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Penan hunt by tracking, but February through to April they sometimes use a hunting technique called mejong. A hunter hides in a tree close to a fruiting tropical oak and waits for the evening when he can prey upon feeding bearded pigs.

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In Penan society proper social behavior is learned by example rather than by rigorous discipline, and the importance of sharing is instilled in children from the earliest age.

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Penan society is organized around nuclear families and camp groups.

In Penan society, the natives are highly developed in an egalitarian society and little gender division. It means that the social stratification among the men and women are almost equal.

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Penan hunters carry with them two knives. One is called the poeh is large and used frequently. The darhad, the much smaller knife, is used for cutting meat, sharpening darts and some other works.

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A Penan, bringing baskets full of rotan to a Kenyah or Kayan longhouse to sell, may end up exchanging his produce for one bullet or shotgun cartridge.

In his way of thinking, a bullet will kill one wild boar which will last his family 10 days.

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The Penan trade with Kenyah people at the latter's longhouses 3 times annually, giving such things as hornbill feathers, wild latex, damar, and anteater scales. In return, they receive, at a disadvantageous rate, spearheads, knives, cookware, jewelry, matches, etc. Goods that they receive in trade are not shared.

Barter System

Most trade is conducted with remote Kayan, Kenyah and Kelabit longhouse communities on the edge of the forest.

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Fish are caught with hook and line, as well as poisoned with derris root.

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Hunters develop a equipment known as the "lepud"  or  blowpipe, about 6feet long made from the Bilian tree and curved with a bone drill.

Their darts are made from sago palm and are tipped with deadly poisonous latex from the Tajem tree, which kills a man in less than 3 minutes.

They use blowpipes to hunt, but killing a bearded pig with a blowpipe is very difficult and requires strong poison unless you want to track it for days before it falls (more difficult in secondary forest). Shotguns are obviously more efficient, but are far more expensive to own and permits are needed.

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They used these tools to hunt animals.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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-Women are believed to be born without a soul until they are married
- Unwanted child will be aborted with a special plant
- Husband have can decide to retrieve the soul by hunting an animal's head

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9Marriage:
- Usually done without ceremony9
- Used to be sealed with payments of bride-price such as blowguns, swords or money.
- East Penan allows first cousin marriage
- Polygyny allowed but rare
- Divorce initiated by any party

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- 38 years old
- State Administrative Officer
- He is believed that he was the right person for the job in that he understood the community better than outsiders.
- He also stood as a great role model and influence for the Penans, especially the youths.

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Forest Etiquette:
As one group goes ahead another group, messages will be left behind to lead them where to go and warn any possible danger.

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- Sekolah K9
- reduce cost
- stable lifestyle for the children
- teachers and staffs adaptation problems

- Starts from parents
- communications
- moral values
- tradition
through experiences and examples.

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Loin Cloths

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Nowadays, the Penan natives are making the tattoos by themselves which is almost like prison tattoos.

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- Festivals are not part of traditional Penan culture, but blood pacts were once undertaken, usually as part of political agreements between Penan leaders and neighbouring tribes. Rituals varied, but in some cases leaders would shed blood onto tobacco and then smoke it together, thus consuming each other's blood and preventing future conflict. A breach of this pact was believed to cause the vomiting of blood and a violent death.

- Similar rituals relate to banishing bad luck in hunting trips or to end a period of unsuccessful hunts. By smearing their blood onto a sago leaf, folding it and burying it some hunters believe they can change their fortune.

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- In the beginning, there was only sky and water and a sun and moon that didn't move. After eons and eons rocks fell to earth and later came rain which pulverized the rock into mud. Worms emerged from the mud are bore holes in the rock which allowed mother earth to break through the ground.

- As the first man and woman watched the trees in the storm a branch from a tree entered a hole in another tree, giving the first man and woman an idea. Their first child was the result.

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- The Penan have some rather colourful clothing. Their traditional dress, mostly worn by elders, is made from chawats (loin cloths).

- They also have accessories such as bands around their legs and wrists and large holes in their earlobes

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- 30 years ago, more than 400 children were having difficulties to go to school
- Now, over 3000 children are going to school (more than 50 schools altogether; primary and secondary schools - Baram, Bintulu, Niah)
- 20 of them successfully graduated last year
- Penan pursued to Kolej Segi Kuching and Kolej Yayasan Sabah KK
- Nursing, teaching, Petronas geologist, etc.

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- The Penan follow the religion of animism-- Believe that natural phenomena, spirits and magic are all interconnected.

- The Penan believe in a creator god named Peselong and rely on shaman to cure illnesses by removing illness-causing spirits.

Since the (World War II) 1930s Christianity has spread.

Some have been converted to Islam.

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Penan Woman's ear lobe is quite different from the man's as the hole is much bigger.

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Penan man wearing chawat and body accessories

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(UVUT FOOD

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- Made by female
- Leisure time

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BABUI

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- Hut
- Has no cement or board floor
- Floor made by bamboo / just the ground

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Rumah Penan

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- Played by female; happiness & sadness and when in love
- If played by male; lost in the forest
- For guests

- Complicated but produce soft sound
-  Skillful

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Oreng / Ilut (Hand /Mouth Flute)

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Keringot (Nose Flute)

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copas dari Muhammad Ridwan Subhanallaaah... Saya baru saja ketemu bapak bapak Buta yang sedang bermain musik dengan hidungnya... Saya meminta izin kepada beliau untuk merekam vidio dan beliau mengizinkannya... ini beliau lakukan untuk menafkahi anaknya dari hasil pemberian orang lain yang berbaik hati kepadanya...

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The Penan people live deep in the rainforests of Sarawak. Numbering about 10,000 people, the Penan are tribes of hunter-gatherers-they rely heavily on the forest they live in for their continued survival. Their livelihood, however, has been threatened by modern economic activity such as logging, dam building and forest clearance.

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The Penan before the early 19th century occupied settlements on the Hiahm Suai & Buk rivers. They are believed to have arrived at that location by traveling through the Lio Matu area from Pejungan.

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The Penan recognises two main groups among them, East Penan and the West Penan; the groups are culturally distinct and are geographically separated by the Baram River. Most of the Penan are located around Baram (in the Miri Division) and around Belaga (in the Kapit Division). Smaller populations can be found in the Bintulu and Limbang Districts.

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The Penan people live deep in the rainforests of Sarawak. Sarawak has a population of almost 2.5 million, made up of some 26 different ethnic groups. 31% of Sarawak's population consists of two biggest ethnic groups, Dayak and Iban, while the rest of the population consist of other ethnic groups which includes Penan, Bidayuh and Kelabit (Source: Minority Rights, 2016).

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The Penan are tribes of hunter-gatherers—they rely heavily on the forest they live in for their continued survival. The Penan are the only true nomadic people in Sarawak and are amongst the last of the world's hunter-gatherers. Penan people is estimated to be around 2,357,500 people (Source: Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2006)