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Anna's age at this time is 38, weight: 165 lb, height: 5'4, bp: 140/90, and pulse: 102 bpm. We were to test Anna's Urinalysis, Morphology, Gram Staining, and Various Biomedical Testings.
Urinalysis test indicated positive for bacterial infection and further tests were needed to identify that type of bacteria.
The Gross Examination of Colony Morphology test indicated bacteria: Serratia Liquefaciens.
Gram Staining test indicated negative for the cell wall.
The Various Biomedical test indicated bacteria Serratia Marcescens.

The bacteria present is Serratia Marcescens.

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5.1.3
Anna's size was small, margins were wavy or regular, elevation was raised, and the color was reddish-pink.
5.1.4
Anna's bacteria ended up being gram positive and was purple. The shape was spherical (cocci).
5.1.5
Anna's bacterial species was identified to be Serratia Liquefaciens or Serratia Marcescens.

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Pedigree of Anna's Family - Sickle Cell Anemia

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Pedigree of Anna's Family - Sickle Cell Anemia

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Anna, age 10
- chest pains and leg
- daily antibiotics
- has infections
- pain meds made her feel sleepy
- had sickle cell anemia
- missed school, missed friends
- has physical therapy
- does ultrasounds
Anna, age 17
- on hydroxyurea
- has pain crises
- felt nauseous or tired
- weird, yellow eyes
- thin hair
- will have birth defects
- felt lonely
Anna, age 22
- avascular necrosis at the hip is getting worse
- might need hip replacement
Anna, age 31
- wants to start a family
- wished the embryos will be free of sickle cell disease

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- Anna also had a condition called hypercholesterolemia, when the body is not able to digest cholesterol and causes a buildup of cholesterol in the bloodstream in the body. Her total cholesterol level was 389 mg/dL (high), HDL was 60 mg/dL (normal), and LDL was 145 mg/dL (high).

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Manner of Death - Natural
Cause of Death -  Stroke
There was a cut examined in Anna's brain that revealed a significant blot or blockage in the middle cerebral artery. This was examined through the Internal Examination of the Cardiovascular System, which helped reveal left internal carotid artery. Due to the lack of energy and the damage of nectrotics, Anna ended up dying with a stroke.
Long Term Solution - Anna should've dealt with her hypertension better and went to the doctors often. With the increase of cholesterol and LDL levels, Anna was due to end up with a blockage somewhere.
Short Term Solution - She should have immediately went to the hospital when she noticed the face drooping. Especially Alex should've noticed something as he was there the night before and knew her for so long.

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- Heart Attack
- High Blood Pressure
- Hypertension
- Fainting and hitting of the head.

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- Anna's lungs appear normal.
- The pacemaker can be seen by the x-ray and the heart appears bigger than normal.
- In her toxicology, there was evidence of statins, equivalent to 40 mg/dL. Statins is a medication that can reduce the illness mortality for patients who are in high risk for cardiovascular disease.
- An ACE inhibitor was also used to treat Anna's high blood pressure, but was found untouched for 3-4 days.
- The left ventricular hypertrophy is an enlargement and thickening of the walls in the heart's main pumping chamber (enlarged heart = left ventricle is pumping harder)
- Stent is present in the left anterior descending coronary artery.
- There was evidence of peripheral vascular disease in the leg.

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- Anna has not been keeping up with a formalized exercise, but does yoga home videos to help herself deal with stress from her illness and job.
- She experienced a drastic increase in blood pressure as well as a premature ventricular contraction when she was tested on the EKG. This was also during a treadmill stress test.
- The patient was only able to walk for 8 minutes before the test was concluded, with a max speed 3.5 mph at an elevation of 2% and max pressure of 190/110.
- The angiogram revealed a blockage in the left anterior descending coronary artery.

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Anna had a blood pressure of 140/72, which meant she had Hypertension 2.
- She admitted to eating a diet high in both calories and fat.
- She consumes three glasses of wine each day along with an aspirin.
- Anna also has a family history of early heart disease as well as uncontrolled hypertension.
- Her father had a heart attack when he was 41 years old.
Through the use of the punnett square and family pedigree on finding whether Anna has familial hypercholesterolemia genotype (autosomal recessive trait), we ended with Anna being someone who had the disease.
- Tachycardic - a rapid heart beat that may be regular or irregular, which Anna has an average heart rate of 90-105 throughout the day.

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Age: 14, 20lbs 20z
- Patient was given Infant Tylenol to relieve a fever.
- She is extremely lethargic, experiencing breathing problems, and appears to be in a lot of pain.
- Patient has pale skin, nails, and lips - lack of oxygen.
-  Didn't have much of an appetite.
- Has a bright red diaper rash on the bottom and experiences diarrhea.
- Pulse: 175 bpm (abnormal heart rate).
- Higher urine output than normal.
- Patient's height is below the 5th percentile on the growth curve.
- Weight is between 10th and 25th percentile on the growth percentile.
- Patient had swelling in the hands and feet.
- Abdomen is tender to the touch and is enlarged on the left side (splenic sequestration - sickling in the splenic vein, resulting in the collection of a large amount of blood in the spleen. This causes the spleen to become enlarged.)
- Red BC reduced levels and White BC increased levels.
- Hematocrit is lower than 20%.
- Blood oxygen is lower than normal, resulting for positive in sickle cell anemia and severe anemia.

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Anna was around the height of 5'4" and had a body weight of 165.
- Severe back pains and stopped taking medication.

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According to the Glaister equation, Anna died at 7AM with the 73F room temperature.
Also, according to Doug, Anna walks her dog around 6:30 every morning. The emergency call was at 9:45AM and the EMT arrived at 9:56AM.

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The unknown substance is: Aspirin or Ascetysalicy Acid, which appeared white and soft. The texture was smooth and there wasn’t any reaction to indicator 1. However, bubbling occurred for indicator 2 and 3.

The Blood has identical clumping of the Anti-A and B serum, which relates to either Anna or Alex Garcia.

Anna’s hair was found at crime scene when the hair cuticles had blotchy area and looks exactly the same to the one found.

Fingerprint was a tented arch: Alex Garcia. Anna has a whorl arch.

The shoe print belonged to Anna Garcia, because “w” shape of the under print of the shoe represents Anna’s shoes that she is wearing.

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- Anna's former husband.
- Divorced with Anna, but quickly remarried.
- Expecting a child.
- Has financial difficulty.
- Has seen Anna the night before.

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- Alex's wife.
- Was observing Anna's house as Alex was inside, the day before the death.
- Erica and Alex has been reported to have last argued with one another in a restaurant.

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- Anna's neighbor.
- Knows every single detail about Anna's whereabouts.
- Was in a relationship with Anna, but broke up last week.
- Last saw Anna at 6:30 the morning before she died, while walking her dog.

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- Best friend and co-owner of Anna's bakery.
- Wanted to expand the bakery, but Anna doesn't want to.
- Last saw Anna going to the hospital and admitted that she had back pain.
- Saw Anna the day before her death.

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With the blood found in the crime scene, we were able to determine the DNA through Gel Electrophoresis. The restricted enzymes are then cut into restriction fragment length polymerizations. Also, because DNA is negatively charged and placed at the starting well, the positive end of the GE will attract the DNA towards it. The shorter the RFLP length, the faster it will reach the positive end. This way, the DNA can be separated into long or short strands, determining the DNA in the crime scene. Overall, we found out that the DNA found in the crime scene belonged to Anna Garcia.

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This lab was to determine the height in which the blood fell. According to the experiment, Anna must have fell on the table first, leading the table to knock over. The blood spilled from hitting the table and spattered from that height. The diameter helps determine the height of the person/object. Therefore, we can determine that the blood fell from the table’s height.

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By going through Anna’s autopsy report case, we examined her internal and external appearance and sufferings that she had managed to survive through. With these findings, we found out that her manner of death was natural. She must’ve died through the cause of having:

an infectious disease

cardiovascular issues

swelling of the ankles

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Diabetes can be caused by the excessive eating of sugary products. Due to genetics or becoming obese, there can be some problems with the pancreas hormone creating insulin. The insulin can either be too much or none at all. The differences between all of the Type 1, 2, and Normal diabetes is that Type 1 diabetes can be genetic and the body doesn't produce any insulin. For the Type 2 diabetes, you can get it from over excessive glucose in your body and cause the body receptors to not be able to signal any glucose intake. Normal people will have insulin connecting to insulin receptors to alert the Glut-4 to open a passage at the cell membrane for glucose to be intake by the cell. Furthermore, as for the experiment, we used Anna and two other patients and found what disease they had. Using the GTT test, the graph between all patients are different. We can conclude that both Patient B and Anna has the same level of glucose in their body, but doesn't go back to baseline -- Type 1 diabetes. For patient A, it seems that he/she has normal body functions and is non-diabetic.

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The insulin graph shows different levels of glucose over time. We can see from the lines that Anna's body isn't producing any insulin and that Patient A is functioning normally. For Patient B, there was an increase of insulin, leveled straight line, then a decrease BUT not all the way. Therefore, this can show that the patient has Type 2 diabetes.

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Four components that make up blood:
- platelets (thrombocytes)
- red blood cells (erythrocytes)
white blood cells (leukocytes)
- plasma
Blood is produced in the bone marrow.
Between a normal red blood cell and an anemia of deficiency of red blood cell... a red blood cell has a full circle shape with a little dent in the middle as for the sickle cell anemia, had a crescent shape.

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- Her fingernails were of a blue/grey color that indicates a lack of oxygen.
- There were traces of hydroxyurea in her blood stream. Hydroxyurea is a medication that treats sickle cell anemia, which prevents the formation of the sickle-cell shape on the red blood cells.
Possible Cause of Death - Stroke or Heart Attack due to blood blockages.

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Food Testing (Stomach Contents + Food Diary)

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Food Testing (Stomach Contents + Food Diary)

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To find evidence about what Anna has been recently eating and the connection of her foods to her disease can help see how Anna must have died. From the results given, we can say that the excessive glucose from the junk food and the lack of vegetables must have led to the diabetes and her death. This was under the recommendations of what she was supposed to wat and her diet was not appropriate for her being diabetic.
Due to the diagnosis of Anna being diabetic, eating all types of sugary foods is unhealthy for Anna.
We used different tests to find out what was in Anna's stomach. First, we tested the negative and positive controls for each standard test:
- Glucose; Positive: Mustard yellow- green and Negative: Blue
- Starch; Positive: Purple and Negative: Brown
- Protein; Positive: Light Purple and Negative Light Blue
- Lipids; Positive: Transparent and Negative: Opaque
By doing this, we can find out what was in Anna's stomach and what has led to her diabetes and death.