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CHAPTER 9
What is the significance of Mr Gatz's presence in the last chapter?

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The rumors about Gatsby continue to circulate in New York—a reporter even travels to Gatsby’s mansion hoping to interview him. Having learned the truth about Gatsby’s early life sometime before writing his account, Nick now interrupts the story to relate Gatsby’s personal history—not as it is rumored to have occurred, nor as Gatsby claimed it occurred, but as it really happened.

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Why did Gatsby demand Daisy to say that she never loved Tom?
I think that Gatsby wanted to feel that Daisy never got over him. He wanted Daisy to forget every beautiful moment she spent with Tom and only remember his flaws.

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Chapter 7

Why did Jay Gatsby decide to take the blame for the accident Daisy caused?

Gatsby's decision to take responsibility for the actions of Daisy goes to further substantiate the deep and supposedly profound love for her. It also depicts a certain nobility that he seems to associate him character with. Gatsby does all this in light of her almost capricious absence of concern for him. We can see once again that Jay Gatsby still holds on to the past and in a way objectifies Daisy in his pursuit to attain her, as if she were a commodity.

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Chapter 6

What spurred Jay Gatsby to chase a life of fortune and wealth?

A tale of rags to riches: Young James Gats was born on a farm in North Dakota. After having to put himself through school by means of humiliating janitorial work, he dropped out of school after just two weeks. He went on to pursue work on Lake Superior, where he fished for salmon and dug for clams. He then saw a yacht one day and rowed to it, cautioning an impending storm. The yacht's grateful owner, wealthy cooper mogul, Dan Cody, took young Gatz aboard and named him Jay Gatsby. Gatsby fell in love with his newfound lifestyle of wealth and luxury whilst taking care of Cody who was a heavy drinker and frequently drunk. Cody passed away and left Gatsby $25,000 which was denied to him by Cody's mistress. It was that exact sentiment which then ignited the fire within Gatsby.

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CHAPTER 6

What probably inspired Gatsby to be successful?

Jay Gatsby started of his school life working as a janitor. However, he was not satisfied with this job. After helping a rich copper mogul named Dan Cody, he was hired as his personal assistant. This job gave him an opportunity to experience wealth and luxury. Dan later died, and willed $25, 000 to Gatsby. This sum was withheld by Dan’s mistress. This therefore pushed Gatsby to thrive to be a successful individual.

Why did Gatsby abstain from alcohol consumption?

While working with Dan, part of his duty was to take care of him while he was drunk. This is because he was a heavy drinker. This gave Gatsby a first-hand experience of the effect of alcohol, which is why he chose to abstain from it.

CHAPTER 7
Why did Jay Gatsby choose to take blame for Myrtle's death?
Jay loved Daisy so much that he felt the need to take the blame for her death. She was hit by a car being driven by Daisy. He loved her so much that he spied on her to make sure that Tom doesn't hurt her.

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What is the significance of the character Wolfshiem?
Gatsby admits that Wolfshiem was the man who fixed the 1919 World Series. This chapter is also the chapter where Gatsby opens up about his past where his family died, he went to oxford and joined the army. Wolfshiem could be very strategically placed in this chapter to show us that Nick cannot help but think that Gatsby may have been involved in illegitimate money making.

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Why did Gatsby wait so long to finally meet Daisy?
By the time they meet in chapter 5, it is clear to us that Gatsby had waited a very long time before he could see Daisy again- even though she lived right across him. Gatsby shows his nervousness in his first meeting with her after all these years by knocking down Nick's clock very clumsily. This could show how much he truly cares about how she feels and thinks of him. Thus, he needed all this time to reflect on how he was to meet her.

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Pedro Valverde Ch. - Chapter 4.- Why did Gatsby had Nick and Mr. Wolfsheim sit down and share lunch together?

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Pedro Valverde Ch. - Chapter 4.- Why did Gatsby had Nick and Mr. Wolfsheim sit down and share lunch together?

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I think, in a way, it was a subtle mean for Gatsby to introduce Mr. Wolfsheim to Nick, knowing that later on (pg. 53) he would propose a job offer. If not, what else could've been the purpose of Wolfsheim being there? They didn't even discussed anything important. He was just introduced to Nick, and, when left alone with Nick, used that time to show off his opulent cuff buttons (perhaps a way to show off the luxury he surrounded himself with, to make Nick aware of all he could have, money wise, if he j'oined the team). So if Wolfsheim wasn't there merely to give a strong, temptative impression to Nick, he was basically irrelevant. And, from what we've learned so far, Gatsby doesn't do anything without a purpose.

And although when Gatsby offers Nick a job he explicitly denies the offer involved working with Mr. Wolfsheim, maybe it was a way to avoid scaring Nick off. That makes sense if we consider that, when Nick asks for Gatsby's profession (Chapter 5), Gatsby instantly asks back if he has reconsidered the job offer. So maybe Gatsby had in mind, since that apparently casual lunch-meeting, for Nick to become his and Wolfsheim's associate in a perhaps sketchy business (assuming, as Nick does, that Gatsby and Wolfsheim are involved in such businesses).

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Pedro Valverde Ch. - Chapter 5.- Why did Daisy ask Nick if he loved her?

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Pedro Valverde Ch. - Chapter 5.- Why did Daisy ask Nick if he loved her?

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This one I couldn't answer as well as I wanted to. Maybe she wants him to love her (perhaps because she's in love with him), for there's no other reason to assume your cousin is in love with you; it shouldn't be odd for your cousin to ask you for tea, even if he asks you to come alone. Or maybe she just wanted to feel loved by someone. Maybe she just wanted to be part of an affair, like her husband was; to feel that rush of a forbidden love. Even if that meant having to be loved by her own cousin. Even if she wasn't willing to go through with it. Maybe just knowing that she was worth it was enough.

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Why does the author use pathetic fallacy in the form of rain on the day Daisy and Jay meet again but then changes the weather to sunny?
The weather is connected to Gatsby's feelings, so whenever he was feeling nervous and down it rains, but whenever everything is fine between him and Daisy its sunny outside.

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Why does Nick always doubt Gatsby?
Whenever Gatsby tells Nick a story of him in Oxford or him in World War One Nick doesn't seem to believe Gatsby and in the end proof has to be shown. Even Nick meets Wolfshiem he doubts Gatsby and the source of his income immediately.
In my opinion, this is because Nick doesn't want to believe that such a "perfect" (In his eyes) human being exist and he tries to find a way to prove him wrong.
Or maybe it could be that nick is secretly jealous of the life Gatsby has and it all sounds as a fairytale he always dreamed of that just does not sound real.

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There are two questions which is:
Why is Nick attracted by Jordan Baker ?
Why doesn't Gatsby try to gather attention in his party ?
1st question
-I think Nick is attracted by Jordan because she is different from other typical women. More specifically, her behaviour is always in a confident manner and also in the party, she didn't  join women's group which most women did and chatter.
2nd question
-Gatsby is a mysterious man because by chapter 3 there were few scenes which mentioned about Gatsby so his manner in his party is also in bail. Normally as a host of the party he should be outstanding in them by doing such as making starting speech. Also some wealthy people tend to show off their power  and gorgeousness and who the owner is. However, for Gatsby, instead of showing himself off, almost nobody knew who Gatsby is. It suggests his purpose of holding party is not showing off his wealth to the society or the majority of people. To find out his genuine purpose there aren't enough knowledge yet so I will see it afterwards.

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Why was nick so fascinated with Jordan's dishonesty?
-Throughout the chapter Jordan and Nick have completely opposing personalities, where Nick is judgmental and naive while Jordan is dishonest yet upfront; she is charming in her own way. Jordan's personality catches Nick's attention for many reasons, one being that it is very different from his own; this explains why Nick tends to follow Jordan around as to try things her way.
Quote: “The bored haughty face that she turned to the world concealed something"

What did Nick see in Gatsby?
-Nick finds Gatsby mysterious and genuine, mainly because he is the opposite of what one would imagine him to be; he is young, charming, kind and quite understanding in nature. Nick's feelings about Gatsby are not stable throughout the chapter for he sees him as an extraordinary figure yet he can recognize some of his flaws.
Quote: "He smiled understandingly—much more than understandingly. It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life. It faced—or seemed to face—the whole external world for an instant, and then concentrated on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor. It understood you just so far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you as you would like to believe in yourself and assured you that it had precisely the impression of you that, at your best, you hoped to convey. Precisely at that point it vanished—and I was looking at an elegant young rough-neck, a year or two over thirty, whose elaborate formality of speech just missed being absurd. Some time before he introduced himself I'd got a strong impression that he was picking his words with care."

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What does Nick consider his cardinal virtue to be?

-  Cardinal virtue: Honesty

- Nick is untrustworthy - claims to be observant and objective - ties down to his empty, broken shell of a man

- calls Jordan a cheat and a shirker

- Gatsby represents innocence and truth

- Daisy described as a consummate performer

- Ironic how he claims he’s ‘reserve(d) to all judgements

Theme of Honest Vs Dishonesty

- Gatsby portrayed to be a honest man; au contraire being a fraud and everything that stands for a dishonest man that is trying hard to hide the past

- his undying love for Daisy represents his untainted heart despite his past

- Tom is very honest about his affair with Myrtle

This shows how being truthful does not always mean you have good intentions.

Other values portrayed by Gatsby such as loyalty are seen as virtuous

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What does Gatsby's elaborate parties indicate?

Gatsby’s parties are the embodies anonymity and meaningless excess. this is shown where his guests treat his house as public, or a commercial space rather than a private home. This is demonstrates the theme of  vulgarity of new money. Simply to put, Tom and Daisy, or Nick for that matter will never be capable of throwing a party like this. The random and meaningless indulgence of his parties further emphasises Gatsby's isolation from true friends. Jordan later then mentions that large parties are great because they provide privacy/intimacy, however Gatsby stands alone in a sea of strangers having their own intimate moments. This shows the contrast between Gatsby's idea of "intimacy/privacy" compared so someone else who is not as "well off" as him"
Quote:
"Sometimes they came and went without having met Gatsby at all, came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was its own ticket of admission."

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Why did Tom get physical with Myrtle?

We already know that Tom is a very aggressive man based on the way he was perceived in the first chapter. This may indicate that he had a very dark childhood because according to Nick, he has been this way ever since they were in college together. However it may also indicate that he is very unhappy with his marriage and feels like he can take advantage of Daisy and the fact that she is extremely oblivious. In the first chapter he was just perceived as a very aggressive man, however in the second chapter Tom’s description came to light after showing his true colours by getting quite intoxicated and getting physical with his mistress.

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Why did the author introduce Tom in a very aggressive manner?

The author gets into great detail to describe the moment Nick first saw Tom, and the way he describes Tom is in a very aggressive manner. I believe it was rightfully done so to insinuate the deep and powerful energy that Tom carries within him. Tom believes that he is more superior than others, especially after he explains a book about white supremacy that he has recently read. Nick remembers him as a very aggressive man while they were in college together, and somehow many years later that is exactly the same vibe that he received from Tom. The author describes the very small details about Tom that can clearly give the reader an impression about him, such as “two shining arrogant eyes had establishment dominance over his face and gave him the appearance of always leaning aggressively forward.” The author then proceeds to describe that every single feature, bone, and personality trait of Tom emits a possessive nature and anger. An example to this, “His speaking voice, a gruff husky tenor, added to the impression of fractiousness he conveyed.”

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How are Toms actions being more and more obvious and eminent?
As seen in chapter 1 it is not clearly shown and only suggested that Tom was abusive, the pattern of abuse is suggested through the way Daisy describes her bruise and through Daisy's manner of actions. The said abuse is then brought into full view in chapter 2 where it is clearly shown an acted out when in anger he punched Myrtle and broke her noise. The violence shown here towards women in general supports and confirms my suspicions in chapter 1 that Tom is indeed an abusive and possessive man as seen by the way he uses his strength and words to control both Daisy and Myrtle.

Quotes : " Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand. Then there were bloody towels upon the bath-room floor, and women's voices scolding. and high over the confusion a long broken wail of pain'

Why was Doctor T.J .Eckleburg so carefully described in the beginning of chapter 2?
Eckleburg is used as a personified version of the segregation between the rich and the poor. The eyes of eckleburg and there because someone from the rich part of the town had put the sign of him up behind a conventional area of the town and thus in between the lands of the rich and the poor, but the deterioration of his eyes and the physical appearance of him suggests that even though the rich are the ones that put him there eventually the harm and damage the rich has caused to the poor manifests onto his physical appearance. the ' valley of ashes' could also represent the poor region of the town and Eckleburg being the only 'line of defence' between the rich and the poor therefor as to why he looks a battered and beaten down.

Quote : " Evidently some wild wag of an oculist set them there to fatten his practice in the borough of Queens, and then sank down himself into eternal blindness, or forgot them and moved away. But his eyes, dimmed a little by many paint less days, under the sun and rain, brood on over the solemn dumping ground. "

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What is Tom’s attitude and behaviour towards woman and is it consistent with both Daisy and Myrtle? And why, according to Catherine, has Tom not left Daisy to marry Myrtle?

Tom having an affair and breaking his mistresses nose shows that Tom is short tempered and does not have any real love for either woman. The scene in which Tom breaks Myrtle’s nose shows that he is physically abusive towards her and his attitude towards Daisy may show that he is verbally abusive towards her. Him having an affair shows that he is an egoistic and dishonest character. Catherine (Myrtle’s sister) explains that Tom did not divorce Daisy because she was a catholic and she did not believe in divorce however, Nick did not think Daisy was a catholic. The reason for not having a divorce may be due to his status and needing to “play a certain part” as someone in that social class.

QUOTE: “Making a short de movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand.” and “Don’t believe in divorce”

What does the ‘valley of ashes’ represent and how is it described?
Between West Egg and New York City consists of a long stretch of desolate land created by the dumping of industrial ashes, railroads and small houses. On a symbolic level it may represent the absolute poverty and hopelessness of the residence in that area.
QUOTE: “This is a Valley of Ashes—a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke”

What does the Eyes of Doctor T. J. Eckleburg represent?
The eyes of Doctor T. J. Eckleburg are a pair of fading, bespectacled eyes painted on an old advertising billboard over the valley of ashes. It could represent God staring down and judging the American society as a moral wasteland.
QUOTE: But above the gray land and the spasms of bleak dust which drift endlessly over it, you perceive, after a moment, the eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg. The eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg are blue and gigantic. . . . But his eyes, dimmed a little by many paintless days under the sun and rain, brood on over the solemn dumping ground.

Describe George B. Wilson and Myrtle's character and why they are important?
Myrtle’s affair with Tom may suggest the loveless marriage between her and Mr Wilson. Her affair with Tom despite the jealousy she feels for Daisy and Tom’s issues, it may suggest that she is desperately trying to improve her lifestyle. Mr Wilson is a listless, impoverished man whos is very much in love with his wife despite Myrtle's affair with Tom. They are important as they represent the American dream

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Why was Tom being described in the way he was?
The start of chapter one Tom has been set out to be a brute man with abusive hinted tendencies and quirky actions. He gives off the persona of the typical rich possessive white male, the way the book describes first his physical appearance then to the way his voice sounds and furthermore to the way he speaks and acts especially towards daisy suggests that he is more than what he seems and portrays on the outside.
Quote : " Two shinning arrogant eyes had established dominance over his face and gave him the appearance of always leaning aggressively forward"....."it was a body capable of enormous leverage - a cruel body"

What sort of first impressions did Daisy give of in Chapter 1 from the way she was described?
Daisy is being described as if her actions are erratic and almost schizophrenic like, suggesting the latter part of where the author is suggesting and hinting that Tom, her husband might be both mentally and physically abusing her. It also evokes the imagery of Daisy being lovely and fragile with the terms used to describe her voice, her smile and even the sound of her laughter. Hence enticing the readers into feeling for Daisy when she stated that Tom had bruised her finger and evoking the feelings of empathy and pity for Daisy and anger towards Tom

Quote : "  Daisy took her face in her hands as if feeling its lovely shape and her eyes gradually moved out into the velvet dusk. i saw that turbulent emotions possessed he,.... " The instant her voice broke off, ceasing to compel my attention, my belief, i felt the basic insincerity of what she had said. it made me uneasy, as though the whole evening had been a trick of some sort to exact a contributory emotion from me. i waited and sure enough, in a moment she looked at me with an absolute smirk on her lovely face, as if she had asserted her membership in a rather distinguished secret society in which she and Tom belonged"

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What was Gatsby doing when Nick first saw him?

Jay Gatsby was looking across the water and reaching out to a green light. The green light could represent a dream or hope that Gatsby is trying to reach and the sea between Gatsby and the green light may represent the obstacles that Gatsby has to face in order for him to reach his goal. Gatsby was also in the darkness and when disappeared shortly after. This may suggest that Gatsby is a mysterious character and is hiding his true self.

QUOTE: “he was content to be alone—he stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way, and far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling.”

How does Nick carraway describe himself in the beginning of the book and what type of narrator will he be?
Nick describes himself as an open-minded person however as the chapter continues, Nick continuously criticise other characters from the book. He voices his own opinions and this contradicts his point on “reserving all judgements”. Due to this, we can deduce that Nick may be an unreliable narrator and therefore we should not trust his memory and view point in most situations.

QUOTE: “I’m inclined to reserve all judgements, a habit that has opened up many curious natures to me and also made me the victim of not a few veteran bores.”

How is Tom Buchanan’s character described as?

Tom Buchanan is described by Nick as brawny and a descendent of a wealthy family. The introduction to this character shows a certain type of class in that era. Tom has been living on old money and he represents that of the upper class.

QUOTES: “His family were enormously wealthy” and “among various physical accomplishments, had been one of the most powerful ends that ever played football at New Haven”

What is the difference between the East and West egg?

The East and West egg in the book both describe different classes of wealth in the city. The residents in the city both acquire wealth differently and the West egg represents people of new money while the East egg represents people of old money. The contrast of the two cities can be shown through the types of houses in each area. In the East egg, the houses in which the established wealthy live are old and classic and the houses in the West egg are mostly “european inspired mansions”. The houses represent the stability and the residences wealth. The houses in the West egg are more new which shows that wealth of the residence are current while the East egg houses are much older and has been in place for years and could suggest the stability the residence has.

QUOTE: “the less fashionable of the two, though this is a most superficial tag to express the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast between them” and “white palaces of fashionable East Egg glittered along the water”