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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 1 (The Docks)

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 1 (The Docks)

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Marlow begins by quoting that "one of the darkest places on earth" which can be interpreted in different ways but from an archetypal perspective, it can be considered as an archetypal symbolism. For many the life of a sailor is simple; just living and tagging along from one ship to another towards different parts of the world on the same sea. It was considered just "a sedentary life" but for Marlow, he was considered by fellow sailors as " the only man of us who still followed the sea." This character trait that Marlow possess allows for the reader to be able to go along on the story journey that Marlow goes on through as the novel progresses. Marlow continues his thought process by saying the river of Thames in a philosophical aspect "Yes; but it's like a running blaze on a plain, like a flash of lightning in the clouds. We live in the flicker--may it last as long as the old earth keeps rolling!  But the darkness was yesterday." This can be also considered as an archetypal analysis as a form of the journey because Marlow is also trying to say many great people will pass through a certain area at a certain historical time but it will just be like a lighting in the clouds, fast and quick. Marlow continues his thought process by saying that it would have been difficult for the Romans who came to the land in the first place such as a Roman Captain who would have gotten confused and would have been hard for him to navigate the lands of unknown. The Roman Captain would have to face all sorts of harsh brutalities which much like a foreshadow towards the future of the story, would have been consumed by darkness. Marlow with a clothing that appears to make him look like Buddha continues by criticizing that conquests don't work out and the only thing that does is the fact that ideas about how the government should function are the only thing left standing. Marlow stopped talking for a bit and he gazes at the reflections made within the water after a long wait that "I suppose you fellows remember that I did once turn fresh-water sailor for a bit" to tell the people around him his experiences.

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 2 (Outer Station)

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 2 (Outer Station)

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Marlow is walking down a hill, he stepped around a large hole that someone dug up for no reason. He starts saying, “It was just a hole. It might have been connected with the philanthropic desire of giving the criminals something to do.” I don’t know why they would make someone dig a hole, what would that teach them? Probably showing them how miserable life can be when imprisoned. After nearly falling into a hole and a ravine, he sits under a tree and strolls under the shade for a moment. He quotes “no sooner within than it seemed to me I had stepped into the gloomy circle of some Inferno”. Nothing moved in that moment, the sound of rushing rapids was all around him, he says if it had sounded as though the earth was tearing apart. As Marlow is laying there, the ground shakes from an explosion on the hill, people are working. The way he describes these people, though, “Black shapes crouched, lay, sat between the trees leaning against the trunks, clinging to the earth, half coming out, half effaced within the dim light, in all the attitudes of pain, abandonment, and despair.” These people were suffering, they looked as if they had no reason to being there, they’ve probably done nothing at all, they were probably being used by a mining company. “They were dying slowly—it was very clear. They were not enemies, they were not criminals, they were nothing earthly now—nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation, lying confusedly in the greenish gloom”. They had been brought from across the coast through legal contract and against their will. They were put in unfamiliar surroundings and given strange food, and many got sick and died.

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 3 (Central Station)

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 3 (Central Station)

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There was no surprise for Marlow to see someone who would just sit around with his legs dangling by his side. Marlow started to get close with the mechanics who worked at the area despite the fact that they're looked down by the agents who are in charge of the mechanics. Marlow then has an analysis on the head mechanic who yellow face, big eyes, bald but had a scruffy beard, that looks worried. According to Marlow, he was a hardworking widow who was trying to provide food on the table for his 6 children that have been watched over by the head mechanic's sister. The head mechanic had a passion for flying like a pigeon which at the end of the day he would come to his pigeons and children. At work, the head mechanic has encounter dirty clothing but he would wash it as he "could be seen squatted on the bank rinsing that wrapper in the creek with great care, then spreading it solemnly on a bush to dry." Marlow slapped the head mechanic on the back and told him that they were getting rivets. At first, the head mechanic seemed to look bewilder but afterwards the two cheered together. The happiness was short but fun until "some of the pilgrims sit up in their hovels." After a moment of quiet stillness, the two continues their conversation with Marlow saying "They'll come in three weeks". The rivets did arrive in three weeks but the problem is that instead of coming in together they came in pieces which in Marlow's perspective. The group that delivered the rivets looked nothing but a bunch of pirates who's objectives were to "tear treasure out of the bowels of the land was their desire, with no more moral purpose at the back of it than there is in burglars breaking into a safe." The group was named Eldorado Exploring Expedition and was a funded a man named Kurtz that had descriptive details about him such as shift eyes and a pot belly that rested on his legs who only talked to two people; his nephew and the manager. Marlow was not interested about who Kurtz is but he does wonder what kind of a person he was since he can reach the top like that

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 4 (Inner Station)

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 4 (Inner Station)

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In the Journey to the Inner Station, Marlow reflects and fixates on Kurtz's addiction and greed for ivory. The ivory can be seen as a symbol for greed and the destructive nature of man. An "ivory ball" had "taken him, loved him, embraced him, got into his veins, consumed his flesh, and sealed his soul to its own by the inconceivable ceremonies of some devilish initiation." This lust for power has ultimately led to Kurtz's inevitable death as he was consumed in darkness, losing his grip to society, which in turn led to his own insanity and loss of moral values. Marlow then proceeds to recollect everything he knew about Kurtz and what observations he made about him.  "You should have heard him say, ‘My ivory.’ Oh, yes, I heard him. ‘My Intended, my ivory, my station, my river, my--’ everything belonged to him."  Through the process, "many powers of darkness claimed him for their own" as  no one could "save the gifted Mr. Kurtz from his fate." Finally, Marlow talks about how Kurtz has influenced him and provided him with enlightenment. "I learned that, most appropriately, the International Society for the Suppression of Savage Customs had entrusted him with the making of a report, for its future guidance. " "The opening paragraph, however, in the light of later information, strikes me now as ominous. He began with the argument that we whites, from the point of development we had arrived at, ‘must necessarily appear to them [savages] in the nature of supernatural beings--we approach them with the might as of a deity,’ and so on, and so on. ‘ " Marlow is appreciative of Kurtz in showing a different perspective, but questions his identity.

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 5 (Sepulchral City)

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Journey to Meaning: Archetypal Analysis 5 (Sepulchral City)

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Marlow is the archetypal hero in the novel, "Heart of Darkness." As the journey almost comes to an end at Sepulchral City, Marlow speaks to The Intended to inform her about Kurtz. The Intended was in tears and "was in mourning" when she heard the news, but Marlow tells her everything he knew about Kurtz. Most notably, Marlow tells The Intended about the "good side" of Kurtz. He says how Kurtz "was a remarkable man" and how "it was impossible not to love him." As Marlow comforts her through her grief, The Intended speaks, "‘Forgive me. I--I have mourned so long in silence--in silence. . .  You were with him--to the last? I think of his loneliness. Nobody near to understand him as I would have understood. Perhaps no one to hear. ."  Marlow then mentions that he stood by Kurtz's side to the very end and heard his last words. " 'Repeat them,’ she murmured in a heart-broken tone. ‘I want--I want -- something--something--to--to live with.’ " “ ‘His last word--to live with,’ she insisted. ‘Don’t you understand I loved him--I loved him--I loved him!’ Unfortunately, Marlow tells a lie by telling the Intended that Kurtz's last words were her name. However, this lie is justifiable because Marlow didn't want to tell the Intended what he actually saw in Kurtz and what he has become. He highlights Kurtz's good side and not his heart of darkness.  For one of many reasons, Marlow is the archetypal hero of the novel as he "saves" the Intended from being exposed to this darkness that has taken Kurtz's life away. This darkness has consumed Kurtz's soul, creating a lust for power and a greed for ivory.

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In the story Heart of Darkness, Marlow's journey from different parts of Europe to Congo River itself can be considered as archetypal. One of the main events in Marlow's journey was the fog that occurs as he was going to his journey. Fog represents danger and the unknown which occurs to Marlow and his crew as they didn't know where to head and they were attacked by the inhabitants of the area that they were in. Another archetypal scenario that occurs in Marlow's journey is the forest

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The question asks to look at particularly color for imagery. One color that stood out to me was red. I have a quote from the book that states "There was a vast amount of red - good to see at anytime because one knows that some real work is done there".  In Conrad's point of view, he may be talking about the slaves and how he knows they are working so hard because they're bleeding. It's progress and the company doesn't care if they're bleeding.

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The examination of Marlow as an archetypal hero enhances our understanding of the story better because the story of Heart of Darkness can also be considered as a story where the main protagonist goes on an adventure and encounters peculiar things along the way.  Through the analysis from an archetypal way, Marlow would be considered as one type of Archetypal character; The Hero/Self. Another character from the Archetypes that Marlow can be considered as well would be in The Outcasts because Marlow is stuck in a foreign land where Englishmen like himself can be considered as part of the native African's society.

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Congo Diary #4: Other Archetypal Characters

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Congo Diary #4: Other Archetypal Characters

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There are several archetypal characters present in the novel. Kurtz, for example, is a representation of the shadow, the heart of darkness, and the antagonist of the novel. As Marlow ventures into the wilderness (a symbol for evil), he approaches closer to the heart of the jungle and closer to the heart of darkness (Kurtz). Kurtz is portrayed as the "dark side" of the hero and is representative of the repression of man's ideas and instincts; the unconscious mind. Another character is Kurtz's fiancé, The Intended. She is supposedly the ideal partner in a relationship and represents the innocence. Marlow saved the Intended from being exposed to the darkness by telling a lie, which prevented the corruption of her innocence. The next character that is worth mentioning are the Natives. Although they are considered as a "group of people," the Natives are the outcasts from society. They survive by relying on their own primal instincts and live outside any norms or rules from society. The effects of these archetypal characters in the novel illustrate how evil or corrupted man can be. Man is revealed to be greedy, has a lust for power, and has a repressed dark side of humanity.

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Throughout the whole novel, Conrad employs different archetypal symbols such as the initiation, Marlow's journey, and The Maze representing Congo River journey. The Initiation is a part of character development where the main character understands a situation from a different light and grows into maturity, this was seen in The Heart Of Darkness when Marlow's opinion about Kurtz changed after the two meets one another as well as the way Kurtz views natives as nothing more than a source of money. Marlow's journey is considered an archetypal symbol as well because journeys are typically considered something that happens in a archetypal story. The Maze which can be defined as life's journey towards vitality also be the archetypal symbol.

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Congo Diary #6: Connections to Rituals/Sacrifices

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Congo Diary #6: Connections to Rituals/Sacrifices

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"Heart of Darkness" may connect to the sacrifice of humanity. In the novel, the heads on the sticks symbolizes Kurtz's loss of sanity and brutality. The candle that Marlow holds as Kurtz is dying on the ship is a representation of life and hope as well. As Kurtz dies, Marlow blows out the candle light to signify that Kurtz is dead. Ultimately, the message behind this is that Kurtz's decision to sacrifice his humanity equates to sacrificing his own life.

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Congo Diary #7: Strengths & Weaknesses of Archetypal Criticism 

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Congo Diary #7: Strengths & Weaknesses of Archetypal Criticism 

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By using the lens of an archetypal criticism, there are two different sides of looking at the story from this approach. The positive side of this approach is that one is able to compare various sides and points of view of the novel in a way that gets a wide range of knowledge from each of the sides inside of Heart of Darkness from a perspective that's never really been looked at for many different stories. A weakness which can also be applied to different criticisms as well is that by  looking in terms of life and continuity it can be seen as digging deeper into something that leads to a dead end as well as over analyzing into something that shouldn't be looked at from that perspective.