# data[].attributes.headline
"It is certainly true that some teacher enter a teacher education program with impressive instructional skills, yet training and practice is what is needed to transform a strong teacher into a gifted one" (pg 16).

# data[].attributes.subject
"It is certainly true that some teacher enter a teacher education program with impressive instructional skills, yet training and practice is what is needed to transform a strong teacher into a gifted one" (pg 16).

# data[].attributes.body
This is necessary to understand when taking on a teacher role, its more than just instruction. For example, one wont be able to teach one single way for many years. You have to get to know your students, get the vibe of your classroom, accommodate those who need it and be as effective as possible. This then means training is needed to shape teachers from strong to gifted so they can continue to have a great impact on students lives. The more practice and training the more one can help spread knowledge to as many students who cross their path.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Teaching is a complex work that cannot be fully mastered in the short period of teacher education. Like doctors, lawyers, engineers, and architects, you will continue to learn on the job" (pg 19).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Teaching is a complex work that cannot be fully mastered in the short period of teacher education. Like doctors, lawyers, engineers, and architects, you will continue to learn on the job" (pg 19).

# data[].attributes.body
Teachers deserve way more empathy because the training they get isn't so great and their put on the spot with a class after a few days of intense work with their higher up. Meanwhile, being a doctor or lawyer your not put up against anything if you haven't mastered or pretty close to expectations held for you. Therefore, teaching is complex and something that is mastered over time.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Many teachers feel that the satisfaction they realize inside the classroom is too often jeopardized by forces beyond the classroom: politicians mandating numerous standardized tests, demanding parents offering little support, and textbook publishers or state officials deciding what should be taught and what topics are off-limits to teachers. Teachers desire more autonomy and control over their careers and, like all of us, want to be treated with more respect" (pg 9).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Many teachers feel that the satisfaction they realize inside the classroom is too often jeopardized by forces beyond the classroom: politicians mandating numerous standardized tests, demanding parents offering little support, and textbook publishers or state officials deciding what should be taught and what topics are off-limits to teachers. Teachers desire more autonomy and control over their careers and, like all of us, want to be treated with more respect" (pg 9).

# data[].attributes.body
Teachers feel their classrooms are strict due to the fact they are pressed with so many requirements from their higher ups. The freedom that they desire they do not have because of all the work they have to get done no matter what. Teachers should definitely have some control over their career so we should respect them and how much they have to manage just like any other hardworking person.

# data[].attributes.headline
" Growth mindset, on the other hand, suggests that rather than being fixed at birth, intelligence can be developed through life, if we exert effort. But here’s the key: which view you hold about intelligence affects how you go about learning" (pg 27 ).

# data[].attributes.subject
" Growth mindset, on the other hand, suggests that rather than being fixed at birth, intelligence can be developed through life, if we exert effort. But here’s the key: which view you hold about intelligence affects how you go about learning" (pg 27 ).

# data[].attributes.body
Basically everyone has their own growth mindset referring to how intelligence is given . Which is you're either born with it or makes the effort to develop it throughout life . The key is how people act upon that . Is that going to be motivation for those who actually need to put in work to be intelligent and successful ? Are the kids who are born with intelligence still going to make the effort to know more and want to gain even more knowledge.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Many educators believe that students have different learning styles—diverse ways of learning, comprehending, and using information. Intriguing research suggests that learning styles may be as unique as handwriting" (pg 33 ).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Many educators believe that students have different learning styles—diverse ways of learning, comprehending, and using information. Intriguing research suggests that learning styles may be as unique as handwriting" (pg 33 ).

# data[].attributes.body
All learning styles must be unique as handwriting was the statement that stood out to me most due to the fact that one cannot believe all students learn the same. It's going to take different strategies, activities, and accommodations to fulfill the need of every student. Learning styles are so important because the purpose is to make sure your way to teach the curriculum is actually effective to the children and gains them knowledge. Diverse ways give students the opportunities to learn in many different ways.

# data[].attributes.headline
" Parents provided more math-supportive environments for their sons than for their daughters, including buying more math and science toys. Parents, and dads especially, held more positive perceptions of their son’s math abilities than of their daughters" (pg 36).

# data[].attributes.subject
" Parents provided more math-supportive environments for their sons than for their daughters, including buying more math and science toys. Parents, and dads especially, held more positive perceptions of their son’s math abilities than of their daughters" (pg 36).

# data[].attributes.body
I think that parents need to stop narrowing down their children capabilities but instead encourage to feel like they can do anything. To say boys should be rewarded if their capable of completing science and math. Is to basically degrade the amount of things their capable of doing. Which is not true any child is capable of developing knowledge from certain subjects. Parents should not hold more positive perception for their boys if their doing work at the bare minimum. If we're going to do that then girls should get the same recognition every time.

# data[].attributes.headline
"The transitional approach uses the native language as a bridge to English language instruction. Academic subjects are first taught using the native language, but progressively students transition to English, their new language" (pg 60)

# data[].attributes.subject
"The transitional approach uses the native language as a bridge to English language instruction. Academic subjects are first taught using the native language, but progressively students transition to English, their new language" (pg 60)

# data[].attributes.body
The traditional approach gives students the oppourtunity to gradually have the time to catch up. This is helpful because the kids are not just thrown in expecting to learn that way. There are programs to support them and with those benefits they will excel.

# data[].attributes.headline
" English as a Second Language (ESL) supplements immersion programs by providing special pullout classes for additional instruction in reading and writing English. The goal is to assimilate learners into the English language as quickly as possible. ESL instruction may work well for students highly motivated to be part of a mainstreamed English-only classroom" (pg 60).

# data[].attributes.subject
" English as a Second Language (ESL) supplements immersion programs by providing special pullout classes for additional instruction in reading and writing English. The goal is to assimilate learners into the English language as quickly as possible. ESL instruction may work well for students highly motivated to be part of a mainstreamed English-only classroom" (pg 60).

# data[].attributes.body
ESL learners are supported in school and they get the additional help they need. This is beneficial for them due to them getting the chance to get extra attention so they will feel motivated to excel. It can be challenging being around a room full of fluent speaking English learners while its just your second language. So providing the special programs and additional instruction is necessary.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Studies show that participating in class discussions, getting the opportunity to excel, and feeling that their schoolwork matters makes for an engaging education experience, regardless of the grade or age of students.Perhaps the challenge new teachers should keep before them is finding a way to turn their gatekeeping role into a benefit for students, instead of a hindrance" (pg 87).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Studies show that participating in class discussions, getting the opportunity to excel, and feeling that their schoolwork matters makes for an engaging education experience, regardless of the grade or age of students.Perhaps the challenge new teachers should keep before them is finding a way to turn their gatekeeping role into a benefit for students, instead of a hindrance" (pg 87).

# data[].attributes.body
I think it is important for teachers to be motivators instead of punishers, in order for students to feel that their work is accepted. Im a firm believer that the grades should reflect the hard work that they put into the course. This leads to a more engaging education experience because students are enjoying the curriculum, doing the work, and getting feedback to improve and expand their thinking.

# data[].attributes.headline
" Kids develop at their own rates; what’s important is how you are personalizing that environment for them.” What do students believe is important to support their success in middle school? Five characteristics top their list:Recognition for academic success, having the opportunity to do well, homework that is meaningful, a best friend at school for feeling safe at school" (pg 93).

# data[].attributes.subject
" Kids develop at their own rates; what’s important is how you are personalizing that environment for them.” What do students believe is important to support their success in middle school? Five characteristics top their list:Recognition for academic success, having the opportunity to do well, homework that is meaningful, a best friend at school for feeling safe at school" (pg 93).

# data[].attributes.body
Kids move at their own speed and we should not force them to develop at a pace their not ready for. A teacher's main responsibility should be creating a supportive personalized environment so that everyone's needs are being put into consideration. This is important so students feel comfortable to learn and enjoy doing well in school because its meaningful and helpful for them.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Students unequivocally had more positive things to say about being a boy than about being a girl. Male advantages focused on physical and athletic prowess, underscoring the central role physicality plays for boys. Students also noted that boys are listened to more, are naturally smarter, are allowed to do more, have the dominant role in marriage, and receive greater respect. Yet middle school boys face challenges, too. When asked to describe the worst thing about being a boy, behavioral aggression and discipline topped the list, followed by poor grades and homophobia" (pg 94).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Students unequivocally had more positive things to say about being a boy than about being a girl. Male advantages focused on physical and athletic prowess, underscoring the central role physicality plays for boys. Students also noted that boys are listened to more, are naturally smarter, are allowed to do more, have the dominant role in marriage, and receive greater respect. Yet middle school boys face challenges, too. When asked to describe the worst thing about being a boy, behavioral aggression and discipline topped the list, followed by poor grades and homophobia" (pg 94).

# data[].attributes.body
Being a female I noticed this has been the normal thing to say for a while. But I believe its fair to say if society was not biased from the start than no one would be able to say its more fun to be a boy then a girl. Due to society favoring boys and making things easier for them is why they have the gateway open to fail classes, being the dominant one in a relationship, or even receive more respect while go through hardships, pressure in classes, changes in their body etc. Little things that are not fair to establish as a man trait because woman can feel and act the same. For example, saying things like math is hard for boys. No anyone is capable of anything. Therefore, parents, teachers and society should lean more towards not having so much low standards for men but then turn around and speak of them so highly or give them so much powerful positions in society. Basically everything should be earned because the bias between males and females are ridiculous.

# data[].attributes.headline
" Each student is from a cultural, an ethnic, a racial, or some other group, bringing to your class a rich history and different learning preferences. It is important to keep in mind that each student is an individual and that any generalizations you make initially may change over time" (pg 77).

# data[].attributes.subject
" Each student is from a cultural, an ethnic, a racial, or some other group, bringing to your class a rich history and different learning preferences. It is important to keep in mind that each student is an individual and that any generalizations you make initially may change over time" (pg 77).

# data[].attributes.body
Teacher will have a lot of students to teach in their years and they will all be different. This meaning all teachers should stay open minded and keep the purpose of why their teaching in mind. The goal is for all students to get an education so they can have knowledge to be involved in the world. Therefore, the best way to do this is making every student feel comfortable so their open to learning and participating in the classroom.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Home instruction eventually became more specialized, and some women began to devote their time to teaching, converting their homes into schools. These “dames” taught reading, writing, and computation, and their homes became known as dame schools. A “dame,” or well-respected woman with an interest in education, became the community’s teacher" (pg 115)

# data[].attributes.subject
"Home instruction eventually became more specialized, and some women began to devote their time to teaching, converting their homes into schools. These “dames” taught reading, writing, and computation, and their homes became known as dame schools. A “dame,” or well-respected woman with an interest in education, became the community’s teacher" (pg 115)

# data[].attributes.body
Home instruction became more specialized because some people understood the deeper meaning behind education and they knew they wanted their children to gain literacy. Dames were homes of community teachers who out the kindness of their heart took interest in education and wanted to teach children in their neighborhood. Women devoted their time into these kids and taught them the basics like any other school would. Even though, everything is not taught, technology is not there, and their is no strict curriculum the effort put behind teaching children how to read and write never goes unnoticed. Dame schools were beneficial to the students in that era.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Blacks, in America since 1619, and Native Americans were typically denied educational opportunities. In rare cases, religious groups, such as the Quakers, created special schools for children of color. But those were the exceptions. Girls did not fare much better. After they had learned the rudiments of reading and writing, girls were taught the tasks related to their future roles as mother and wife" (pg 116)

# data[].attributes.subject
"Blacks, in America since 1619, and Native Americans were typically denied educational opportunities. In rare cases, religious groups, such as the Quakers, created special schools for children of color. But those were the exceptions. Girls did not fare much better. After they had learned the rudiments of reading and writing, girls were taught the tasks related to their future roles as mother and wife" (pg 116)

# data[].attributes.body
Education is important and we should not take it for granted. We did not have these opportunities before so how far we come should not go unnoticed. Imagine women today really being told instead of getting a solid fair education your going to be taught the task related to their future roles which were not jibs by the way. Being a mother and wife is not literally a job is just a duty and set of responsibilities you take care of. Not getting payed then not a job. I'm grateful that someone is not controlling my career path we should all be grateful is my overall point.

# data[].attributes.headline
"For almost two centuries, girls were barred from America’s schools. Although a woman gave the first plot of ground for a free school in New England, female children were not allowed to attend the school. In 1687, the town council of Farmington, Connecticut, voted money for a school “where all children shall learn to read and write English.” However, the council quickly qualified that statement by explaining that “all children” meant “all males" (pg 140).

# data[].attributes.subject
"For almost two centuries, girls were barred from America’s schools. Although a woman gave the first plot of ground for a free school in New England, female children were not allowed to attend the school. In 1687, the town council of Farmington, Connecticut, voted money for a school “where all children shall learn to read and write English.” However, the council quickly qualified that statement by explaining that “all children” meant “all males" (pg 140).

# data[].attributes.body
During American history women had many hardships. I recently learned that a female was the first to give a plot of ground for a free school yet females are not welcome. That makes absolute no sense and I cant understand why people were so ignorant back then. In conclusion , it's disappointing to know the town is voting for a school were all students can be taught how to read and write and their being ignored and their children are being discriminated against.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Essentialist teachers rely on achievement test scores to evaluate progress. Essentialists expect that students will leave school possessing not only basic skills and an extensive body of knowledge but also disciplined, practical minds, capable of applying schoolhouse lessons in the real world" (pg 156).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Essentialist teachers rely on achievement test scores to evaluate progress. Essentialists expect that students will leave school possessing not only basic skills and an extensive body of knowledge but also disciplined, practical minds, capable of applying schoolhouse lessons in the real world" (pg 156).

# data[].attributes.body
Essentialist teachers are the most effective with their strategies and how the classroom is ran. Student test scores is proof if a teacher is benefiting their students or wasting their time. It goes both ways which is sometimes forgotten. In order for the student to make progress an effective teacher s necessary. This meaning planning meaningful lessons and activities so results are not disappointing when the test come around. Therefore, essentialist teachers have the best teaching styles and methods and it shows through the enthusiasm teachers have about their students applying schoolhouse lessons in the real world.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Socrates’ method did not just promote intellectual insights in his students; it also challenged the conventional ideas and traditions of his time. Socrates offended many powerful people and was eventually charged with corrupting the youth of Athens" (pg 174).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Socrates’ method did not just promote intellectual insights in his students; it also challenged the conventional ideas and traditions of his time. Socrates offended many powerful people and was eventually charged with corrupting the youth of Athens" (pg 174).

# data[].attributes.body
Socrates was seen as a threat because his method of thinking was different and unique. That's why people thought he was corrupting the youth but in all actuality he just promoted critical thinking and intellectual insights. By him doing these things he saw potential behind his students and he realized that their reasoning behind their thoughts are very imperative. Due to all his different ideas he made a long lasting impact on many people because his name is still known today.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Teachers can make an enormous difference as well. Teaching media literacy empowers children to understand and confront the market messages that manipulate them. Classrooms can be places where children discuss the underlying values implicit in consumerism and its impact on the planet and themselves" (pg 194).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Teachers can make an enormous difference as well. Teaching media literacy empowers children to understand and confront the market messages that manipulate them. Classrooms can be places where children discuss the underlying values implicit in consumerism and its impact on the planet and themselves" (pg 194).

# data[].attributes.body
Media literacy put students in a real world real life position and that is what kids tend to be more interested in. Topics that relate to our everyday lives grasps our attention than other subjects because we may be able to apply that to what we do in the future. With that being said, teachers can make a big difference discussing real life problems and prepping students for the real world and that carries over well after the student graduates.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Despite the growing concern over legal issues, many educators are still unaware of their basic legal rights and responsibilities. This can be a costly professional blind spot. What rights do you have in the classroom? " (pg 213 ).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Despite the growing concern over legal issues, many educators are still unaware of their basic legal rights and responsibilities. This can be a costly professional blind spot. What rights do you have in the classroom? " (pg 213 ).

# data[].attributes.body
The first thing teachers should know before stepping foot in a classroom is their responsibilities. Very critical that they know this because this is why some students are not getting the proper education due to the slack of teachers not knowing everything thing they are responsible for. It really is way more deeper than teaching a curriculum. Its deeper than teaching a lesson teachers need to be educated on what they can and cannot do in a classroom also what their completely responsible for achieving.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Not too long ago, school districts regularly considered marital and parenthood status in employment decisions. For women these were critical factors in being offered a job, and the “right” answer was: “No, I am not going to get married or have children.” For male candidates, the question was less important and rarely asked. Now a variety of federal and state laws and court decisions make such inquiries illegal. Interview questions must be related to the job requirements. Questions about race, creed, marital status, sex, religion, age, national origin, and physical or other disabilities and even a request for photographs along with an application are generally illegal" (214).

# data[].attributes.subject
"Not too long ago, school districts regularly considered marital and parenthood status in employment decisions. For women these were critical factors in being offered a job, and the “right” answer was: “No, I am not going to get married or have children.” For male candidates, the question was less important and rarely asked. Now a variety of federal and state laws and court decisions make such inquiries illegal. Interview questions must be related to the job requirements. Questions about race, creed, marital status, sex, religion, age, national origin, and physical or other disabilities and even a request for photographs along with an application are generally illegal" (214).

# data[].attributes.body
I never knew this and so it was a shocked to me when I read that the "right" answer was to not be married or have children. Discriminating against certain people is so unfair and people are more than capable of managing a job even if they have other responsibilities such as being a mother or wife. It was very important that applications like so are illegal now because certain background does not matter at all such as race, gender, or marital status. Therefore, you can also avoid male and female bias as well.

# data[].attributes.headline
"A teacher’s freedom of speech often involves gray areas and may not always come out in the teacher’s favor. Can a teacher wear a political button in the classroom? During the 2008 presidential campaign, many New York City public school teachers wore buttons to school in support of their candidate. Critics argued that the buttons created an environment of intimidation and hostility toward students who did not share their teacher’s opinion" (pg 220).

# data[].attributes.subject
"A teacher’s freedom of speech often involves gray areas and may not always come out in the teacher’s favor. Can a teacher wear a political button in the classroom? During the 2008 presidential campaign, many New York City public school teachers wore buttons to school in support of their candidate. Critics argued that the buttons created an environment of intimidation and hostility toward students who did not share their teacher’s opinion" (pg 220).

# data[].attributes.body
Teachers have to filter their opinion and views about certain things because they teach kids. Not only that they don't need to be biased about certain things nor do they want to place any negative thoughts in students heads. So the career path they chose depends upon a person who can keep their inner thoughts to themselves because we still need to make the space for students a safe environment.

# data[].attributes.headline
" Schools are often ranked by their students’ standardized test scores, as the testing culture persists. Teachers find that student test scores can influence their pay and careers, while tenure itself has become more difficult to obtain, or retain. But there is a growing negative reaction to too many tests" (pg 196).

# data[].attributes.subject
" Schools are often ranked by their students’ standardized test scores, as the testing culture persists. Teachers find that student test scores can influence their pay and careers, while tenure itself has become more difficult to obtain, or retain. But there is a growing negative reaction to too many tests" (pg 196).

# data[].attributes.body
Teachers are often under pressure to make sure that they are able to teach the whole curriculum to their students and to have them understand the work. If students are not performing well on test and are frequently failing then that may fall on the teachers teaching skills. Usually, most teachers give quizzes and tests after every chapter but some assign quizzes every week just to make sure that their students understand what they're learning. Which may also add stress and anxiety to the students who have struggles with tests.

# data[].attributes.headline
" The Department of Education estimates that tens of thousands of schools need major repairs, repairs that range from $279 billion to $500 billion. In a nationwide survey of elementary and secondary public school  197 principals, more than 40 percent reported that poor building conditions were impairing teacher instruction and student learning" (pg 197).

# data[].attributes.subject
" The Department of Education estimates that tens of thousands of schools need major repairs, repairs that range from $279 billion to $500 billion. In a nationwide survey of elementary and secondary public school  197 principals, more than 40 percent reported that poor building conditions were impairing teacher instruction and student learning" (pg 197).

# data[].attributes.body
Schools are very costly, I understand that. But, by no means is it okay for a classroom to be so destroyed that its impairing with teachers instruction. Most importantly student learning because parents send their kids to school so their child can receive the best education possible. In addition, while it is still at 40 percent and not anything dramatic its still important that this number does not increase. Therefore, unnecessary schools do not need to be around if we're already spending billions of dollars on repairs because only schools that's bringing back good results, effective, and running well should be open honestly.

# data[].attributes.headline
" We must help disadvantaged peoples learn to read, act collectively, and improve their living conditions, even if it means taking on current social norms. We should also educate privileged students to be allies with the dispossessed and build a better, more equitable society." (pg 246).

# data[].attributes.subject
" We must help disadvantaged peoples learn to read, act collectively, and improve their living conditions, even if it means taking on current social norms. We should also educate privileged students to be allies with the dispossessed and build a better, more equitable society." (pg 246).

# data[].attributes.body
Start early teaching kids to not be judgmental. Its essential so if a child comes across someone different their not disrespectful. We must get better with not leaving out the disadvantage people and push them to be more involved with kids in their age group because their not completely incapable they can still learn and receive knowledge from their peers. This will encourage a more equitable society and it will be more filled with love than discrimination.

# data[].attributes.headline
"By their nature, charter schools face some different economic and academic pressures than neighborhood public schools. Most income comes from per-pupil funding, so charters must often find additional ways to pay for unique programs and goals. And, since it’s easier to close under-performing charter schools, their leaders can be under intense pressure to meet academic goals (usually measured by standardized tests). But some states that favor charter schools continue to support them even if their performance is weak" (pg 252).

# data[].attributes.subject
"By their nature, charter schools face some different economic and academic pressures than neighborhood public schools. Most income comes from per-pupil funding, so charters must often find additional ways to pay for unique programs and goals. And, since it’s easier to close under-performing charter schools, their leaders can be under intense pressure to meet academic goals (usually measured by standardized tests). But some states that favor charter schools continue to support them even if their performance is weak" (pg 252).

# data[].attributes.body
People may be under the impression that charter schools are favored and they get more attention then regular public schools. Wrong, their under just as much pressure and can be shut down at anytime if their performance is weak. The government won't fund anything that is not bringing back good standing academic goals, passing test results and more. Charter schools have many goals and unique programs to benefit students so it can not be easy coming up with all the money for it and making sure its actually effective.

# data[].attributes.headline
"During his years as principal of John F. Kennedy, Mastruzzi’s leadership style has been collaborative, actively seeking faculty participation. He wants and expects his staff to participate in decision making. He encourages them to try new things, and use their right to fail. He sees failure as an opportunity for change" (pg 264).

# data[].attributes.subject
"During his years as principal of John F. Kennedy, Mastruzzi’s leadership style has been collaborative, actively seeking faculty participation. He wants and expects his staff to participate in decision making. He encourages them to try new things, and use their right to fail. He sees failure as an opportunity for change" (pg 264).

# data[].attributes.body
Having his faculty involved was very resourceful. Why not use the staff for feedback, who knows the students better than the staff that teaches them and sees their growth and weaknesses. By seeking collaborative participation demonstrates this principal really wants to benefit the students in his school the best way possible. This is illustrated through the effort he takes to continue to encourage his staff to keep changing it up with their teaching styles so its helpful to the students instead of time being wasted and students not gaining knowledge.

# data[].attributes.headline
"High school seniors involved in school activities are less likely to cut class, three times as likely to have a GPA of 3.0 or higher, and more likely to attend college when compared to students not involved in school activities. Advocates see these activities as so important that they refer to them not as the extra-curriculum but as the co-curriculum, and believe that their value goes far beyond the high school years" (pg 281 ). 

# data[].attributes.subject
"High school seniors involved in school activities are less likely to cut class, three times as likely to have a GPA of 3.0 or higher, and more likely to attend college when compared to students not involved in school activities. Advocates see these activities as so important that they refer to them not as the extra-curriculum but as the co-curriculum, and believe that their value goes far beyond the high school years" (pg 281 ). 

# data[].attributes.body
Its good that activities are valued just as much as academics because they both are important to students and thats proven in the statics. A large group of people see school as strictly being the place to learn and if its all about work kids will get overwhelmed. Schools would not be fun and students need to be driven back to something . Activities are their stress reliever and it makes school easier to get through.

# data[].attributes.headline
"To address these problems, governors and other leaders from 48 states, two territories, and the District of Columbia met in 2009 to develop a single set of Common Core State Standards for curriculum in all states. Many educators and policymakers cheered: “About time!” Usually referred to as the Common Core, the standards aim to ensure that all students, regardless of where they live, will graduate from high school with “a consistent, clear understanding" of the key concepts and skills they need. But sometimes good ideas go awy, and the Common Core has become a disappointing national controversy " (pg 288).

# data[].attributes.subject
"To address these problems, governors and other leaders from 48 states, two territories, and the District of Columbia met in 2009 to develop a single set of Common Core State Standards for curriculum in all states. Many educators and policymakers cheered: “About time!” Usually referred to as the Common Core, the standards aim to ensure that all students, regardless of where they live, will graduate from high school with “a consistent, clear understanding" of the key concepts and skills they need. But sometimes good ideas go awy, and the Common Core has become a disappointing national controversy " (pg 288).

# data[].attributes.body
Common Core is complicated. It is such a problem that kids can not get help from their parents as much as they could in the past because its designed so difficult adults do not even fully grasp the concept. It is really the long way of deeply explaining thoughts and demonstrating your critical thinking with this being any subject.

# data[].attributes.headline
"In addition to tracking students’ progress through test scores, policymakers use those same scores to evaluate teachers’ performance. Find the teachers generating the most (and the least) year-to-year improvement to a student’s test results, and (so the theory goes) bingo, states and school districts can readily determine which teachers and schools to reward, and which to penalize" (pg 295).

# data[].attributes.subject
"In addition to tracking students’ progress through test scores, policymakers use those same scores to evaluate teachers’ performance. Find the teachers generating the most (and the least) year-to-year improvement to a student’s test results, and (so the theory goes) bingo, states and school districts can readily determine which teachers and schools to reward, and which to penalize" (pg 295).

# data[].attributes.body
I think its a great process they have set up were students test scores evaluate teachers improvement. I firmly believe test results show how effective teacher is even though their will be cases were students just flunk a class because their not putting in the effort and doing the work. But if majority of the class is not passing or test results are showing red I will absolute penalize the teacher. School distr5icts should be on top of what teachers they are keeping in the school because they desire effective teachers. Not ones who won't benefit their students being there because their not learning anything.

# data[].attributes.headline
"Some individuals are naturally gifted teachers. Their classrooms are dazzlingly alive. Students are motivated and excited, and their enthusiasm translates into academic achievement. For these truly talented educators, teaching seems to be pure art or magic. But behind even the most brilliant teaching performance, there is usually well-practiced skill at work. Look again at those brief descriptions of favorite teachers: Each of them used proven skills—structure, motivation, clarity, high expectations, and effective questioning" (pg 309). 

# data[].attributes.subject
"Some individuals are naturally gifted teachers. Their classrooms are dazzlingly alive. Students are motivated and excited, and their enthusiasm translates into academic achievement. For these truly talented educators, teaching seems to be pure art or magic. But behind even the most brilliant teaching performance, there is usually well-practiced skill at work. Look again at those brief descriptions of favorite teachers: Each of them used proven skills—structure, motivation, clarity, high expectations, and effective questioning" (pg 309). 

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My favorite teacher was Mr Roberson in the 8th grade. He was my favorite because he was funny , had a lot of energy, and was very involved. He made me realize my potential at a young age while I was lazy. Therefore, I was an engaging student and was able to execute his aim to educate his students. This goes beyond him being a brilliant teacher because his well practiced authentic teaching skills will continue to have a long lasting impact on students lives.

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"In a classroom using cooperative learning, students work on activities in small, heterogeneous groups, and they often receive rewards or recognition based on the overall group performance. Although cooperative learning can be traced back to the 1920's, it seems startling or new because the typical classroom environment is frequently competitive" (pg 332).

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"In a classroom using cooperative learning, students work on activities in small, heterogeneous groups, and they often receive rewards or recognition based on the overall group performance. Although cooperative learning can be traced back to the 1920's, it seems startling or new because the typical classroom environment is frequently competitive" (pg 332).

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Parents spark the thought in their children head that they have to be number one so it motivates them to do we'll in school. This creates competition in the classroom and everyone excited or driven to do the best they can. Cooperative learning would be new for some students because you have to work collectively with multiple people to receive one group grade. Therefore, this can be startling due to it being a new feeling but hearing other ideas and being able to collaboratively work with other people is important as well.

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"Teaching is hard. Often confronted by too many students, a schedule without breaks, a pile of papers that regenerates daily, and incessant demands from every educational stakeholder, teachers can become predictable and mundane in their practices. Nevertheless, innovative, engaged, and reflective teaching is the path to effective teaching" (pg 337)

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"Teaching is hard. Often confronted by too many students, a schedule without breaks, a pile of papers that regenerates daily, and incessant demands from every educational stakeholder, teachers can become predictable and mundane in their practices. Nevertheless, innovative, engaged, and reflective teaching is the path to effective teaching" (pg 337)

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Teachers have a very draining job so it is hard and others do not understand all the work that has to be put in . With that being said its easy for teachers to become predictable. This will only lead to non engage students, cheating, boring lessons, or even bad testing results on how effective you are. Its important to change up your syllabus, spice up the lessons, and do things differently using he results of past students. In conclusion, by doing this teaching will be effective and many kids will benefit from that.

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"Behaviorists urge teachers to use a system of reinforcement to encourage desired behaviors, to connect learning with pleasure and reward (a smile, special privilege, or good grades). In a program termed behavior modification, extrinsic rewards are gradually lessened as the student acquires and masters the targeted behavior" (pg 156).

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"Behaviorists urge teachers to use a system of reinforcement to encourage desired behaviors, to connect learning with pleasure and reward (a smile, special privilege, or good grades). In a program termed behavior modification, extrinsic rewards are gradually lessened as the student acquires and masters the targeted behavior" (pg 156).

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Behaviorists basically manipulate children to have targeted behaviors so they are able to have control over the classroom and that student. They desire all kids to want to work with no rewards or benefits involved but their not at this point. In my opinion this is manipulation to get through a lesson. Teacher give so they can get results back too. Therefore, reinforcement is desired so the kids wont be pressured and is open to being active in class.