

In addition to bicycle parking, the new public square includes an outdoor auditorium with seating for up to 1,000 people. Simple and durable materials were used to minimize maintenance, while lighting and furnishings were kept to a minimum.
Related: A striking new gateway to Copenhagen celebrates green transit and Danish design
"All in all, we have created a unique space based on three main principles: improving the connection between landscape and urban space, integrating optimal green spaces with a large capacity for bicycle parking and creating a space that offers good social meeting places and learning environments," says COBE's founder, Dan Stubbergaard. "The almost cathedral-like form of the bicycle hills further offers an aesthetic experience in its own right, both when people park their bikes and when they meet at the hills for lectures, group work, concerts or Friday afternoon socializing."
Images by Rasmus Hjortshøj - COAST

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Copenhagen's new eco-friendly "bicycle hills" hide parking for thousands of bicycles

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Danish architectural firm COBE recently completed a one-of-a-kind public space in Copenhagen that not only serves as a multifunctional meeting place, but also provides covered parking for over 2,000 bicycles. Inaugurated in late August, Karen Blixens Plads is one of the largest public spaces in Copenhagen and measures over 20,000 square meters in size.

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"Cities are in extreme situations where billions need to be spent on climate mitigation solutions and the equivalent amount on handling densification of the cities, especially the conflict between cars and urban spaces, so for us it is natural to think of the solutions together.

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Malta co-Housing - ARK House
Malta co-Housing - ARK House

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Malta Housing · Finnish Architecture Navigator

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Malta is a co-housing owner-occupied development commissioned by its residents. The architect has done a fine job at reconciling the various needs of the residents, their ambitious philosophy of shared living, and a strict budget. All 61 flats were co-designed with the residents catering to their specific wishes.

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Turin housing scheme ( architecturally slightly crazy looking) - 3 min video

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Turin housing scheme ( architecturally slightly crazy looking) - 3 min video

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Design aims to touch bigger scales in the master plan and double circulation loops focus on the Hawker Centre, this ties pedestrian circulation and supports the backyard image for the users.

Structures constructed around circulations and spaces and masses invites users and tenants for various kind of relations with the steet and interior activities.

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Peter Barber Architects has created a development of brick housing and a microbrewery at Rochester Way in the London Borough of Greenwich.

Built for the Greenwich-council owned developer Meridian Home Start, the scheme consists of 29 homes that will be available to those working locally at discounted rents.

The homes are arranged along three pedestrian streets that span between Rochester Way and Briset Road in Eltham to create a familiar urban arrangement.

"Seventy per cent of all the buildings in London are housing," explained Peter Barber Architects founder Peter Barber.

"Housing is what our city is made of. It compresses public space into streets, it surrounds our squares," he told Dezeen.

"Rochester Way is street-based housing. It is urban. The project employs an unusual courtyard/terrace hybrid type. We are used to seeing terraced housing in London. Courtyard housing is less common."

In total the development, which occupies a triangular site, contains 29 homes. At the base of the triangle, the studio created a terrace of mostly two-storey, two-bedroom homes.

The central block contains two rows of back-to-back terraces of two and three-bedroom homes as does the third block, which rises to three storeys and stands alongside a triangular park at the end of the site.

To mark the end of the terraces, alongside the existing main roads, the blocks are taller and contain one and two-bed apartments.

Alongside the park, a commercial unit that will contain a micro-brewery is differentiated from the housing by a wavy roof and a series of porthole-shaped windows.

"We are looking for an architecture of solidity, heaviness and permanence," said Barber. "The architecture will come with occupation. When people take control of it," he continued.

Peter Barber Architects reinterprets Victorian back-to-back housing in London

"Our approach is urban. Three new public mews streets and buildings fronting the green. We have built housing but we think of it as a little bit of city too."

Each of the terraced homes is arranged around a street-side courtyard. The majority of these courtyards are flanked by bedrooms on the ground floor, with the main living space and kitchen placed on the first floor, with direct access to a roof terrace.

This arrangement means that all principle windows look towards the courtyard, eliminating homes overlooking the adjacent properties.

The development is the latest housing scheme in London designed by Peter Barber Architects, which aims to create new typologies of housing that are suitable to modern urban living.

"For 35 years we have been exploring ways of doing lower-rise, street-based urban housing at medium and high densities," explained Barber.

"We continue to develop new house types and urban layouts, which are public-spirited and urban yet also provide domestic space for quiet, privacy and introspection," continued Barber.

"Terraced housing fronts a street. It is outward-looking. Courtyard housing is more about introversion. We hope our hybrid type does a bit of both."

Among Peter Barber Architects previously completed housing developments in London are a terraced tenement block of housing in Peckham, a reinterpretation of Victorian back-to-back housing in Stratford, a terrace of mews houses that feature oriel windows in Finsbury Park and a housing scheme fronted with brick arches in east London.

Photography is by Morley Von Sternberg.

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Peter Barber Architects creates five terraces of affordable housing in Greenwich

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Peter Barber Architects has created a development of brick housing and a microbrewery at Rochester Way in the London Borough of Greenwich. Built for the Greenwich-council owned developer Meridian Home Start, the scheme consists of 29 homes that will be available to those working locally at discounted rents.

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https://www.dezeen.com/2021/11/02/orsted-gardens-tegnestuen-lokal-new-facade/?li_source=LI&li_medium=rhs_block_1

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Tegnestuen Lokal designs new facade for “ugliest building in the neighbourhood”

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Danish studio Tegnestuen Lokal has transformed a housing block in Copenhagen, by replacing its austere concrete exterior with angular, plant-filled blocks.

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