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James was born on April 23 1791 in Cove Gap, Pennsylvania. He was Americas 15th president from 1857 to 1861. As soon as he left the office civil war had began. American tobacco and electric power industrialist known for the cigarette manufacture. Also involvement with Duke University. Buchanan began his political career by serving in Pennsylvania. Buchanan was the U.S ambassador to Ruissa in 1831.

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Was the growing division between the North and the South over slavery. Buchanan thought slavery was wrong, but he also believed that freeing the slaves would lead to more problems. His position got him support from the South. When Buchanan first took over, he picked advisers from both the North and the South.

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Duke university was founded 1837-1859 it was founded by James Buchanan Duke at which time the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father, Washington Duke.

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james did not have any documented failures.

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As a successful businessman Duke shared his good fortune through generous philanthropy, most visibly in his endowment to Duke University in North Carolina. While his father was away fighting for the South in the American Civil War Union soldiers destroyed much of the 300-acre Duke farm. The farm had produced corn, oats, wheat, and tobacco crops, but only some stored leaf tobacco escaped destruction.

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James Buchanan Duke was a driving force in the development of the U.S. tobacco industry. Through innovative marketing and production techniques Duke popularized cigarettes in the United States and abroad. He also made his mark in the electric power and textile industries.

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Philanthropic implies interest in the general human welfare, esp. as shown in large-scale gifts to charities or the endowment of institutions for human advancement; , humanitarian implies more direct concern with promoting the welfare of humanity, esp. through reducing pain and suffering; , charitable implies the giving of money or other help to those in need; , altruistic implies a putting of the welfare of others befor ones own in

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Contributions and or innovations to the industry  

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Contributions and or innovations to the industry  

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Son of Washington Duke who then entered the tobacco business after the American Civil War cigarettes were manufactured by the United States. He was also a big contribution of the larger cigarette manufactures almost from the time he moved to New York, the American Tobacco Company and its various offshoots gained control not only of cigarettes but also of smoking tobacco, snuff, and practically all tobacco products except cigars. Duke provided vigorous leadership for the company's expansion, both in the United States and in various foreign markets such as Canada, Japan, and China. In a struggle to gain a larger share of the British market early in the twentieth century and concluded with an arrangement in 1902

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Dukes began to manufacture cigarettes, business boomed. Three years later, with James in control, the company moved its executive offices to New Jersey to take advantage of that state's liberal corporation laws and to exploit the virgin markets of the North and West. Thereafter, the business grew into an international combine as Duke pursued monopolistic methods. Rebates, discrimination, a nationwide secret service, bulldozer tactics against competitors, and price manipulations marked the long "Tobacco War," by which Duke gained complete ascendancy over all rivals and also developed an interest in the potential of electrical power. In 1905 he organized the Southern Power and Light Company. Within 25 years. He died on Oct. 10, 1925.

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In the year 2000, it was estimated that 1.1 million people were dying annually from the disease and 85% of the cases being caused by tobacco. He merged as the president of the American Tobacco Company, which within a decade became a multinational corporation. one of the companies making up Duke energy within the two decades. known for the introduction of modern cigarette manufacture and marketing. Also his involvement with Duke University.

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Lifelong Methodists, the two brothers practiced the kind of financial stewardship encouraged by their church and instilled in them by their father. Ardent Republicans and sympathetic to the downtrodden, the Dukes, individually and collectively, gave to a number of causes. In December, 1924, James B., who was by far the wealthiest member of the family, established The Duke Endowment as a permanent trust fund with designated beneficiaries. In so doing, he was following the family's long-standing patterns of philanthropy. In 1892, Washington Duke had helped a Methodist-related institution, Trinity College, relocate to Durham, and since 1887 Ben had been a member of the school's Board of Trustees.

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Duke's older brother, Benjamin Newton, had launched the family into the textile business as early as 1892. As their textile interests developed, the need for economical water power led the Dukes into the hydroelectric generating business. In 1905, they founded the Southern Power Company, now known as Duke Power, one of the companies making up Duke Energy, Inc. Within two decades, this company was supplying electricity to more than 300 cotton mills and various other factories, electric lines, and cities and towns primarily in the Piedmont region of North and South Carolina.

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Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James Buchanan Duke established The Duke Endowment, at which time the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father, Washington Duke.